Powers and Borders 1 Flashcards
(12 cards)
NORMS
- universally accepted standards of behaviours that are within the charter of the UN
eg; atricle 2.4 = all members shall refrain from the threat or use of force against teritorial integrity or political intedependance
INTERVENTION
- occours when norms arent being met
failing to respevt sovreign equality ( eg russia annexing crimea from ukraine )
failing to provide for citizens
eg; article 41 ( economic ) eg: trade embargos
eg : article 42 military intervention, peace keeping, humanitarian aid ( oxfam and wateraid )
GEOPOLITICS
- the way in which geographical factors are centeral in shaping international politics
physical
- oil and resources eg cost prices ( saudi )
- water resources ( cashmere region, china and pakistan )
- minerals
human
workforce - people power
shared ethnicity and culture
understanding the polictical map
boundried
dividing lines between countries
- physical = oceans and mountains
- polictial
understanding the polictical map
events that have shaped the political map
cold war =
stand off beween soviet and west = communist vs capitalist, threats of nucleur attacks from soviet
- many soviet republics declared interdependace
scramble4africa=
europe = industrial and over populated, africa had no government and borders, EU drew lines and claimed different parts of africa
- they failed to take into account large numbers of different ethnic groups
- their fave groups became government, so ethnics would fight eachother and not the eu
STATE definition
- area of land of an independent country, with well defined boundries under a single government
NATION definition
- A large number of people that are united by shared decent, culture and language ( can be a stateless nation or more then one nation in a state )
SOVREIGNTY definition
- absolute authority which government hold over land and people
can be internal ( within a country ) and external ( recognised by other countries )
TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY definition
- how secure, stable and respected a countries borders are
to ensure = army and border control
CONTEMPORY CHALLENEGES TO AUTHORITY
current pollitical boundries to challenege sovreignty
contested territory ( more then one nation claims land )
eg: uk and argentinian claims on falkland lslands
- seperaratism = nation wants to break away from soverign state eg: black crristians in south sudan leave arabs in north
- transnational movement of terrorist and extremist activity = turkey and syria border, smuggling of oil, weapons and military supplies
- contested maritime boundary = disagreement of contro of oceans eg: greenland and russia both claim portion of artic international waters
colonialism = scramble for africa
CASE STUDY
contested territory, russias annexing of crimea from Ukraine
strength and power of ukraine vs uk
military in ukraine = 800,000
vs in uk = 138000
military expenditure in ukraine 4% vs 2.3%
