properties of water

Question 1

what is water made up of?

Answer 1

2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom (H20)

Question 2

how are is H20 bonded?

Answer 2

through covalent bonds

Question 3

does water have a neutral charge?

Answer 3

yes. h=+1, 0–2

Question 4

what is a polar molecule?

Answer 4

where the sharing of electrons between atoms is uneven

Question 5

is water a polar molecule or a non-polar molecule?

Answer 5

water is a polar molecule because the sharing of electrons between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms is uneven

Question 6

which atom in H20 attracts more electrons?

Answer 6

oxygen

Question 7

in water, which atom has a weak negatively charged region and a weak positively charged region?

Answer 7

the oxygen atom has a weak negatively charged region as it attracts electrons more strongly compared to the hydrogen atom. this leaves the hydrogen atom with a weak positively charged region

Question 8

what bonds form between water molecules?

Answer 8

hydrogen bonds

Question 9

why are hydrogen bonds constantly breaking and reforming?

Answer 9

because they are weak

Question 10

where are the hydrogen bonds formed in joined water molecules?

Answer 10

between the negatively and positively charged regions of adjacent water molecules (a - O atom and a +H atom)

Question 11

what are the main 7 properties of water?

Answer 11

1. a good solvent
2. a high specific heat capacity
3. less dense as a solid
4. a high latent heat of vaporisation
5. a reagent
6. a polar molecule
7. cohesion/adhesion

Question 12

what is meant by water being a good solvent?

Answer 12

many substances can dissolve in it

Question 13

is water a good solvent?

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

why is it good that water is a good solvent?

Answer 14

more chemical reactions can occur within cells as dissolved substances are more chemically reactive

Question 15

ions and polar molecules cannot dissolve in water. true or false?

Answer 15

false. ions and polar molecules can dissolve in water

Question 16

what is meant by the term ‘specific heat capacity’?

Answer 16

the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 Degree Celsius

Question 17

does water have a low or high specific heat capacity?

Answer 17

a high one

Question 18

why does water require a lot of energy to raise its temperature?

Answer 18

due to the many hydrogen bonds between molecules

Question 19

what are the benefits of water having a high specific heat capacity?

Answer 19

its temperature isn’t risen easily, meaning it is a good habitat and can can maintain enzyme activity. it is also in blood plasma so it can transfer heat as it easily absorbs it without being effected

Question 20

what does it mean if a substance has a high latent heat vaporisation?

Answer 20

in order to change state from liquid to gas a large amount of thermal energy must be absorbed

Question 21

why does water have a high latent heat vaporisation?

Answer 21

a lot of energy needs to be absorbed to break the hydrogen bonds between molecules

Question 22

why is water having a high latent heat vaporisation good for organisms?

Answer 22

it means only a small amount of water needs to evaporate to lose a lot of heat, so it acts as a coolant

Question 23

why does water become less dense as a solid?

Answer 23

the hydrogen bonds fix the position of the polar molecules slightly further apart than in the liquid state

Question 24

what is meant by the term adhesion?

Answer 24

molecules are attracted to other molecules

Question 25

what is meant by the term cohesion?

Answer 25

molecules move as one mass as all the molecules are attracted to each other

Question 26

what is a benefit gained by organisms through water being a good solvent?

Answer 26

water can transport dissolved compounds in/out of cells

Question 27

why is water stable?

Answer 27

it doesn’t change temperature easily