Post-Operative Care (Cardiogenic Shock/ Key Terms)

Question 1

Define analgesia

Answer 1

the relief of pain without causing an altered mental state

Question 2

Define nociception

Answer 2

processing of noxious stimuli
e.g: tissue injury

Question 3

Define pain pathway

Answer 3

a noxious stimuli
e.g: mechanical, thermal and chemical

Question 4

Define pre-emptive

Answer 4

concept of diminishing postoperative pain by disrupting pain pathways

Question 5

Define multi-modal

Answer 5

more than one pharmacological class- targets different receptors- improving analgesia improves effects
e.g: pre-med, methadone and ketamin

Question 6

What are the different types of analgesia?

Answer 6

NSAIDs
Opioids
Local
Alpha 2 antagonists
NMDA antagonist- ketamine
Paracetamol

Question 7

Define shock

Answer 7

clinical syndrome where circulation progressively deteriorates- vital organ deprive
e.g: deprived of blood flow

Question 8

What are the 3 different classifications of shock?

Answer 8

Hypovolaemic Shock
Cardiogenic Shock
Distributive Shock

Question 9

What are the different types of treatment for shock?

Answer 9

depends on loss reasoning
consider overload
fluid replacement- crystalloid/ whole bloods- necessary on tio of crystalloids

Question 10

What NOT to do when patient is experiencing shock

Answer 10

excerise, apply direct heat, give water orally

Question 11

What is cardiogenic shock?

Answer 11

faliure of pumping mechanism of heart

Question 12

Cardiogenic shock causes-

Answer 12

degrenerative conditions of heart muscles- dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 13

Cardiogenic treatment-

Answer 13

depends on underlying disease,
IVFT contraindicated- no loss of circulating volume

Question 14

Cardiogenic clinical signs-

Answer 14

heart murmurs, irregular pulsing, tachycardia/ bradycardia