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PT Eval Finals > Postural Assessment > Flashcards

Postural Assessment Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Position in which minimum stress is applied to each joint

A

Correct posture

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2
Q

Any static position that increases the stress on the joints.

A

Faulty posture

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3
Q

Primary curves

A

Kyphosis (Thoracic & Sacral)

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4
Q

Secondary curves

A

Lordosis (Lumbar & Cervical)

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5
Q

Center of Gravity

A

5 in. anterior to s2
T12 (for babies)

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6
Q

COG for head

A

Sphenoid sinus

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7
Q

COG for head & neck

A

Bassioccipital

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8
Q

COG for head, neck, & trunk

A

Anterior to T11

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9
Q

COG for UE

A

Just above the elbow

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10
Q

COG for arms

A

Medial head of the triceps

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11
Q

COG for forearm

A

Pronator teres

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12
Q

COG for hand

A

3rd MCP

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13
Q

COG for LE

A

Just above the knee joint

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14
Q

COG for thigh

A

Adductor brevis

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15
Q

COG for leg

A

Popliteus

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16
Q

COG for foot

A

2nd MTT

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17
Q

The area within the points of contact of the body and any object individual relies on for support

A

Base of Support (BOS)

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18
Q

And imaginary vertical line that passes from the COG to the ground or surface the object or person is on.

A

Line of Gravity (LOG)

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19
Q

Line of Gravity for UE

A

Through Odontoid process
Anterior to AO joint
Through Cervical spine
Anterior Thoracic spine
Through Lumbar spine

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20
Q

Line of Gravity for LE

A

Posterior to Hips
Anterior to the knee
Anterior to the ankle

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21
Q

When the LOG is within the BOS

A

Stable

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22
Q

When the LOG falls outside of the BOS

A

Unstable

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23
Q

How to increase stability

A

Larger BOS
Lower COG

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24
Q

Anatomical factors affecting correct posture

A

Bony contours
Laxity of ligamentous structures
Muscle tonus
Pelvic angle
Joint position and mobility

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25
Normal pelvic angle
30 degrees
26
Upper cross body syndrome
Tight upper traps & LS Weak deep neck flexors Weak lower and mid traps & serratus Tight Pecs
27
Lower cross body syndrome
Tight Erector spinae Weak Abdominals Tight Iliopsoas Weak Gluteus Maximus
28
Causes of poor posture
Postural (Positional) factors Structural factors
29
Postural (Positional) factors
Poor postural habits Early growth spurt Muscle imbalance
30
Structural factors
Congenital anomalies Developmental problems Trauma Disease
31
Line or string with weight at the bottom
Plumb
32
Plumb line at the head and neck
Bisects the head the midline into two equal halves
33
Common faults in the head & neck
Lateral tilt Rotation Mandibular asymmetry (CMT)
34
Plumb line at the shoulders
Vertical line bisects the sternum and xiphoid process
35
Common faults in the shoulders
Dropped/Elevated shoulders Clavicle and joint asymmetry
36
Common faults in elbow
Cubitus varus Cubitus valgus
37
Common faults in hip
Anteversion Retroversion
38
Plumb line at the knee
The legs are equidistant from a vertical line through the body.
39
Common faults at the knee
Genu Varum Genu Valgum External Tibial Torsion Internal Tibial Torsion
40
Plumb line at the ankle
In between the two malleoli
41
Common faults at the ankle
Hallux Valgus Hammer toes Claw toes Excessive toe in/out Pes Cavus Pes Planus
42
Plumb line at the lateral head & neck
Falls through the external auditory meatus
43
Common faults at the lateral head & neck
Forward head Flattened lordotic cervical curve Excessive lordotic curve
44
Plumb line at the lateral shoulder
Falls through the acromion process
45
Common fault at the lateral shoulder
Forward or round shoulders
46
Plumb line at the thoracic vertebra
Bisects the chest symmetrically
47
Common faults at the thoracic vertebra
Kyphosis Pectus Carinatum Pectus Excavatum
48
Plumb line at the lateral lumbar vertebra
Falls midway between the abdomen and back slightly anterior to the SIJ.
49
Common faults at the lateral lumbar vertebra
Lordosis Sway back Flat back
50
Plumb line at the pelvis and hip
Slightly anterior to the SIJ
51
Common faults at the pelvis and hip
APT PPT
52
Plumb line at the lateral knee
Line passes slightly anterior to the midline of the knee
53
Common faults at the knee
Genu Recurvatum Flexed knee
54
Plumb line at the posterior head & neck
Bisects the head through the occipital protuberance, head is usually positioned squarely over the shoulders so that the eyes remain level
55
Common faults at the posterior head & neck
Head tilt Head rotated Adducted scapulae Abducted scapulae Winging of the scapulae
56
Plumb line at the posterior trunk
Bisects the spinous processes of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
57
Common faults at the posterior trunk
Lateral deviation (Scoliosis)
58
Plumb line at the posterior pelvis & hip
Bisects the gluteal cleft and PSIS are on the same horizontal plane
59
Common faults at the posterior pelvis & hip
Lateral pelvic tilt Pelvic rotation Abducted hip
60
Plumb line at the posterior knee
Lies equidistant between the knees
61
Common faults at the posterior knee
Genu varum Genu valgum
62
Plumb line at the posterior ankle and foot
Equidistant from the malleoli
63
Common faults at the posterior ankle and foot
Pes planus Pes cavus
64
Tight muscles during flat back
Hamstrings Abdominals Hip extensors Scapular retractors Thoracic erector spinae
65
Weak muscles during flat back
One jointed hip flexors
66
Weak muscles during falt back
One jointed hip flexor Lumbar extensors Local stabilizers Scapular protractors Anterior intercostals
67
Joints commonly affected during flat back
Pelvic joint ST joint
68
Tight muscles during round back
Neck extensors Hip flexors Upper abdominals Intercostals
69
Weak muscles during round back
Neck flexors Upper erector spinae External obliques Thoracic erector spinae Rhomboids
70
Joints commonly affected during round back
ST joint GH joint
71
Tight muscles during scoliosis
Muscles on the concave side Hip adductors on the convex side Foot supinator muscles on the short side
72
Weak muscles during scoliosis
Muscles on the convex side Hip abductors on the concave side
73
Joints affected during scoliosis
Pelvic joints Hip joint Foot joint ST joint GH joint AO joint TMJ

PT Eval Finals (8 decks)

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