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RSFC Y13 CHEM 2023 > Polymers and Amino Acids > Flashcards

Polymers and Amino Acids Flashcards

1
Q

Define an addition polymer

A

a long chain formed from many monomers
and no other product is formed

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2
Q

What type of polymer is made many monomers
and no other product is formed

A

An addition polymer

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3
Q

Define a condensation polymer

A

monomer molecules join to form a larger chain with a small molecule such as H2O or HCl being released

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4
Q

What type of polymer is formed when monomer molecules join to form a larger chain with a small molecule such as H2O or HCl being released

A

a condensation polymer

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5
Q

What are the two types of condensation polymers?

A

Polyester and polyamide

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6
Q

What type of polymerisation forms polyesters and polyamides?

A

Condensation polymerisation

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7
Q

What type of polymer has a non-polar carbon chain?

A

Addition polymers

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8
Q

Why can’t addition polymers be hydrolysed and therefore are not biodegradable?

A

They have a strongly bonded non-polar carbon chain

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9
Q

Which type of polymer is biodegradable?

A

Condensation polymers are biodegradable

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10
Q

Why are condesation polymers biodegradable?

A

The delta positive C of the polar C=O bond can be attacked by nucleophiles

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11
Q

Give one repeat unit

A

terylene

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12
Q

Draw two repeat units of kevlar

A
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13
Q

Name the monomers

A

benzene-1,4-diamine
benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid.

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14
Q

How many waters are formed when a condensation polymer made from 2 types of monomer is made?

A

2n-1

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15
Q

Name the repeated units used to make nylon 6,6

A

1,6-diaminohexane
Hexane-1,6-dicarboxylic acid

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16
Q

Which two functional groups are need to make a polyester?

A

Alcohol and a Carboxylic Acid (or Acyl Chloride)

17
Q

Which two functional groups are need to make a polyamine?

A

An Amine and a Carboxylic Acid (or Acyl Chloride)

18
Q

What are the hydroylsis products of terylene in alkali/acid conditions?

A
19
Q

What are the hydroylsis products of nylon 6,6 in alkali/acid conditions

A
20
Q

What is the term for the group highlighted in yellow?

A

R group

21
Q

Which of the groups in yellow reacts at neutral pH

A

None, at neutral pH a zwitterion form and the R group does not react

22
Q

When does an amino acid form a zwitterion?

A

At neutral pH

23
Q

Why do zwitterions have a high melting point?

A

They have ionic bonding

24
Q

Draw the zwitterion of aspartic acid

A
25
Q

Draw aspartic acid at high pH

A
26
Q

Draw aspartic acid in NaOH

A
27
Q

Draw lysine at low pH

A
28
Q

Draw lysine in HCl

A
29
Q

What type of protien structure is illustrated here?

A

Secondary

Secondary structures include alpha helix and beta pleated sheets which a

30
Q

What type of protien structure is illustrated by the sequence
-Ala - Lys - Asp - Ser - Ala- ?

A

Primary

Primary structure is the sequence of indiviual amino acids that make up

31
Q

What type of bonding is illustrated here?
How does it occur?

A

Hydrogen Bonding

electron deficient H
attracts the lone pair on the O

32
Q

What type of bond determines tertiary protien structure?

A

Disulfide Bond

33
Q

Cysteine can form a special type of bond - what is it?

A

Disulfide Bond

34
Q

What type of protien structure is represented here?

A

Tertiary Structure

It shows further folding of the secondary structures and contains disulf

35
Q

What type of bond is a disulfide bond?

A

A covalent bond between 2 sulfur atoms from two different cystiene amino acids

36
Q

How does a peptide bond form between two amino acids?

A
37
Q

How do you hydrolyse a peptide/protien?

A

Boil for 24 hours
6 moldm-3 HCl Cat

RSFC Y13 CHEM 2023 (18 decks)

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