pom- lab values Flashcards
1
Q
myleoid precursers make these 4
A
rbc, platelet, granulocytes, monocytes
2
Q
lymphoid precurers make
A
lymphocytes, plasma cells
3
Q
cbc includes these 9 things
A
hbg, hct, rbc, mcv, mch, mchc, rdw, plt, wbc
4
Q
draw the shorthand for cbc and chem 7
A
do it
5
Q
normal rbc count in men and women
A
men 4.7-6.6X10^6 mm^3
women: 4.2-5.4X10^6mm^3
6
Q
high rbc count means
A
polycythemia vera
7
Q
low rbc count
A
anemia
8
Q
hemoglobin normal, men and women
A
m 14-18 gm/dl
f- 12-16 gm/dl
9
Q
high hmg?
A
polycythemia vera
10
Q
low hmg?
A
anemia
11
Q
normal hematocrit men and women
A
m- 42-54%
f- 37-47%
12
Q
definition of crit
A
vol of packed eryth per 100cc
13
Q
mean corpuscular volume
A
average volume of rbcs
14
Q
range of mcv
A
90, plus or minus 7
15
Q
high mcv
A
macrocytosis
16
Q
low mcv
A
microcytosis
17
Q
mean corpuscular hmg
A
average weight of hgb contained in a rbc
18
Q
range mch
A
29 plus or minus 2 pg
19
Q
mean corpuscular hemoglobin concetration
A
average conc of hgb in a given vol (100cc) of rbc
20
Q
range of mchc
A
34 plus or minus 2 gm/dl
21
Q
rbc distribution width
A
description of regularity of cell diameters, measured by couler counter
22
Q
range of rbc dist width
A
11.8-14.1%
23
Q
esr
A
eryth sed rate
24
Q
low mch
A
hypochromic anemia
25
high mch
hyperchromia
26
high mchc
hereditary spherocytosis
27
low mchc
hypochromic anemias
28
normal esr
20mm/hr
29
increased esr means
inflamm
30
normal platelet count range
150,000-400,000 cell/mm^3
31
high platelet count?
inflamm, malignancy, post splenectomy
32
low platelet
immune /ideopathic, viral dz, SLE, drugs
33
normal wbc count
4500-11000/mm^3
34
high wbc count means
infeciton, malig
35
low wbc count
neutropenia, hematologic neoplastic dz, drug, virus
36
leukocytosis-
inc in wbc count- can be path or physio
37
physiologic reasons for leukocytosis
extreme temps, muscular activity, preg
38
patho reasons for leukocytosis
```
ITALIC
I infection
T tissue death
A allergy
L leukemia
I inflammation
C cancer
```
39
leukopenia causes- 4
megaloblastic anemia
bone marrow depression
malig neutropenia or myeloprolieratite sytnromes (leukkemia, polycythemia)
viral infection
40
to get total neutrophils, add -- and --
segs and bands
41
neutrophils- normal percent in wbc differential
50-70 segs, 3-5 bands,
| number is 3000-7000
42
lymphocyte normal percent in wbc differential
1000 - 3500, 20-40%
43
monocytes- percent in wbc diff
0-7%, 0-700
44
eo in wbc diff
0-5%, 0-500
45
baso in wbc diff
0-1%, 0-100
46
acute infection you see -- shift in neutrophil
left shift- increase in bands
47
left shift
increase in bands (1-2 lobes)
48
left shift- lab values
>20% bands or >80% neutrophil in total wbc count
49
right shift-
increased mature pmn- less common
50
cause for left shift- 6
```
acute infection
physical/emotional stimuli
toxemia
hemorrhage
leukemia
diabetes
```
51
right shift- 4 causes
chronic inflamm
autoimmune dz
megaloblastic anemia
iron defiiceny
52
neutrophenia- mild, mod, sev
1000 1500 mild
500-1000 mod
>500 sev
53
when to do prophy for neutrophenia
less than 1000
54
cuases for neutropenia
cancer, ct dz, drug, rad, leuk
55
lymphocytosis cuases- 3
lymphoctyic leukemia, viral infection, chronic infection
56
lyphocytopenia causes
corticosteroids, renal dz, immunosuppresive meds, chemo, HIV
57
monocytosis- 4 causes
infeciton, monocytic leukemia, cancer, endocarditis
58
monocytopenia cause
bone marrow injury
59
eosinophilia- 5 causes
neoplasm, allergy, addisons, colalgen vascular dz, parasitic dz
60
eosinopenia- 3 cause
pyogenic infeciton, labor, shock
61
basophilia-
rare- caused by chronic myelogenous leukemia
62
basopenia
rare - caused by acute rheumatic fever, cushings syndrome
63
chem 7 tests these things- EXAM
```
sodium
chloride
potassium
carbon dioxide
blood urea nitrogen
creatinin
glucose
```
64
sodium range-
135-145 mEq/l
65
low sodium- hyponatremia - 3 things
chf, adrenal insufficiency, diuretics
66
hypernatremia- 2
vomiting, loss of h20
67
chloride range
98-106 mEq/l
68
potassium range
3.5-5 mEq/L
69
hyperkalemia- causes
renal failure, acidosis,
| crush injury
70
hypokalemia
poor intake, vomiting
71
co2 range
21-30 mEq/l
72
high co2
metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis
73
low co2
metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis
74
blood urea nitrogen EXAM
10-20 mg/dl
75
BLOOD UREA NITROGEN MEASURES
RENTAL FXN
76
high blood urea nitrogen
azotemia, dec gfr, renal failure
77
low bun
esld, malnut
78
creatinine normal
.5-1.5mg/dl
79
high creat?
renal impairemnt
80
normal range glucose
70-100 mg/dl (fasting)
81
high glucose
dm, panc removal, cushings, glucocorticosteroid therapy, pheochromocytoma
82
low glucose
hepatic dz, addisons, excess insulin, insulin secrteing tumor, esld, pituitary hypofxn
83
lab tests for hemostasis
pt, platelet count, inr, ptt, sbt
84
inr=
pt pt/mean normal pt in secs
85
normal inr range
.8-1.2
86
atrial fib inr
2-3
87
tx and prev of venous thrombosis inr
2-3
88
post surg placment of hip prostheiss inr
2-3
89
mech prosth heart valve inr
2.5-3.5
90
pt- screening test to id deficiency in clotting factors -, - and -
v, vii, x
also, prothrombin and fibrinogen
91
pt also used to monitor tx with
warfarin- dec activity of Vii, ix, and x
92
prolonged pt- 5 things
liver dz, vit k def, disseminated intravascular coag, nephrotic syndrom, tx with ab, chemo, or antighromtoic
93
ptt- test for factors -
ix, viii, xi
94
ptt monitors for drug
heparin
95
prolonged ptt occurs in
factor def, factor inhib, anticoag with heparin, contamination of sample with heparin
