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Postural Control Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

What age makes up the infancy stage of development?

A

0-1 year

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2
Q

Neonatal stage of development?

A

O - 2 weeks

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3
Q

Infant Stage of development

A

3 weeks - 1 year

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4
Q

Toddlerhood Stage of development

A

13m - 2y 11 M

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5
Q

Early childhood Stage of development

A

3 years - 10 years, 11 M

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6
Q

Preschool stages development Stage of development

A

3yrs - 5 yrs

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7
Q

Elementary school stages of development

A

5 yrs - 10yr, 11 m

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8
Q

Adolescence stages of development

A

11 yrs - 18 yrs

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9
Q

Young adulthood stages of development

A

18 - 22/25

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10
Q

Adulthood stages of development?

A

22-40yrs

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11
Q

Middle age stages of development?

A

40-65 yrs

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12
Q

Late adulthood pages of development?

A

65+ yrs

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13
Q

Infancy (erikson)

A

0-l yr / trust vs. Mistrust

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14
Q

Early childhood (erikson)

A

1-3 yrs / autonomy vs. shame

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15
Q

Preschool (erikson)

A

3-6 yrs/ Initiative vs. Guilt

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16
Q

School age (erikson)

A

6-12 yrs /industry vs. Inferiority

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17
Q

Adolescence (erikson)

A

12-19 yrs / identity vs, role confusion

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18
Q

Young adult (erikson)

A

20-25 yrs / intimacy vs. Isolation

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19
Q

Middle adulthood (Erikson)

A

26-64yrs / generavity vs. Stagnation

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20
Q

Maturity (erikson)

A

65+/ego integrity vs. Despair

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21
Q

Postural control

A

Controlling body position for stability and orientation

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22
Q

Postural orientation

A

Maintain relationship between segment and body and
Environment

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23
Q

Posture stability (balance)

A

Control COM in relationship to BOS

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24
Q

Center of mass

A

Center of the body mass, average of body segments

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25
Center of mass on Adults
S2
26
Center of mass on child
T12
27
Center of gravity
Vertical projection of COM, changes with environment
28
Center of pressure
Center distribution of total force, sum of all forces on the floor
29
Base of support
Body part in contact with support surface, usually feet
30
Quiet stance
Small postural sways as body moves on BOS
31
Ideal body alignment
Minimizes affects of gravity and maintainence of equilibrium
32
Vertical line of body alignment
Mastoid process, anterior to shoulders, hip joints, anterior to knee joints, anterior to ankle joints
33
Muscle tone
Force to which a muscle resists being lengthened
34
Postural tone
Increase in activity of postural muscles, requires sensory input from multiple systems
35
Limits of stability
Ability to maintain COM W/in BOS, how far before you fall?
36
Stability limits
Change according to the task
37
Balance Considerations
Vision, vestibular, and proprioception
38
3 Types of Postural Control
Steady state, reactive, proactive/anticipatory
39
Steady state control
Non changing, ability to control COM relative to BOS, predictable conditions
40
Reactive Control
Feedback mechanisms, unexpected, response to outside forces, displacing COG and moving BOS
41
Proactive/Anticipatory Control
Feedforward, planned movement, anticipation of intent to move
42
What are the 4 Postural movement strategies?
Ankle strategy, hip strategy, stepping strategy, reach strategy
43
Ankle strategy
Small perturbation, reactive balance training
44
Hip Strategy
Larger, faster perturbation
45
Stepping Strategy
Largest, fastest
46
Reach strategy
Arms engage, similar to stepping strategy
47
Primary Standing Reflex
Newborn to 2 months, accepting weight briefly
48
Automatic walking reflex
Newborn to 2 months, attempting steps
49
Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)
Newborn to 6 months, skull side: flexed arm and leg. Chin side: extended arm and leg
50
Tonic Labyrinth Reflex
Newborn to 6 months. Neck extension: increase extensor tone of extremities Neck flexes: increase in flexor tone of extremities
51
Upper Extremity Parachute
6 to 7 months. Protextion of head, symmetrical arm extension and abduction
52
Anterior Protective Extension
6 to 9 months, hand go in front to catch
53
Lateral protective extension
6 to 9 months, catch on the side
54
Posterior protective extension
9 months, catch from fall backward
55
Newborn developmental changes
Large head, c curve of spine, flexion predominates
56
First 3 months developmental changes
Flexed posture, limb symmetry, increased spine extension, midline orientation, lift head
57
4 to 6 months developmental changes
Lumbar extension, head held up, hands knees position, sitting at 6 months
58
7 to 9 months developmental changes
Quadraped positions, creeping, sitting
59
10 to 12 month developmental changes
Vertical posture, pull to stand, walking
60
2 to 6 years developmental changes
Loss of body fat, gain more balance and flexibility
61
7 to 12 years developmental changes
Improved symmetry, adult skills refined, growth spurt, puberty
62
Adolescence developmental changes : posture control
11 years to 18 years. Ideal posture
63
Adulthood developmental changes: posture control
18 to 40 years. Reduced symmetry, ideal posture
64
Older Adulthood developmental changes
40 plus. Flexed posture, kyphosis, internal shoulder rot, cervical extension, issues with transition movements, less balance and strength

Development (7 decks)

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