Power and the People Flashcards

Question

Social reform other

Answer 1

Role of the individual: Lord Shaftesbury set up the rugged schools Union in 1844 also with Richard ostler put forward the poor Law reform however the poor houses were unpopping with the poor the gave food and shelter for they were like prisons with hard labour. Octavia hill, housing, parks, national trust. Elizabeth fry, prison reform, whom the shelters, school for nurses.

Answer 2

Cause: Role of the individual, MP saddlers investigation into textile factories found children working 10-hour days. Paul working conditions cholera prostitution poverty. Events: Number one role of the individual Titus salt built a model town Solitaire for his workers to live in to improve their conditions. Number two George Cadbury created a model town called bourneville where he is workers had a pension scheme welfare scheme and workers committee in his factory. Number 3 role of the individual Lord Shaftesbury 1833 factory act limiting children's working hours and 1842 Mines act banning women and children from working underground.

Answer 3

Cause: Economic Ideas: workers coming together to protect each other Events: Ideas: friendly societies where workers could they had saving schemes for workers trade societies which were killed of skilled workers and cooperative societies where banks and businesses could protect each other to ensure fair prices and treatment. Communication: the luddite destroyed machines in countryside Mills and the swing writers destroyed threshing machines in factories. Role of the individual: 1830 Robert Owen created the Grand national consolidated trade union half a million members it failed but companies were scared and started forcing workers to sign no Union clauses to get jobs.

Answer 4

Cause: Economy: George Loveless was earning in nine shillings in 1830 now six shillings in 1834. Events: they were supported by the gnctu and George and his Friends set up the friendly society of agricultural labourers in early 1834 aiming to improve wages and working conditions seen as a threat trade unions seem seen as legals they swore oath the Martyrs oath to stand in solidarity which the Home secretary said went against the mutiny act of 1797 which forbids unlawful oaths. Charm trial then seven years transportation to Australia treated like slaves horrific conditions full stop on 21st of April 1834 30,000 people gather at Copenhagen fields to protest. Lord Melbourne hides. Lord Russel provisional pardons, full pardons in 1936. Consequences: Exposed social and economic conditions, foundation for coordinated action. New model unions of skilled workers when larger legitimate asked for higher wages and favored peace over confrontation. 1888 match girls strike and 1889 London dock workers. Labour party created 1893 to represent unions in parliament.

Answer 5

Anti-suffrage: mothers union including Queen Victoria and Florence nightingale and women's cooperative Guild in 1900 with 30,000 members. Role of the individual/Ideas: Mary Woolstonecraft of indication of the rights of women men and women are equal and rational. 1757-1797. Henry Hunt trying to get the 1832 great reform act term changed from male to adult Government: 1870 married women's property act right to control their own income and property 1894 local government act women property owners right to vote in local elections 1912 parliamentary franchise bill resisted by 14 who didn't want to give into violent suffragette action Role of the individual: 1847 to 1929 Millicent fawcett leader of the nu wss who were peaceful had no party support but MP support.

Answer 6

Tactics: Communication: chaining, burning,bombing, rocks, 1910 bombed Lloyd George's house, heckled MPs Response: Labour > conservative, nuwss membership 12000 to 50000 Role of the individual: Emmaline Pinehurst started the wspu in 1903 her daughter christabel Pankhurst was arrested with Annie Kennedy in 1905 for disrupting and liberal meeting and spent seven days in prison. 1872 to 1913 Emily Davison three times head overnight in Westminster nine times in prison 7 hunger strikes force fed 47 times 1913 Epsom Derby jumped in front of kings horse funeral 5,000 suffrageets 50,000 regulars.

Answer 7

1. War: Wspu plus nuwss suspended for war effort and working in World War 1 2. Government: 1918 representation of the people act women 30 plus men 21 plus 1928 equal franchise women 21 plus War: 7.25 million women employed in wheels for two effort. Work: Role of the individual Barbara castle, in 19687 women at Ford's Dagenham factory went on a three-week strike as it was seen as unskilled and paid less than men Barbara castle the first female cabinet minister negotiated a pay rise so they earned 92% of the men's wage. Social: 1967 abortion act 1969 divorce act 1975 employment protection act illegal to sack someone because they are pregnant 1974 birth control pill

Answer 8

Economy: Strong pound and foreign competition meant that the price of coal fell so wages fell by 13% and working hours went from seven to eight. The government subsidized wages and started a commission. Find 1926 800,000 minus were striking and the t u c called a general strike.

Answer 9

TUC: Communication: The British Worker newspaper to remind strikers to stay peaceful Violent strikes derailed flying Scotsman funds set up to help strikers families traveled around Britain to help different picket lines. Government: Communication: The British Gazette edited by Churchill, Stanley Baldwin makes speeches about communist strikes, BBC radio World War 1 emergency power act for army to take jobs on strikers, police attacked picket lines with armored vehicles and machine guns.

Answer 10

1. 13 May 1926, no concessions, longer hours, lower wages, unemployment up Union membership down. 1927 Trade disputes and trade unions act made it illegal for unions to join together and strike. 2. WW2 government working with unions, 1972, 74 coal miners strike brought down government. Role of the individual: 1979 Maggie stockpiles coal, Arthur Scargill leader of miners union saw her as enemy. 1984 closure of unproductive pits, 1985 demands no pit closures and strike. Communities with strikers, Maggie won, TUC marginalized, unions became pressure groups attempting to maintain members rights.

Answer 11

1. MV Windrush 1948 west Indies immigrants. 1950s-70s 1.4 million. 1948 British Nationality Act. 800 million commonwealth citizens right to emigrate. 2. Came to join NHS and rebuild workforce. 3. Difficulty. Labour lost to openly racist Smethwick. Enoch Powell 'rivers of blood' and national front. Housing, exploitative, no council house or mortgage, work colour bar.

Answer 12

1977 Battle of Lewisham national front through South London Racial profiling: 'sus law' and Operation swamp 81 1000 people in 6 days stopped in Brixton to stop street crime Brixton riots: 10th April 1981 Michael Bailey stabbed, young black men arrested 3 days of people Vs police, burning buildings, looting, 300 injured. Scarman report: Met is not institutionally racist but racial prejudice is an offense, sus law dropped and Police Complaints Authority set up. McPherson report: 1993 Stephen Lawrence unprovoked racial murder Government: 1997 labour commission dropping of charges against 2 youths due to campaigning investigation Met police are institutionally racist 'Double jeopardy rule' scrapped, you can be convicted of the same thing twice Recommendations: Police recruit BAME Independent Police Complaints Commission

Answer 13

1962 commonwealth immigrants act only those with government issues vouchers 1971 immigration act restricted primary immigration 1965 race relations board would hear discrimination cases 1968 race relations act illegal to refuse employment or public services 2010 equality act protects against workplace discrimination

Power and the People Flashcards

(37 cards)