THE devwlopment Gap

Question 1

What are the different ways of measuring development?

Answer 1

GNP

Birth rate

HDI

Infant mortality

GNI

Question 2

HDI?

Answer 2

Human development index

Question 3

How is HDI calculated?

Answer 3

An index based on life expectancy at birth, level of education and income adjusted for purchasing power

Question 4

GNI?

Answer 4

Gross national income

Question 5

GNP?

Answer 5

Gross national product

Measure of wealth but does not take account of some business taxes

Question 6

Conservation swaps?

Answer 6

A way for poorer countries to make money and get themselves out of debt

Paid for by environmental conservation

1984 WWF

Many countries followed

Question 7

Example of how politics can affect development?

Answer 7

Zimbabwe

Question 8

Invisible trade?

Answer 8

Work force
Services
Financial industry

Question 9

Visible trade?

Answer 9

Goods that you will buy and sell

Question 10

Balance of trade?

Answer 10

The difference between exports and imports

Question 11

Trade surplus?

Answer 11

You are selling more than you need to buy

You make more money

Question 12

What is trade deficit?

Answer 12

You are spending more money than you are making

You lose money

Question 13

List the G8 countries

Answer 13

UK

France
Germany
USA
Italy
Russia
Japan 
Canada

Question 14

Why does most trade take place between wealthier countries?

Answer 14

The price of manufactured goods is steadier

MEDCs can afford tariffs

Good infrastructure to move raw materials and finished goods

Manufactured goods are more expensive to buy - only other wealthier countries can afford them

Trading blocks

Question 15

What are tariffs?

Answer 15

Government taxes on imported or exported goods

Question 16

What are trading blocks?

Answer 16

A trade bloc is a type of intergovernmental agreement, often part of a regional intergovernmental organization, where regional barriers to trade, (tariffs and non-tariff barriers) are reduced or eliminated among the participating states.

Question 17

Why is it bad poorer countries rely on one product for export?

Answer 17

If demand for this product decreases country can’t support itself

Economy will crash

Question 18

Primary products?

Answer 18

Tend to be low in price

The prices can fluctuate

The output can decline

Question 19

Manufactured goods?

Answer 19

They have a greater value so sell at a higher price

The prices tend to increase

The markets are protected- trading bloc

Question 20

Definition of government/bilateral aid?

Answer 20

Given directly by a richer country to a poorer country

Often tied (with strings attached)

Question 21

Multilateral aid?

Answer 21

International organisations

Given by organisations such as the world bank and the imf

Top down aid

Question 22

Voluntary aid?

Answer 22

Non governmental organisations such as Oxfam and ActionAid which collect money and receive gifts for people in LEDCs

Bottom up aid

More sustainable

Deals with emergencies

Question 23

Short term aid

Answer 23

Emergency

Needed to cope with effects of environmental hazards such as earthquakes and tropical storms

Question 24

Long term aid

Answer 24

Organisations such as practical action which help people in LEDCs to support themselves

Trains

Don’t fall into debt

Question 25

Cahora Bassa dam

Answer 25

Mozambique Bilateral aid - begun by the Portuguese government Largest of dams in Southern Africa Money is made for the Mozambican economy Could provide the whole of Mozambique with all the power it needs for the foreseeable future Only 1% of Mozambicans rural homes have direct electricity supply Most of the power is sold to South Africa 3 dams in one basin- environmental damage - shrimp fishing industry almost destroyed

Question 26

Fair trade ?

Answer 26

A system whereby agricultural producers in countries at lesser stages of development are paid a decent price for their produce. This helps them to attain a reasonable standard of living Cocoa - kuapo kokoa- Ghana

Question 27

Example of top down aid

Answer 27

Haiti

Question 28

E.g. Of bottom up aid

Answer 28

Mozambique

Question 29

Why is Ireland more developed than Bulgaria?

Answer 29

Physically closer to more developed economies with established trading links

Question 30

CAP

Answer 30

Common agricultural policy

Question 31

EU strategies to close the development gap?

Answer 31

Tariffs on imports Quotas on imports Guaranteed minimum prices- stable Improve farmers income

Question 32

Structural funds

Answer 32

Support poorer regions of europe Improve infrastructure

Question 33

Standard of living

Answer 33

Economic indicator About the material possessions that you have

Question 34

Quality of life

Answer 34

How you feel about your life How happy you are