Power Note 10.3

Question 0

is the ability of a trait to be passed down from one
generation to the next.

Answer 0

Heritability

Question 1

The process by which humans change a species by breeding it for certain traits

Answer 1

Artificial selection

Question 2

Another important idea came from English economist Thomas Malthus. Malthus had proposed that resources such as food, water, and shelter were natural limits to population growth.

Answer 2

Struggle for survival

Question 3

is a mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring on average than do other individuals. In nature, the environment is the selective agent.

Answer 3

Naturals selection

Question 4

The heritable differences, or variations, that exist in every population are the basis for natural selection

Answer 4

Variation

Question 5

While having many offspring raises the chance that some will survive, it also results in competition between offspring for resources.

Answer 5

Over productions

Question 6

Sometimes a certain variation allows an individual to survive better than other individuals it competes against in its environment

Answer 6

Adaptation

Question 7

Over time, natural selection will result in
species with adaptations that are well suited for survival and reproduction in an environment.

Answer 7

Descent with modifications

Question 8

is a measure of the ability to survive and produce more offspring relative to other members of the population in a given environment.

Answer 8

Fitness