postural alignment

Question 1

postural control

Answer 1

Controlling the bodys position in space for the dual purposes of stability and orientation (neurological basis of control = sensory, motor, and biomechanics)

Question 2

postural orientation

Answer 2

ability to maintain an appropriate relationship between the body segments, and between the body and environment for a task (relationship posture and task)

Question 3

postural alignment

Answer 3

biomechanical alignment

Question 4

postural components

Answer 4

ability to control the center of mass in relationship to the base of support

Question 5

center of mass

Answer 5

the point that is in the center of the body mass

Question 6

base of support

Answer 6

area of the body that is in contact with the support surface

Question 7

center of gravity

Answer 7

vertical projection of the COM

Question 8

ideal postural alignement

Answer 8

• controlling of the COM relative to the BOS
• stable posture is the COM falling within the BOS
• requires minimal effort

Question 9

where is the COM in the body

Answer 9

anterior to S2

Question 12

key point about the center of mass

Answer 12

is the NS controls the COM, it must be able to estimate the position of the COM from various sensory receptors

Question 13

things to look for in the posterior view of a postural assessment

Answer 13

• ear height
• upper shoulder height
• acromion height
• lower t spine
• humeral folds
• pelvis height
• PSIS
• Varum or valgum
• calcaneus with midfoot
• spinous process

Question 14

C7 level

Answer 14

just superior to the tip of the spine of the scapula

Question 15

T3 level

Answer 15

at the same level as the medial tip of the spine of the scapula

Question 16

T7 level

Answer 16

at the inferior angle of the scapula

Question 17

sagittal view landmarks

Answer 17

• ear lobe
• greater trochanter of the femur
• anterior to center of knee joint
• anterior to lateral malleolus

Question 18

muscles that are active during quiet stance

Answer 18

• erector spinae
• iliosoas
• glute med
• Abdominals
• TFL
• Gastroc
• TA

Question 19

what does an increase in forward head posture increase

Answer 19

thoracic kyphosis

Question 20

upper cross

Answer 20

tight: upper traps and levator scap
weak: deep neck flexors
tight: pecs
weak: lower traps and serratus anterior

Question 21

anterior pelvic tilt force coupling

Answer 21

tight: iliopsoas, rectus femoris, erector spina
weak: gluteal maximus and abdominals

Question 22

posterior pelvic tilt force coupling

Answer 22

tight: hamstrings, glutes, rectus abdominas
weak: hip flexors, rectus femoris, and erector spina

Question 23

anterior pelvic tilt on lower back posture

Answer 23

lordotic back

Question 24

posterior pelvic tit on low back posture

Answer 24

flat back

Question 25

forward shifted pelvis

Answer 25

swayback

Question 26

major factors in dynamic postural control

Answer 26

• biomechanical alignment for static conditions
• muscles groups need to work together and fire appropriately based on task
• adaptations in COM, BOS, and COG

Question 27

center of mass changes when walking

Answer 27

due to GRF

Question 28

BOS changing with walking

Answer 28

dynamic with COM has a linear movement

Question 29

LOG with walking

Answer 29

linear movement

Question 30

key to walking

Answer 30

COM should always fall into the BOS

Question 31

postural strategies

Answer 31

• means to adapt
• unconscious neuromuscular patterns
• similar to reflexes (respond to sensory input

Question 32

ankle strategy

Answer 32

the first line of defence
- use TA or Gastroc to control
- seen in children at age 7

Question 33

2 adult postural strategies

Answer 33

• stepping response
• hip strategy