Population Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is today’s total population? How has global population changed since 1800?
8.09 billion people one earth (estimated). Growing over 7 billion since 1800
What causes populations to grow?
Population growth occurs through natural increase, when birth rates exceed death rates, and migration, when people move to new areas for better opportunities or living conditions.
Birth Rate
The number of live births per 1,000 people in a given year.
Death Rate
The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a given year.
Natural Increase
The difference between the birth rate and the death rate, showing population growth or decline.
Fertility Rate
The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime.
Infant Mortality Rate
The number of infant deaths (under 1 year old) per 1,000 live births in a given year.
Net Migration Rate
The difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants per 1,000 people in a given year.
Immigration
The movement of people into a country or region.
Emigration
The movement of people out of a country or region.
What causes Birth Rates to be high in some countries?
High birth rates in some countries are caused by cultural norms valuing large families, limited access to family planning, economic factors where children are seen as assets, early marriage, high infant mortality, and religious beliefs encouraging larger families.
What causes Birth Rates to be low in some countries?
Low birth rates are caused by factors like access to family planning, high living costs, women’s education and workforce participation, urbanization, changing social norms, and delayed marriage and childbearing.
Death Rates all around the world have significantly reduced or are already low – what has caused death falls to falls or be very low today?
Death rates have dropped due to advancements in healthcare, sanitation, nutrition, and medicine, as well as improved living standards, better health education, and lifestyle changes.
How can a population be managed if the population is growing rapidly?
To manage rapid population growth, governments can promote family planning, improve education, encourage smaller families, and invest in healthcare and sustainable urban planning.
What problems are caused if a country has an elderly population?
An elderly population can strain healthcare, social services, and pension systems, while also reducing the workforce and slowing economic growth.
What causes people to migrate to other countries? What are push and pull factors?
People migrate due to push factors like poverty, war, or lack of opportunities, and pull factors like better jobs, living standards, or safety in another country.
