Power and the people-medieval

Question 1

who was the king during the magna carta?

Answer 1

king John

Question 2

why were the barons dissatisfied?

Answer 2

worried about invasions from other countries as king john had a poor relationship with the pope
king john had lost a lot of land in France
had to pay scutage
john repeatedly ignored the demands of the great council

Question 3

what is scutage?

Answer 3

a high tax for the barons who didn’t fight when they were asked

Question 4

when was the magna carta signed and where?

Answer 4

1215
Runnymede

Question 5

how many terms did the magna carta have?

Answer 5

63

Question 6

what were some of the demands of the magna carta?

Answer 6

25 barons would watch him
barons should be equal before the law
the king couldn’t raise taxes without their consent

Question 7

what was the cause of the first barons war?

Answer 7

king john backed out of the magna carta saying he had been forced to sign it - the pope agreed and said it was invalid
war started between the barons and the king
barons had French on their side
siege of Rochester castle gave king john the upper hand

Question 8

what were the short term impacts of the magna carta?

Answer 8

king john went back on his word - had no impact immediately
peasants were still not free
only the barons, church and merchants benefited

Question 9

what were the long term impacts of the magna carta?

Answer 9

introduced the idea that the king should have some rules to follow
eventually more people gained freedom
kings after him signed a similar magna carta
first step to Britain becoming a democracy

Question 10

who became the king after king john?

Answer 10

henry III

Question 11

when did henry III begin to rule on his own?

Answer 11

1234

Question 12

what were the religious problems in king henry III reign?

Answer 12

he was a pious king - so had a close relationship with the pope
the pope tried to use him to fight wars in Sicily
he did not pay for the wars so the pope threatened to excommunicate him

Question 13

what issues did King Henry III have with the French?

Answer 13

he had to try and reclaim the land king john (his father) had lost
he had to raise taxes to fund this
he was unsuccessful so sent Simon de Montfort
reports were that he was too harsh so he sent his son Edward

Question 14

who were given positions in court during Henry III’s reign?

Answer 14

henrys French family were given clerical positions
Italian clergy were given top jobs in the church

Question 15

when did simon de montfot call a great council meeting?

Answer 15

1258

Question 16

what was the war that the pope was fighting called?

Answer 16

Papal war

Question 17

what did the provisions of oxford do?

Answer 17

gave the barons power to make decisions without the king
the king could only make decisions with their approval

Question 18

when did king henry reject the provisions of oxford and why?

Answer 18

1261
disagreements among the barons

Question 19

when was the second barons war?

Answer 19

1264

Question 20

what happened during the second barons war?

Answer 20

henry wrote to the pope and asked for his permissions to cancel the provisions - he was back in power

Question 21

Who was Henry IIIs son?

Answer 21

Edward

Question 22

What did king Edward learn?

Answer 22

That he had to negotiate with the barons for taxes to pay for his wars with Scotland and wales

Question 23

What was the short term impacts of Simon deMontfot?

Answer 23

It was the first time the commons were heard
The first time the king wasn’t ruling

Question 24

What was the long term impacts of Simon de Montfort?

Answer 24

Edward I learnt from the events and continued to call parliament to raise taxes
This role continued
However the was no voice for the real commons for hundreds of years
Only in 1688 did parliament gain more control than the monarch

Question 25

When did Simon de Montfort come to power and at what battle?

Answer 25

Battle of lewes 1264

Question 26

What did Simon de Montfort do once he was in power?

Answer 26

Created a council with 9 of his closest friends and allies Reconfirmed the Magna Carta as the provisions of Oxford The barons then were worried he wa becoming too powerful He called a meeting (Great Council) inviting burgesses

Question 27

How did Simon de Montfort lose his power?

Answer 27

The barons were concerned he was gaining too much power so they put their support behind Henry Prince Edward had been released from prison and gained an army Simon was killed at the battle of Evesham

Question 28

What were the 4 causes of the peasants revolt?

Answer 28

Economic Political Religious Social

Question 29

Who was the king during the peasants revolt?

Answer 29

King Richard II

Question 30

What were the economic causes of the peasants revolt?

Answer 30

The Black Death killed a lot of workers - so they could demand higher wages Poll tax was introduced to fight the kings wars in France

Question 31

What were the political causes of the peasants revolt?

Answer 31

People were worried the peasants were becoming too powerful In 1351 the statute of labourers was passed

Question 32

When was the statute of labourers?

Answer 32

1351

Question 33

What was the statute of labourers?

Answer 33

It restricted the movement and wages of the peasants

Question 34

What were the religious causes of the peasants revolt?

Answer 34

John ball ( a priest) had speeches saying everyone was equal and there should be no rich or poor

Question 35

What were the social causes for the peasants revolt?

Answer 35

1/3 of the population was killed in the Black Death Peasants began to move from village to village to look for the best paid jobs Then the statute of labourers was introduced

Question 36

Who was the leader of the peasants revolt?

Answer 36

Wat Tyler

Question 37

Where did the peasants storm?

Answer 37

Rochester castle

Question 38

How does the peasants revolt end?

Answer 38

Wat Tyler meets the king and outlines his demands - the king agrees and asks the peasants to leave They then kill the Archbishop of Canterbury The king meets wat Tyler again but one of his men kills him The peasants leave london

Question 39

What were the short term effects of the peasants revolt?

Answer 39

Their wages bang to rise again - eventually the statute of labourers was withdrawn The poll tax was withdrawn Some peasants could buy their own land as so much was not used

Question 40

What were the long term impacts of the peasants revolt?

Answer 40

They were free 100 years later The poll tax wasn’t used again until 1990 in England