Population

Question 1

Natural decrease?

Answer 1

The death rate exceeds the birth rate

Question 2

Exponential growth?

Answer 2

A pattern where the growth rate constantly increases. Often shown as a curve

Question 3

Birth rate?

Answer 3

The number of births per 1000 people per year

Question 4

Death rate?

Answer 4

The number of deaths per 1000 people per year

Question 5

Natural increase

Answer 5

The birth rate exceeds the death rate

Question 6

Natural change

Answer 6

The difference between birth rate and death rate, expressed as a percentage

Question 7

A MEDC…

Answer 7

Has a slow natural increase

Has a low infant mortality

Has a low birth rate because it is very narrow at the base of the pyramid

Has a higher life expectancy because it is fairly even throughout the pyramid

Hausa low death rate because it is still fairly wide at the top

Question 8

A LEDC…

Answer 8

Has a rapid natural increase because it gets thinner before the top

Has a higher infant mortality because the graph has quite a steep slope

Has a higher birth rate because it is very wide at the base

Has a lower life expectancy because it is a lot thinner at the top than it is at the base

Has a higher death rate because it is very thin at the top

Question 9

Benefits of an elderly population?

Answer 9

Public transport

Less youth to pay for (dependent)

Question 10

Drawbacks of elderly population?

Answer 10

Bigger dependent population in general to look after

Services needed for elderly

Economy could decline

Not enough jobs filled

Question 11

Example of a higher elderly population?

Answer 11

Worthing, West Sussex

Question 12

Example of higher population of youth?

Answer 12

Wandsworth, London

Question 13

Benefits of more youthful population?

Answer 13

Lots of jobs being filled

Thriving economy

In the future, there may not be enough facilities for the elderly

Question 14

How many stages of the demographic transition model?

Answer 14

5

Question 15

Stage 1 of the demographic transition model?

Answer 15

HIGH FLUCTUATING STAGE

• little medicine
• low life expectancy
• no means of birth control

REMOTE RAINFOREST AREAS(today)

• Amazonia
• Indonesia

UK was stage 1 before about 1760

Question 16

Stage 2 of the demographic transition model?

Answer 16

CHANGES FROM STAGE 1
-decrease in death rate

Improvements in medicine and hygiene- cure and prevent diseases

Life expectancy increases

Mostly agricultural economies- children work on land - keeps birth rates high

Question 17

Stage 3 of the demographic transition model?

Answer 17

Death rate continues to fall but more slowly

Birth rate rapidly decreases

• avaliability of birth control
• economic changes-benefit from smaller families

UK STAGE 3 1880

Question 18

Stage 4 of the demographic transition model?

Answer 18

Birth and death rates low

Birth rate varies according to economic situation

Low fluctuating stage

People more likely to be able to afford children-economy growing-jobs-earn a good living

Slow population growth

Question 19

Stage 5 demographic transition model?

Answer 19

Many Easter and a few wester European countries

Death rate rises-population includes more elderly people

Discouragement from having babies

Lots of career opportunities for women-decide not to have children

Question 20

Major factors affecting population growth?

Answer 20

Agricultural change
Urbanisation
Education
Emancipation and status of women

Question 21

How does agricultural change affect population growth?

Answer 21

Change-more technology used
More yield
Less workers on the land 
Smaller families
STAGES 1-2

Question 22

How does urbanisation affect population growth?

Answer 22

More rural to urban migration

More education and employment opportunity

Less children needed

Stages 2-3

Question 23

How does education affect population growth?

Answer 23

Improve education

Improved quality of life

Children become an economic

Stages 3-4

Question 24

How does emancipation and status of women affect population growth?

Answer 24

More oppertunities for women ie education and jobs

Increased equality

Less time for having children

1/5 of women are childless

STAGES 4/5

Question 25

Describe the location of Singapore. Why is it called the crossroads of Asia?

Answer 25

Located in Southeast Asia between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea It is called this because it is Inbetween all the other countries in south-east Asia, therefore where people cross over to get tot he other side

Question 26

Average number of people per square kilometre in Singapore?

Answer 26

7736

Question 27

Three problems that an increasing population may cause for Singapore?

Answer 27

LACK IN FOOD SUPPLIES Has to import all it's food- the whole island has been urbanised Could lead to starvation CRAMPED CONDITIONS Lack of space UNEMPLOYMENT May not be enough jobs for the whole working population Could lead to poverty

Question 28

CHINA ONE CHILD POLICY family planning officers?

Answer 28

Persuade mothers not to have a second child Persuade to have abortion Persuade to be sterilised

Question 29

CHINA ONE CHILD POLICY | factories/workplace?

Answer 29

``` Permission to get married Taught about family planning Tested about family planning Marriage for those over 24yrs old Told when they can start trying for a child Telltales/ informers- granny police ```

Question 30

CHINA ONE CHILD POLICY | What happens when you legally have a child

Answer 30

Registration card given when pregnant New babies registered at police station Free nursery education for one

Question 31

CHINA ONE CHILD POLICY change? Why ?

Answer 31

Now allowed 2 children under any circumstances Working numbers fell below the world average and the population was getting older

Question 32

Problems created by China's one child policy?

Answer 32

SOCIAL PRESSURES ``` GENDER IMBALANCE Preference for sons Over 15million girl orphans 100:118 60 million single males increase in rapes ``` SPOILT CHINESE CHILDREN reputation for being over indulged Called 'little emperors' HIGH DEPENDENCY RATIO 4-2-1 families Heavy strain on children ECONOMIC Not enough workers for factories in some locations with rapid industrialisation REPLACEMENT RATIO The birth rate is now lower than the replacement ratio

Question 33

Exceptions to the china policy

Answer 33

Minority groups of the population are excluded Where children are essential for work on land two are allowed if the first is a girl Single child couples may have two children

Question 34

CHINAS POPULATION POLICY | why was it needed

Answer 34

The country was heading for famine The population was growing too fast to be sustainable

Question 35

China pop policy | Each couple:

Answer 35

Not marry until late 20s Only 1 successful pregnancy Sterilised after child 1 or abortions Receive 5-10% salary rise for only 1 child Priority housing , pension and family benefits inc free ed

Question 36

CHINA POPULATION POLICY | those who disobeyed and had a second child...

Answer 36

10% salary cut Huge fine emposed Family has to pay for both childrens healthcare and ed

Question 37

How successful was the policy?

Answer 37

Did not start out very well but after a while became v successful

Question 38

Benefits of the policy?

Answer 38

``` Famine has not happened Enough people can now have food and jobs 400 million fewer people born Increased living standard for many New industries have lifted millions out of poverty ```

Question 39

When did china end it's one child policy?

Answer 39

November 2013

Question 40

Zero growth?

Answer 40

A population in balance Birth rate is equal to death rate, so there is no growth or decrease