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BModule 2: Foundations In Biology > polysaccharides > Flashcards

polysaccharides Flashcards

1
Q

what are polysaccharides?

A

macromolecules formed by many monosaccharides joined together through glycosidic bonds

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2
Q

what are macromolecules?

A

large molecules

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3
Q

what is starch, glycogen and cellulose?

A

polysaccharides

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4
Q

what is starch made up of?

A

amylose and amylopectin

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5
Q

where is starch found?

A

in plants

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6
Q

what glucose makes up starch?

A

alpha glucose

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7
Q

describe the shape of amylose

A

unbranched helix shape

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8
Q

describe the shape of amylopectin

A

branched chain

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9
Q

where is glycogen found?

A

in animals and fungi

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10
Q

what glucose makes up glycogen?

A

alpha glucose

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11
Q

describe the shape of glycogen

A

a very branched chain

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12
Q

where is cellulose found?

A

in plants cell wall

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13
Q

what glucose makes up cellulose?

A

beta glucose

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14
Q

describe the shape of cellulose

A

an unbranched chain of beta glucose

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15
Q

why is cellulose strong?

A

many hydrogen bonds form between chains

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16
Q

why is compactness good for storage?

A

large quantities can be stored

17
Q

what is the function of starch?

A

the main storage polysaccharide in plants

18
Q

where in plants is starch found?

A

in plastids (e.g. chloroplasts)

19
Q

why does starch take a long time to digest?

A

there are many monomers

20
Q

what is the function of glycogen?

A

the main storage polysaccharide in animals and fungi

21
Q

where is glycogen mostly found and why?

A

in liver or muscle cells as this is where the most cellular respiration happens

22
Q

what do glycogens many branches mean?

A

it is more compact so can store more

23
Q

can glucose be added/removed easily from glycogen?

A

yes

24
Q

why is cellulose used as a plant cell wall?

A

can stretch without breaking and freely permeable

BModule 2: Foundations In Biology (13 decks)

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