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Toxicology Semmelweis > PP hehe > Flashcards

PP hehe Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic to lead (Pb) poisoning?

a. Paralysis of the radial nerve
b. Rice water stool
c. Acute renal failure
d. Plantar hyperkeratosis
e. Respiratory insufficiency

A

a. Paralysis of the radial nerve

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2
Q

Which of the following symptoms is NOT typical for mercury (Hg) poisoning?

a. Acute renal failure
b. Microcytic anemia
c. Bloody stool
d. Neuropathy
e. Acrodynia (painful extremities)

A

b. Microcytic anemia

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3
Q

Chronic arsenic (As) poisoning can be detected from:

a. Hair
b. Bone marrow
c. Urine
d. Liver biopsy
e. CT examination

A

a. Hair

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4
Q

Which of the following is NOT characteristic for Arsenic (As) poisoning?

a. Rice water stool
b. Hyperpigmentation
c. Peripheral neuropathy
d. Endarteritis obliterans
e. Methemoglobinemia

A

e. Methemoglobinemia

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5
Q

Which of the following can be applied in alkyl phosphate poisoning?

a. Atropine
b. Dimercaprol
c. NaCa-EDTA
d. Ethanol
e. Na2S2O7

A

a. Atropine

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6
Q

Which of the following mechanisms describe the action of DNOC?

a. Binding to the SH-groups of proteins
b. Detaching oxidative phosphorylation
c. Protein precipitation
d. Methemoglobin formation
e. Inhibition of cytochrome oxidase

A

b. Detaching/discoupling of oxidative phosphorylation

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7
Q

Which of the following chelators can be used in iron poisoning?

a. Deferoxamine
b. Dimercaprol
c. Succimer
d. Co-EDTA
e. D-penicillamine

A

a. Deferoxamine ( acute iron poisoning, inherited/aquired hemochromatosis)
- chelates excess iron
i. m
s. c

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8
Q

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic to CO poisoning?

a. Paralysis of the radial nerve
b. Extreme pupilar constriction
c. Severe headache
d. Bloody stool
e. Methemoglobinemia

A

c. Severe headache

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9
Q

In CO poisoning you have to do EXEPT:

a. Oxygen inhalation
b. Hemodialysis
c. Diazepam injection
d. Corticosteroid or mannitol to prevent cerebral edema
e. Treat acidosis

A

b. Hemodialysis

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10
Q

Which of the following is forbidden in acid-base poisoning?

a. To give milk or water
b. Restore plasma pH
c. To give morphine
d. To provoke emesis
e. Infusion

A

d. To provoke emesis

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11
Q

Which of the following statements describe similarity between oxalic acid and base poisoning?

a. Both cause coagulative necrosis
b. Both cause colliquative necrosis
c. Both may cause tetany
d. Both are nephrotoxic
e. Both are hepatotoxic

A

c. Both may cause tetany

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12
Q

Which of the following permanent damage is typical after surviving methanol intoxication?

a. Uremia
b. Blindness
c. Esophagus stricture
d. Aphasia
e. Bone marrow suppression

A

b. Blindness

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13
Q

Which of the following should be done in ethylene glycol poisoning?

a. Give chelators
b. Oxygen inhalation
c. Give ethanol
d. To make methemoglobin with nitrates
e. To give liver protective drug

A

c. Give ethanol,

fomepizole

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14
Q

Which overdose would you recognize from the following symptoms: Pinpoint pupils,
respiratory depression and coma?

A

Opioids

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15
Q

CCL4 might cause

a. Hepatic damage
b. Kidney damage
c. Blindness
d. Fever

A

a. Hepatic damage

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16
Q

Minimal brain dysfunction is typical in the following intoxication

a. Arsenic
b. Mercury
c. Lead
d. Cyanide

A

A. arsenic

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17
Q

Which toxin in responsible for the hepatotoxicity in mushroom poisoning?

a. Muscarine
b. Muscimol
c. Amanitin
d. Obidoxime

A

c. Amanitin

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18
Q
  1. Which of the following substances cause symptoms similar to acid poisoning?

a. Glycerine
b. Formaldehyde
c. Benzol
d. Parathion

A

b. Formaldehyde

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19
Q
  1. Which of the following substance increases the activity of rhodanese?

a. Na nitrite
b. EDTA
c. Methylene blue
d. Na thiosulphate
e. Dimercaprol

A

d. Na thiosulphate

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20
Q

Which of the following substances may cause methemoglobinemia?

a. Mercury
b. Cyanide
c. Lead
d. Amyl nitrite
e. DNP

A

d. Amyl nitrite

methemoglobinemia Treatment with methylene blue

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21
Q

What is the symptom of chronic arsenic intoxication?

a. Diarrhea
b. Blindness
c. Peripheral vascular disease
d. Hematemesis

A

c. Peripheral vascular disease

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22
Q

Which of the following is characteristic symptom of chronic arsenic poisoning?

