Swine unit Study guide animal science

Question 1

act of giving birth

Answer 1

farrowing

Question 2

Group name

Answer 2

Drove

Question 3

intact male

Answer 3

Boar

Question 4

Castrated male

Answer 4

Barrow

Question 5

Mature female

Answer 5

Sow

Question 6

young female

Answer 6

Gilt

Question 7

young

Answer 7

Farrow/ piglet

Question 8

Group of young

Answer 8

litter

Question 9

Kingdom

Answer 9

Animalia

Question 10

Phylum

Answer 10

chordata

Question 11

Class

Answer 11

Mammalia

Question 12

Order

Answer 12

Artiodactyla

Question 13

Family

Answer 13

Suidae

Question 14

Genis

Answer 14

sus

Question 15

Species

Answer 15

S. domesticas

Question 16

Scientific name

Answer 16

Sus scrofa domesticus

Question 17

What country ranks number 1 in the production of hogs? Where does the United States rank in terms of production?

Answer 17

China is number 1st
United states is 3rd

Question 18

In what ways has swine production improved over the last decade?

Answer 18

Genetics, feed production

Question 19

What breeds of swine are maternal? What breeds are paternal?

Answer 19

White breeds are maternal
Darker colored are paternal

Question 20

What is the difference between a maternal and paternal breed?

Answer 20

A maternal is a breed that is bred more for being mothers and raising litters, docile, friendly
A paternal breed is one that is raised mostly for meat and sometimes for production of litters

Question 21

When do male and female pigs reach puberty?

Answer 21

5-8 months of age

Question 22

What is the difference between gestation and parturition? How long is pig gestation?

Answer 22

Gestation → length of pregnancy ( 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days) 114 days
Parturition → the act of giving birth

Question 23

On average, how many piglets will a sow give birth to in a single litter?
How many litters will a sow have in one year?

Answer 23

8 to 12 piglets of average
2 to 3 litters per year

Question 24

What are the indications a sow is about to farrow?

Answer 24

Restlessness
Swelling of vulva
Fullness of udder
Milk letdown
Fluids present from vulva

Question 25

why and when Clip needle teeth

Answer 25

Clipped to prevent biting of littermates or the sows udder Clipped 1-2 days after birth

Question 26

why and when Dip Navel in Iodine

Answer 26

Reduces the risk of infection Cat and dipped immediately after birth

Question 27

why and when dock tails

Answer 27

Prevents tail biting and cannibalism by pen mates and possible infection of tail or spiral cord Docked within the first week

Question 28

why and when castration

Answer 28

Performed on males market hogs to prevent undesirable odor or faint associated with cooked pork form intact males Occurs at weaning (3-4 weeks)

Question 29

why and when iron shot

Answer 29

Given to prevent anemia which can result due to low iron content of milk Given within the first week

Question 30

Ear tattooing

Answer 30

permanent, takes time to put in, can not be read in a distance

Question 31

ear tagging

Answer 31

easy to read, not permanent

Question 32

ear notching

Answer 32

permanent, well known

Question 33

nares

Answer 33

on the nose

Question 34

teeth

Answer 34

helps aid on chewing of food

Question 35

Tongue

Answer 35

muscle covered in mucous membranes with areas used or tasting

Question 36

epiglottis

Answer 36

flexible flap at the larynx. Acts as a switch to allow air into the larynx and food into the esophagus

Question 37

hard palate

Answer 37

roof of mouth with underlying bone, ( roof of mouth with ridges)

Question 38

soft palate

Answer 38

the softer tissue posterior to the hard palate

Question 39

Parotid (saliva gland)

Answer 39

largest of the salivary glands located anterior to the ear

Question 40

SubLingual (saliva gland)

Answer 40

one of the salivary glands, located under the floor of the mouth

Question 41

Mandibular (saliva gland)

Answer 41

located at the base of the jaw

Question 42

pharynx

Answer 42

the open space in the back of mouth beginning at the soft palate and ending at the larynx/esophageal junction

Question 43

larynx

Answer 43

contains the vocal cords; functions in vocalization

Question 44

trachea

Answer 44

(windpipe) transportation air from the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs

Question 45

esophagus

Answer 45

parallels the trachea and is dorsal to it. Carries food from pharynx to the stomach

Question 46

liver

Answer 46

large purplish brown organ. It functions in secreting bile( digests fats)

Question 47

gallbladder

Answer 47

stores and secretes bile. Found under the right lobe of the liver. Usually a green color in pigs

Question 48

stomach

Answer 48

located to the right of the liver, digestion of proteins begins here

Question 49

spleen

Answer 49

a purplish red organ located to the left of the stomach. Long, slender, flat organ. Produces lymphocytes and removes old/damaged red blood cells

Question 50

pancreas

Answer 50

found in duodenal loop of small intestine

Question 51

Duodenum

Answer 51

produces large amount of bicarbonate, receives bile and enzymes (first section of large intestine)

Question 52

jejunum

Answer 52

digestion of protein and carbohydrates in complete here. Adsorption of amino acids and minerals occur ( mid section of of large intestine)

Question 53

Ileum

Answer 53

absorbs bile salts, water, and electrolytes (last section of large intestine)

Question 54

Cecum

Answer 54

blind sac; digestion of residual starch and some cellulose

Question 55

colon

Answer 55

digestion of residual starch and some cellulose; additional water absorption

Question 56

rectum

Answer 56

forms feces

Question 57

Describe the four components of saliva

Answer 57

Water Mucin→ functions in lubrication Bicarbonate→ keeps the mouth pH near neutral Salivary amylase→ enzyme that breaks down starch

Question 58

Injections are measured in what units?

Answer 58

Larger the gauge the smaller the opening

Question 59

Describe the differences between subcutaneous and intramuscular injections

Answer 59

Subcutaneous → under the skin,45 degree angle Intramuscular → into a large muscle, 90 degree angle

Question 60

In the pig, where should the following injections be given/not given?

Answer 60

Subcutaneous → behind the ear on the pig Intramuscular → on the neck of the pig Not on the ham or the lion

Question 61

How can you remove air bubbles from a syringe?

Answer 61

Uo point the syringe upward, flick the syringe, and then push all the air out