Power And Occupation Key Theories/ Concepts Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is instrumental power
Power used to maintain and enforce authority
What is influential power
Power used to influence or persuade others
What is waerings theory on ‘types of power’
Unequal balance of power i.e teacher/student
What is french and raven’s theory on five bases of power
Legitimate, reward, expert, referent and coercive
What are the three types of power in waering’s theory
Personal, social and political power
What is goffmans face theory
Face is the public self-image of a person. It is emotional and social image of ourselves that we present to everyone else
What is browns and levinsons theory on positive and negative face
Negative face - the need to be independent, to have freedom of action and not to be imposed on
Positive face - the need to be accepted, even liked, by others, to be treated as a member of the same group, and to know that his wants are shared by others
What is faircloughs on power in discourse and power behind discourse
Power on discourse - refers to the actual language structures and techniques used to create power in language use
Power behind discourse - taking into account social and ideological reasons why someone might assert power over someone else
What is fairclough’s theory on synthetic personalissation
The process of addressing mass audiences as though they were individuals through inclusive language usage
What are grice’s maxims
Maxim of quantity - speak not too much or too little
Maxim of quality - be truthful
Maxim of relevance - be relevant
Maxim of manner - be clear
What is holmes and Stubbs theory on ‘doing power’
Oppressive discourse strategy - showing power by being direct
Repressive discourse strategy - showing power by being indirect
What is Giles theory on accommodation theory
Convergence - speech moves closer to that of the other person
Divergence - speech moves further away from that of the other person
What is swales theory on discourse communities
‘Groups that have goals or purposes, and use communication to achieve these goals’
1. Agreed she of common public goods
2. Mechanisms of communication
3. Provide information and feedback through mechanisms
4. Utilise and possess one or more genres to further its aims
5. Use specific lexis
What are the different ways that institutional talk differs from normal conversation in drew and heritages theory
- goal orientation
- turn-taking rules of restrictions
- allowable contributions
- proffesional lexis
- structure asymmetry
What is koesters theory on phatic talk
Phatic talk is important in workplace - building relationships and getting jobs done
What is Giles accommodation theory
Convergence - When we use language to resemble that used by those around us
Divergence - when we use language to distance ourselves from others
