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Senior Year Tri 3 > Poly sci - unit 2 > Flashcards

Poly sci - unit 2 Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

What are the different types of party systems in the world? (3)

A

one party system

multiparty system

two party system

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2
Q

One-party system

example

A

the party in effect is the government in some places, political differences arise only within the party itself because the government allows no other opposition

ex. Cuba, Vietnam, North Korea

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3
Q

Multiparty System

example

A

allows more than one party giving voters a wide range of options; often have different ideology

ex. France, Italy

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4
Q

Two Party System

example

A

two parties compete for power, although minor parties exist

ex. U.S.

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5
Q

Ideological

A

focus on changing society in “major” ways (Communist, Libertarian, Green Parties)

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6
Q

Single Issue

A

promotes a single social or economic issue (prohibitionist party)

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7
Q

Splinter

A

splits away from one of the major parties because of some disagreement

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8
Q

4 types of Political parties

A

ideological
single issue
splinter
economic protest

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9
Q

Functions of a political party? What do they do? (5)

A

campaign for their representatives

inform the public

help manage government

linking the different levels in government

act as a watchdog (parties watching parties)

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10
Q

How did the two-party system develop in the U.S.?

A

When writing the constitution

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11
Q

Federalist philosophies

A

calls for a strong central government

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12
Q

Anti-federalist philosophies

A

believed states should have more power than the government

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13
Q

Effects of having minor/third parties in America? Why are they important?

A

they influence the elections by promoting ideas that were first unpopular/hotly debated, forcing the major parties to later adopt the issues

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14
Q

What does “American ideological consensus” mean?

A

When the majority of the people agree on an ideological issue

  • the significant number of moderates can be attributed to this
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15
Q

ideology

A

type of 3rd party that focuses on overall change in society rather than an issue

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16
Q

liberal

A

one who believes the national government should be active in promoting health, education, justice, and equal opportunity

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17
Q

conservative

A

one who believes the government should be limited, except in supporting traditional values, and promoting freedom of opportunity

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18
Q

moderate

A

one whose beliefs fall somewhere between liberal and conservative views

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19
Q

plurality

A

the largest number of votes in an election

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20
Q

consensus

A

an agreement about basic beliefs

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21
Q

patronage

A

the practice of granting favors to reward party loyalty

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22
Q

electorate

A

all those eligible to vote

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23
Q

delegate (2)

A

a person sent or authorized to represent others

an elected representative sent to a conference

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24
Q

coalition

A

an alliance for combined action, especially a temporary alliance of political parties forming a government or of states

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25
independent (voter)
thinks of themselves as neither Republic nor Democrat
26
precinct
a voting district
27
third parties
any political party other than one of the two major parties
28
party platform
a statement of a political party's principle beliefs, and positions on vital issues
29
open primary
an election in which all voters may participate
30
closed primary
an election in which only members of a political party can vote
31
partisan
adhering to or supporting a particular party, faction, cause, or person
32
suffrage franchise
the right to vote
33
federal election commission (FEC)
an independent agency in the executive branch to administer federal election laws
34
political action committees (PACs)
organizations established by interest groups to collect money and provide financial support to favored candidates or political parties
35
Bipartisan campaign reform act (BRCA)
targeted the use of issue advocacy advertising and the use of soft money donations to national political parties
36
soft money
contributions given directly to a political party by PACs or individuals for general purposes, such as voter registration drives, party mailings, and political ads
37
15th amendment
provides that no state can deprive any citizen of the right to "vote" on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude - was the first effort to extend suffrage to African Americans nationwide - ratified in 1870
38
19th amendment
women's right to vote
39
26th amendment
lowered voting age of 21 to 18
40
civil rights act
restricting tactics to "get around" (political discrimination)
41
voting rights act of 1965 (2)
any new election law needs to be "pre-cleared" through the department of justice voting examiners are appointed to troubled states/counties to oversee the election process
42
Registration
action or process of registering or of being registered
43
Absentee Ballots
one that allows a person to vote without going to the polls on election day
44
MN Voter Qualifications (6)
citizen of USA resident of MN for at least 20 days 18 years old registered voter cant be a convicted felon w/o civil rights cant be legally mentally incompetent
45
Voter Behavioral Patterns (3)
middle aged people vote more than the young or very old increased participation if graduated from college income, education, social class, and occupation are closely related --> the higher those are the more likely the person will be to vote
46
political socialization
process by which individuals learn their political beliefs and attitudes through personal backgrounds and life experiences
47
political efficacy
an individual's feelings of his or her effectiveness in politics
48
political identification (2)
where you are on the political spectrum most influential factor - family
49
propaganda
the use of ideas, information, or rumors to influence opinion
50
split ticket
a ticket of a voter who voted for a candidate from a different party for a different office
51
straight-party ticket
where they select the candidates of their party only
52
What do interest groups do? what is their purpose? (2)
try to influence government officials to support certain policies to help bridge the gap between the citizen and the government
53
How do interest groups differ from parties?
they seek to influence government by electing candidates
54
faction
groups of people united to promote special interests
55
examples of interest groups (3)
NRA - national rifle association AFL-CIO = group lobbies for the benefits of labor Sierra - a pro-environmental interest group
56
Lobbyist (2)
interest group representative try to convince members of congress to support policies favored by the groups they represent
57
Liibertarian
support both economic and social freedoms - free markets and unrestricted speech
58
Republican
Conservative
59
Democrat
Liberal
60
Arguably the most important tool for a candidate when communicating with the public
television
61
election day is on
tuesday following the first monday in november on every even numbered year
62
George W. Bush and Ronald Reagan's political ideology
Republican; conservative
63
Declared party members may NOT vote in a(n) (3)
runoff caucus open primary plurality election
64
Democrats like Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton can be placed here on the political spectrum
Liberal
65
This PARTY spends more $ on education and health care
democrats
66
the party more pro apt to legislate morality and advocates for pro-life
republicans
67
Jargon used a ___ when referencing to the actions of a party loyalist in an election
straight-ticket
68
Jargon used a ___ when referencing to the actions of a party loyalist in an election
straight-ticket
69
Liberal characteristics (20)
- more democratic --> DFL (MN) - progressive values ---> individual standards of morality - government = economic "safety net" for people - more economic involvement in country in order to provide services - bigger government - more social programs --> health care, welfare, affirmative action - aid for prescription drug costs - preserve social security - more education spending - foreign relations --> diplomacy - less military spending - pro-choice - crime prevention - anti-capital punishment - pro gun control laws - gay/lesbian/bisexual/transgender rights - concern about environment - protect workers, unions - secular - civil liberties AT EXPENSE of anti terrorism policy
70
Conservative characteristics (20)
- more Republican - GOP - traditional values --> community standards - individual responsibility (fiscally) - less economic involvement --> less taxes - smaller government - less social programs --> welfare, anti-affirmative action - protect big business --> insurance companies - privatize social security - less educational spending - foreign-relations --> force - more military spending - pro-life - police and law enforcement - pro capital punishment - anti gun control laws - anti LGBT rights - concerned about economy over environment - protect business owners - non-secular - anti-terrorism policy

Senior Year Tri 3 (3 decks)

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