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polymers sience > polymer > Flashcards

polymer Flashcards

1
Q

Why can metals conduct electricity?

A

They have delocalised electrons, which are free to move around the whole structure, and carry an electrical charge

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2
Q

Why are metals malleable?

A

They are arranged in layers which can slide over each other

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3
Q

Why do they have high melting and boiling points?

A

They have lots of strong forces of attraction which need a lot of energy to overcome

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4
Q

what are the properties of metals ?

A 
Strong
High melting point
Shiny
Good electrical and thermal conductors
Flexible
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5
Q

what are the properties of a non-metals?

A

Brittle
Low melting point
Dull
Poor electrical and thermal conductors

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6
Q

Why are metals used in pans?

A

They conduct heat

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7
Q

Why are they used in buildings?

A

They are strong

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8
Q

Why are they used in wires?

A

They are ductile and conduct electricity

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9
Q

Define an alloy

A

A metal mixed with another element

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10
Q

List 3 natural and 3 synthetic materials

A

Natural materials include wood, water, air, sand etc
Synthetic materials include glass, paper, plastics
Synthetic materials are man made

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11
Q

Steel is used in building because…

A

they are strong and hard

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12
Q

Copper is used in electrical items because…

A

they are good conductor of electricity

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13
Q

China is used for tea pots because…

A

they are good thermal insulator

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14
Q

2 strong materials are…

A

Steel, iron (metals)

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15
Q

2 thermal insulators are…

A

Plastic, rubber

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16
Q

2 conductors (thermal and electrical) are…

A

Iron, aluminium

17
Q

Describe 6 things a bar chart needs

A 
X axis labels
Y axis labels
Suitable scale
Gaps between bars
Bars equal width
Bars drawn to the correct height
18
Q

Explain why substances are brittle

A

Atoms are in a rigid structure and can’t move past each other

19
Q

Explain why substances are hard

A

Lots of strong bonds in a giant lattice

20
Q

Explain why substances have high melting points

A

Lots of strong bonds which require a lot of thermal energy to break

21
Q

Explain why substances can conduct electricity

A

Delocalised electrons which are free to move around the structure and carry a charge

22
Q

Describe and explain the conditions needed to form large crystals in ceramic materials.

A

Allowing them to cool slowly, which means there is enough time for the lattice structure to form

23
Q

Define polymer

A

Lots of small molecules joined together in a long chain.

24
Q

Give 2 examples of polymers

A

PVC, polystyrene

25
Q

How are polymers formed?

A

From monomers, repeat units, joined together

26
Q

Plastic means:

A

It will not return to its original shape when stretched

27
Q

Elastic means:

A

It will return to its original shape when stretched

28
Q

A composite material is

A

two or more materials combined with some of the properties of each

29
Q

Give 2 examples of composites

A

Paper

Concrete

30
Q

What 4 things do you need to make concrete?

A

Cement
Sand
Aggregate
Water

31
Q

Define thermal decomposition:

A

Where a compound is broken down into simpler substances using heat energy

32
Q

What is the word equation for thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate?

A

Calcium carbonate → Calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

33
Q

Give 3 reasons for recycling plastics:

A

To preserve natural resources
To save energy
Some substances are not biodegradable (they are not broken down by living organisms)

34
Q

How do you recycle metals?

A

Separate them then melt them

35
Q

How do you recycle glass?

A

Sort by colour, crush and melt them

36
Q

How do you recycle plastic?

A

Melt and mould into new materials

37
Q

State and explain how the properties of vulcanised rubber differ from natural rubber

A

Cross links increases its melting point and makes it harder - more bonds to overcome.
Cross links increases elasticity - layers can return to their original positions

polymers sience (1 decks)

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