posture

Question 1

In the lateral view of standard posture, the gravity line should pass through what structures?

Answer 1

ear lobe
shoulder joint
midway through chest and abdomen
greater trochanter
just anterior to the midline of the knee
just anterior to the lateral malleolus

Question 2

What pelvic alignment should be present for standard posture in the lateral view?

Answer 2

ASIS and pubic symphysis should be in the same vertical plane

Question 3

What are normal postural landmarks in the AP/PA view?

Answer 3

no lateral body sway
level head
level shoulders
even scapulae
no scoliosis
level iliac crest
level gluteal cheeks
no femur rotation
straight tibia
straight feet

Question 4

Factors affecting posture

Answer 4

spinal curves
pelvic tilt
musculature
scoliosis
scapular position
legs and knees
feet
common postural faults

Question 5

Anterior pelvic tilt has what affect on the lumbar?

Answer 5

it increases lumbar lordosis

Question 6

Posterior pelvic tilt has what affect on the lumbar?

Answer 6

it decreases lumbar lordosis

Question 7

What is it called with the ASIS is anterior to the pubic symphysis?

Answer 7

Anterior pelvic tilt

Question 8

What is it called with the ASIS is posterior to the pubic symphysis?

Answer 8

posterior pelvic tilt

Question 9

What affect does hypertonic erector spinae muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 9

• increased lumbar lordosis/extension

- anterior pelvic tilt

Question 10

What affect does hypertonic gluteus maximus muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 10

• decreased lumbar lordosis

- posterior pelvic tilt

Question 11

What affect does hypertonic hamstrings muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 11

• decreased lumbar lordosis

- posterior pelvic tilt

Question 12

What affect does hypertonic abdominal muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 12

• decreased lumbar lordosis

- posterior pelvic tilt

Question 13

What affect does hypertonic iliospoas muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 13

• increased lumbar lordosis

- anterior pelvic tilt

Question 14

What affect does hypertonic tensor fasciae latae muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 14

• increased lumbar lordosis

- anterior pelvic tilt

Question 15

What affect does hypertonic rectus femoris muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 15

• increased lumbar lordosis

- anterior pelvis tilt

Question 16

What affect does hypertonic quadrates lumborum muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 16

• elevates iliac crest

- worsen scoliosis

Question 17

What affect does hypertonic gluteus medius muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 17

• abducts thigh

- depression of ipsilateral iliac crest

Question 18

What affect does hypertonic thigh adductor muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 18

• adduct the thigh

- relative elevation of ipsilateral iliac crest

Question 19

What affect does weak soleus muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 19

• ankle dorsiflexion resulting in knee flexion or forward inclination of the body

Question 20

What affect does weak gastrocnemius muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 20

-hyperextension of the knee

Question 21

What affect does shortened medial rotators muscles of the shoulder have on normal posture?

Answer 21

-palms face posteriorly

Question 22

What affect does weak serratus anterior muscles have on normal posture?

Answer 22

-winging of the scapula

Question 23

What is structural scoliosis?

Answer 23

vertebrae have changes shape to create a curve in the spine. Often referred to as idiopathic

Question 24

What is functional scoliosis?

Answer 24

vertebrae are normal. Curve results from some biomechanics factor and can be straightened

Question 25

The screening test to determine if scoliosis is structural or functional?

Answer 25

Adams test - patient bend forward and if curve remains, scoliosis is structural

Question 26

What would laterally pointed patellae indicate?

Answer 26

Externally rotated femur

Question 27

What would medially pointed patellae indicate?

Answer 27

internally rotated femur

Question 28

What is another name for bowlegs?

Answer 28

Genu varum

Question 29

What is another name for knock-knees?

Answer 29

Genu valgum

Question 30

What features are characteristic of the sway back posture?

Answer 30

increased thoracic flexion increased lumbar flexion posterior tilt and anterior displacement of the pelvis increased extension at the hip

Question 31

What features are characteristic of the kyphosis-lordosis posture?

Answer 31

increased thoracic flexion increased lumbar extension anterior pelvic tilt flexion of the hips

Question 32

What features are characteristic of the flat back posture?

Answer 32

decreased thoracic curve decreased lumbar curve posterior pelvic tilt extension of the hip

Question 33

What features are characteristic of the military posture?

Answer 33

elevated chest increased lumbar curve anterior pelvic tilt