polity Flashcards

Question

SHG

Answer 1

Empowering women is the key to nation-building." – "Empower Together, Prosper Together." "Strength in Unity, Success in Community."

Answer 2

--As of recent reports, India has over 8 million self-help groups, benefiting more than 100 million people. --a report by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) highlights that SHGs have mobilized savings of over ₹1.5 lakh crore.

Answer 3

Parliamentary Standing Committees in India play a crucial role in scrutinizing legislation, overseeing government work, and ensuring accountability. Here are examples of both successful and inefficient functioning: **Successful Functioning** 1. **Committee on Public Accounts (PAC) - 2G Spectrum Case (2011):** - The PAC, under Murli Manohar Joshi, scrutinized the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) report on the 2G spectrum allocation, highlighting the loss to the exchequer and leading to significant public discourse and legal actions. 2. **Committee on Finance - Goods and Services Tax (GST) Bill (2014-2016):** - This committee extensively reviewed the GST Bill, incorporating suggestions and resolving political differences, which led to the successful passage of one of India’s most significant tax reforms. 3. **Committee on Home Affairs - Disaster Management (2013-2014):** - The committee made significant contributions to India's disaster management framework, suggesting improvements in preparedness and response mechanisms, particularly after the Uttarakhand floods. 4. **Committee on Health and Family Welfare - COVID-19 Pandemic (2020):** - This committee provided vital recommendations on the healthcare infrastructure, vaccination strategy, and resource allocation, contributing to India's response to the pandemic. 5. **Committee on Agriculture - Minimum Support Price (MSP) (2018-2019):** - The committee's recommendations on MSP helped shape policies that ensured better price realization for farmers, particularly in the context of the Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA) scheme. 6. **Committee on External Affairs - Indo-US Nuclear Deal (2008):** - The committee played a pivotal role in debating and discussing the strategic implications of the Indo-US Nuclear Deal, which was a landmark in India's foreign policy. 7. **Committee on Defense - OROP (One Rank One Pension) (2015-2016):** - The committee effectively highlighted the concerns of ex-servicemen regarding OROP, influencing the government's decision to implement the scheme. 8. **Committee on Environment, Forests, and Climate Change - Plastic Waste Management (2019-2020):** - This committee's work on plastic waste management led to stricter regulations and policies aimed at reducing plastic pollution in India.

Answer 4

**Inefficient Functioning** 1. **Committee on Public Undertakings - Air India (2011-2013):** - Despite discussions, the committee failed to prevent the continued financial decline of Air India, highlighting inefficiencies in addressing the public sector's challenges. 2. **Committee on Railways - Railway Safety (2016):** - The committee's recommendations on railway safety were often ignored, leading to repeated accidents and highlighting inefficiencies in oversight and implementation. 3. **Committee on Chemicals and Fertilizers - Subsidy Management (2015):** - The committee struggled to provide effective oversight on fertilizer subsidies, leading to persistent issues of inefficiency and leakage in the system. 4. **Committee on Coal and Steel - Coal Block Allocation (2012-2013):** - The committee's oversight during the coal block allocation controversy was seen as ineffective, with significant lapses in preventing the misuse and corruption associated with the allocations. 5. **Committee on Home Affairs - Police Reforms (2005-2010):** - Despite several reports and recommendations, the committee failed to push through critical police reforms, leading to continued inefficiencies and issues within the policing system. 6. **Committee on Health and Family Welfare - Healthcare Infrastructure (2017-2019):** - The committee's failure to push for robust healthcare infrastructure development was evident during the COVID-19 pandemic, where gaps in the system became glaringly obvious. 7. **Committee on Defense - Defense Procurement (2013-2016):** - The committee was unable to address the delays and inefficiencies in defense procurement, leading to setbacks in the modernization of the armed forces. 8. **Committee on Information Technology - Data Protection Bill (2019):** - The committee struggled to build consensus on the Data Protection Bill, leading to delays and an ongoing debate over the bill's provisions and effectiveness.

Answer 5

Successful Functioning of Rajya Sabha: 1. **GST Bill (2017)**: Passed after thorough discussion, showing cooperation across parties. 2. **Women's Reservation Bill (2010)**: Passed to reserve 33% of seats for women, though not yet implemented. 3. **Right to Information Act (2005)**: Enabled greater transparency in government, successfully passed. 4. **10% EWS Reservation (2019)**: Provided reservations for economically weaker sections, passed efficiently. 5. **Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Bill (2019)**: Focused on road safety, passed after detailed debate. 6. **Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (2016)**: Streamlined insolvency processes, marking important financial reform. 7. **FDI in Retail (2012)**: Approved policy changes allowing foreign investment in retail, aiding economic growth. 8. **Support for Patanjali Ayurveda (2015 onwards)**: Promoted local industries, reflecting support for indigenous businesses.

Answer 6

Inefficient Functioning of Rajya Sabha: 1. **Frequent Disruptions**: Sessions often disrupted, leading to wasted time, like during the 2016 Winter Session. 2. **Delay in Passing Bills**: Important bills, like the Prevention of Corruption Bill, faced long delays. 3. **Lokpal Bill Delays (1968-2013)**: Took decades to pass, reflecting inefficiency in tackling corruption. 4. **Land Acquisition Bill Stalemate (2015)**: No consensus reached, stalling land reforms. 5. **Judicial Appointments Commission Bill Delays (2014)**: Faced hurdles, leading to inefficiency in judicial reforms. 6. **Farm Laws Debate Disruptions (2020)**: Debates were marred by disruptions, highlighting inefficiency. 7. **Retrospective Tax Law Delay (2021)**: Delays in passing this bill affected investor confidence. 8. **Inaction on Women's Reservation Bill**: Passed in 2010 but not implemented, showing inefficiency.

Answer 7

State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people.

Answer 8

Equal justice and free legal aid.

Answer 9

Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief.

Answer 10

Promotion of co-operative societies.

Answer 11

Uniform civil code for the citizens.

Answer 12

Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years.

Answer 13

Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health.

Answer 14

Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections.

Answer 15

Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life.

Answer 16

Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance.

Answer 17

chapter1-executive chapter2- parliament chap3- ordinance by president chap4- union judiciary chap4 -CAG

Answer 18

union territories

Answer 19

cooperative society

Answer 20

schedule and tribal areas

Answer 21

federal relation c-s

polity Flashcards

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