populations Flashcards
what is a gene pool
collection of alleles carried in a population
define phenotype frequency
proportion of individuals that are of a particular phenotype in a population
define genotype frequency
proportion of individuals that are of a particular genotype in a population
define allele frequency
the proportion of all copies of a gene that have a particular allele in a population
what are the Hardy-Weinberg assumptions
large population
mating is random
no mutation
no migration
no natural selection
a population is in HW equilibrium if…
genotype frequencies don’t change from one generation to the next
what is the founder generation
the number of individuals possessing the genotype divided by the number of individuals in the sample (population). How many individuals are of each genotype?
most genetic variation that appears in populations comes from recombination in __________, not ________
meiosis, mutations
what is the heterozygote condition
the fact that selection cannot get rid of a recessive allele because heterozygotes will always be carriers of the allele
why does huntington’s disease have no impact on fitness
because of the late onset, people who are diagnosed have already had kids
the _________ the population, the ___________ the effects of drift
smaller, greater
