Posterior Triangle

Question 1

Skin to the back of the scalp is innervated by what?

Answer 1

dorsal rami of spinal nerves C2-C5

Question 2

skin to the lateral side of the neck is innervated by what?

Answer 2

ventral rami of spinal nerves C2-C4

Question 3

what does the lesser occipital nerve supply?

Answer 3

skin over lateral part of occipital region and upper part of medial surface of auricle

Question 4

what does the greater auricular nerve supply?

Answer 4

Supplies skin over angle of mandible and parotid gland + both surfaces of lower part of auricle

Question 5

what does the transverse cervical nerve supply?

Answer 5

Supplies skin of anterior and lateral aspects of neck

Question 6

what does the supraclavicular nerve supply?

Answer 6

skin at base of neck and skin that covers upper parts of pectoralis major and deltoid muscles

Question 7

what is the innervation of the platysma?

Answer 7

cervical branch of facial nerve

Question 8

what 2 veins come together to form the external jugular vein?

Answer 8

posterior auricular vein

Posterior branch of retromandibular vein

Question 9

what 2 veins come together to form the retromandibular vein?

Answer 9

superficial temporal

maxillary v.

Question 10

where do the anterior jugular veins drain into?

Answer 10

external jugular vein

Question 11

what is the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 11

accessory nerve + ventral rami of C2 and C3

Question 12

what does the investing layer of deep cervical fascia cover in the neck?

Answer 12

the entire neck like a collar

Question 13

what are the 3 parts of the pretracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia?

Answer 13

muscular
visceral
buccopharyngeal

Question 14

what does the prevertebral layer surround?

Answer 14

cervical vertebrae and the mucles

Question 15

what is in the carotid sheath?

Answer 15

common carotid arteries
vagus nerve
internal jugular vein

Question 16

why is the retropharyngeal space important clinically?

Answer 16

infection can spread through it to the mediastinum

Question 17

what are the boundaries for the entire posterior triangle of the neck?

Answer 17

posterior border of sternocleidomastoid
middle 1/3 of clavicle
anterior border of trapezius

Question 18

what divides the posterior triangle of the neck into occipital triangle and supraclavicular triangle?

Answer 18

inferior belly of the omohyoid

Question 19

what is the origin of the scalenus anterior?

Answer 19

transverse process of C3-C6

Question 20

what is anterior to the scalenus anterior?

Answer 20

subclavian vein
phrenic nerve
branches of the thyrocervical trunk

Question 21

what is posterior to the scalenus anterior?

Answer 21

subclavian artery

brachial plexus

Question 22

what is the innervation of the omohyoid?

Answer 22

ansa cervicalis

Question 23

What fibers make up the lesser occipital nerve?

Answer 23

C2

Question 24

What fibers make up the great auricular nerve?

Answer 24

C2

C3

Question 25

What fibers make up the transverse cervical nerve?

Answer 25

C2 | C3

Question 26

What fibers make up the supraclavicular nerves?

Answer 26

C3 | C4

Question 27

What is the action of the platysma?

Answer 27

Depress the mandible | Draw down lower lip

Question 28

What does unilateral contraction of the sternocleidomastoid do (2 actions)?

Answer 28

Lateral flexion to same side as contracting muscle | Rotation to opposite side as contracting muscle

Question 29

What does bilateral contraction of the sternocleidomastoid do?

Answer 29

Draw head forward Flex head Inspiration

Question 30

What muscles are surrounded by the investing layer of deep cervical fascia?

Answer 30

Trapezius | Sternocleidomastoid

Question 31

What does the muscular part of the deep cervical fascia enclose?

Answer 31

Infra hyoid muscles

Question 32

Where is the retro pharyngeal space in the neck?

Answer 32

Between the buccopharyngeal fascia and prevertebral fascia

Question 33

What is the innervation of the scalene muscles?

Answer 33

Ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves

Question 34

What are the actions of the scalene muscles?

Answer 34

Lateral flexion of the neck | Inspiration

Question 35

What is the action of the omohyoid?

Answer 35

Depresses hyoid bone

Question 36

What are the contents of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Answer 36

``` Subclavian artery Superficial cervical artery Supra scapular artery Dorsal scapular artery Occipital artery External jugular vein Subclavian vein Brachial plexus Accessory nerve Branches of cervical plexus Inferior belly of omohyoid ```