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Grade 10 > Poultry Unit Study Guide, Animal Science > Flashcards

Poultry Unit Study Guide, Animal Science Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Adult female

A

Hen

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2
Q

Young female

A

pullet

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3
Q

Adult male

A

Rooster

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4
Q

Young Male

A

Cockerel

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5
Q

Castrated Male

A

Capon

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6
Q

Newly hatched chick

A

chick

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7
Q

Group of chickens

A

flock

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8
Q

Kingdom

A

Animalia

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9
Q

Phylum

A

Chordata

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10
Q

Class

A

Aves

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11
Q

Order

A

Galliformes

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12
Q

Family

A

Phasiandae

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13
Q

Genus

A

Gallus

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14
Q

Species

A

G. Gallus

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15
Q

Scientific name

A

Gallus Gallus domesticus

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16
Q

what is vertical integration?

A

when a company owns all the steps in the process or supply chain

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17
Q

What are the advantages to both the farmer and the consumer of vertical integration?

A

it maximises profit and produces an efficient product from start to finish

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18
Q

Their responsibility is to develop and reproduce strains of chicken that meet the requirements of chicken producers and processing companies.

A

Primary Breeders

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19
Q

Convert raw materials into finished feel according to very specific formulas developed by poultry nutritionists

A

feed mill

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20
Q

hens and roosters keep under tight security to produce fertile hatching eggs

A

Breeders

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21
Q

a specialized facility designed to hatch fertile eggs received from breeder farms

A

Hatchery

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22
Q

independent farmers who raise them to market weight under contract with the company

A

Grow out farms

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23
Q

harvests the birds by humane standards and are inspected by the USDA for any disease or defects

A

Processing Plants

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24
Q

Specialized operations or plants that receive whole chicken or cut-up parts and perform a variety of further processing steps( cooking, breading, or marinating)

A

Further Processing

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25
Chicken products are transported in refrigerated trucks from processing and flighter processing plants to grocery stores, restaurants, and other customers
Transportation and Marketing
26
What is the difference between a layer and a broiler?
Broilers--> produce meat Layers--> produce eggs
27
Name four characteristics of meat breeds
grow faster and larger, larger breast meat yield, more disease feed conversion, more disease resistance
28
What breed of chicken is most commonly used in the broiler industry?
Cornish Cross
29
list two characteristics of layer breeds
tend to be small bodied, have been genetically selected for high egg productivity
30
How are the color of a chicken's ear lobes and the color of their eggs related?
the color of the ear lobe tells what color the egg will be
31
Name two of the most popular chicken breeds used in layer industry?
white leghorns, Rhode Island Red
32
What is a dual purpose breed?
Chicken that is used for both laying eggs, and producing meat
33
List three benefits of specialization
Good at production, effective, Useful
34
Clutch length
how many days a hen will lay until she takes a break
35
Shell quality
if an egg can stay intact from the hen to transportation
36
sexual maturity
age they are able to reproduce
37
size
depends on size of egg
38
Growth Rate
rate which meat birds grow
39
skeletal development
able to support weight of the muscle
40
Resilience
ability to withstand disease
41
temperament
behave well, don't pick on other birds
42
Skeletal --> what is the function
provides support or structure and protects internal organs
43
How are birds bones different from those of mammals?
they have hollow bones that allow then the fly
44
Respiratory--> what is the function
brings oxygen into the body and converts into carbon dioxide
45
What purpose do the air sacs serve?
when birds inhale, oxygen and goes to air sacs first
46
circulatory--> what is the function
Controls flow of blood throughout the body
47
what are some differences between this system in birds and mammals?
chickens have a closed circulatory system, all blood is in blood vessels
48
integumentary--> what is the function
controlling the body temperature of the chicken
49
Name two anatomical structures of this system in poultry
Feathers, Comb, and Wattle
50
What is the function of the gizzard?
contains the gravel that helps break down food
51
What is the function of the proventriculus?
acts as the stomach for the chicken
52
what is the function of the crop?
stores food
53
which system is the most similar to humans?
Urinary system is closest to humans
54
function of the Amnion
a membrane that surrounds the embryo and protects it from microorganisms
55
function of the allantois
a sack that holds some of the embryo's waste. It is attached to the embryo near the legs
56
function of vitelline membrane
the membrane that surrounds the yolk
57
what does the germinal disc look like on the yolk of a fertilized egg?
white little circle on an egg
58
where is the air cell located and what is its function?
location--> at the large end of the egg function--> to provide air to the chick well growing
59
what is the function of the yolk for the developing embryo?
to provide nutrients to the chick well growing
60
what is the function of the chalazae?
to hold the yolk in the middle of the egg
61
ovary
hold follicles and release ovum
62
follicle
produces an ovum
63
infundibulum
catched the ovum released by the ruptured follicle
64
Magnum
ovum moves to the next step, makes mucin that develops the albumen
65
Isthmus
minerals salts are added and the inner and outer membranes are formed
66
Uterus/ Shell Gland
egg shell is complete, color is also added to the shell here
67
where is the location of fertilization in the hen's reproductive tract?
infundibulum
68
how many days does it take for a chick to hatch?
21 days
69
at what day in the cycle does rapid cell division occur and most body system begin developing?
Day 1
70
at what day in the cycle does the yolk get fully absorbed?
Day 20
71
At what day in the cycle do the feathers begin to appear?
Day 11

Grade 10 (61 decks)

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