Population Defenitions Flashcards
(29 cards)
Natural increase
When birth rates are higher than death rates
Population explosion
A sudden, rapid increase in population
Natural decrease
When death rates are higher than birth rates
Birth rates
The number of births per 1000 of a population per year
Fertility rate
The average number of children a female is expected to have in their lifetime
Death rates
The number of deaths per 1000 of the population per year
Infant mortality rate
The number of deaths before the age of 1 per 1000 live births per year
Life expectancy
The average age that someone is expected to live within a country. Generally women tend to live a few years more than men.
Population density
This is the number of people per square kilometre (km^2)
Population distribution
This is the way that people are spread across the world. This distribution in uneven, with some places densely populated, others sparsely populated
Optimum population
An area that has just the right population for the amount of resources, allowing a high standard of living
Overpopulation
This an area that has too many people for the amount of resources available. Although the standard of living may be good, i could be improved if there were more people to process the resources
Underpopulation
This is an area that has too little people for the resources available. E.g. Australia
Asylum seeker
A person who has left their country for fear of prosecution. They have asked permission to stay in another country and are awaiting on a decision. E.g. People leaving conflicts in south-east Asia arriving by boat from Indonesia to Australia
Refugee
A person who has been forced to leave their country of origin in fear of their lives. They run away with no idea where they will end up and with no permission to stay in another country. E.g. Movement of Georgians out of south Ossetia due to occupation by Russian troops
International migrant
A person who moves to live and work in a different country for at least a year. If they move for better work they are called economical migrants. E.g. Polish migrant to the UK
Illegal immigrant
A person who enters another country to live and work there without permission. E.g. People smuggled by boat from morocco into Fuertaventura
National migrant
A person who moves to live and work in another place within the same country. E.g. Moving from a village in west bengal to live and work in Kolkata
Emigration
Moving out of one country and into another to live and work
Immigration
Moving into a country to live and work
Push factor
A push factor is is to do with where people are living. These are reasons to move away from that place. E.g. There is no work due to drought
Pull factor
A pull factor is to with where people wish to move. These are reasons that attract people to the new place. E.g. Freedom from persecution
Intervening obstacles
These may be cost of moving, passport/ visa issues, and physical obstacles
Population Pyramid
A graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population