a. Diarrhea
b. Blindness
c. Peripheral neuropathy
d. Gingivostomatitis
e. Hyperventilation

A

c. Peripheral neuropathy

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23
Q

Which of the following symptoms is typical for acid poisoning?

a. Coagulative necrosis
b. Liquefactive necrosis
c. Encephalopathy
d. Tetany
e. Hepatitis

A

a. Coagulative necrosis

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24
Q

Which of the following mechanisms describe the action of cyanide poisoning?

a. Inhibition of cellular respiration
b. Inducing anemia
c. Formation of methemoglobinemia
d. Coagulative necrosis
e. Binding to the hemoglobin

A

a. Inhibition of cellular respiration

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25
Q

Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment of cyanide poisoning?

a. Dimercaprol or other chelators
b. Only symptomatic treatment
c. To create methemoglobin with NaNO2, then give Na2s2O7
d. Morphine-atropine combination
e. To vitamin B12

A

c. To create methemoglobin with NaNO2, then give Na2s2O7

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26
Q

Which of the following statements is true about Amanita falloides poisoning?

a. The poisoning has 2 phases
b. Symptoms start within 1-2 hours
c. It is characterized by strong parasympathomimetic effects
d. Hallucinations appear
e. Symptoms are similar to atropine poisoning

A

a. The poisoning has 2 phases

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27
Q

Mechanism of nerve gases

a. Inhibition of Krebs cycle
b. Mucosa irritant
c. Bone marrow suppressive
d. Irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
e. Inhibitors of cytochrome oxidase

A

d. Irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

28
Q

Which of the following symptoms is NOT characteristic to organophosphate poisoning?

a. Muscle rigidity
b. Vomiting
c. Bronchoconstriction
d. Salivation
e. Hypotension

A

a. Muscle rigidity

29
Q
  1. What is the most severe complication of chronic benzene poisoning?

a. Severe bone marrow suppression
b. Hypertension
c. Diabetes mellitus
d. Chronic heart failure
e. Alzheimer ́s disease

A

a. Severe bone marrow suppression

30
Q

Which of the following cholinesterase inhibitors may antagonize the CNS symptoms of atropine poisoning?

a. Neostigmine
b. Distigmine
c. Pyridostigmine
d. Physostigmine
e. Edrophonium

A

d. Physostigmine

31
Q

Which of the following symptoms is typical in botulism, EXCEPT:

a. Maintained consciousness
b. Muscle paralysis
c. Double vision
d. Intestinal paralysis
e. Epileptiform seizures

A

e. Epileptiform seizures

32
Q

What is the symptom of acute mercury intoxication?

a. Tremor
b. Ataxia
c. Oliguric kidney failure
d. Anorexia

A

c. Oliguric kidney failure

33
Q

What is the antidote of methanol?

a. Ethanol
b. EDTA
c. Activated charcoal
d. Deferoxamine

A

a. Ethanol

34
Q
  1. Which one is a chelator from the following substances?

a. Pralidoxime
b. Succimer
c. Naloxone
d. Succinylcholine

A

b. Succimer

35
Q

Therapy of acid intoxicated person might be:

a. Gastric lavage
b. Oral NaHCO3
c. Induction of emesis
d. I.V NaHCO3

A

d. I.V NaHCO3

36
Q

Which of the following substances can cause blindness?

a. Mercury
b. Arsenic
c. Ethylene glycol
d. Formic acid

A

a. Mercury

ethylene glycol in some , formic acid also cause blindness
Arsenic- night blindness

37
Q

What is the antidote of irreversible acetylcholinesterase blockers?

a. Physostigmine
b. Pralidoxime
c. Parathion
d. Carbachol

A

b. Pralidoxime

38
Q

The symptoms of atropine overdose can be:

a. Diarrhea
b. Increased salivation
c. Fever
d. Bradycardia

A

c. Fever

39
Q
  1. Which of the following chelators CANNOT be given orally? Wrong q?

a. Succimer
b. EDTA
c. Dimercaprol
d. Deferoxamine

A

c. Dimercaprol (oily liquid must be given parenterally)

  1. Arsenic and
  2. inorganic Mercury poisoning
  3. combined w/EDTA for Leading poisoning
40
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT characteristic to CO poisoning?

a. Formation of COHb is irreversible
b. NaHCO3 can be given if necessary
c. Mannitol can be given if necessary
d. Symptoms of poisoning are headache, dizziness, acidosis
e. 60% COHb is lethal

A

a. Formation of COHb is irreversible

41
Q
  1. Which of the following poisonings may induce hepatotoxicity?

a. Methanol
b. CCL4
c. Methyl mercury
d. Mushrooms containing toxic alkaloids
e. Acid

A

b. CCL4

42
Q
  1. Which of the following statements is NOT true for cyanide poisoning?

a. It is characterized by asphyxia
b. It is characterized by hyperventilation
c. Its antidote is methylene blue
d. Cyanide binds to the trivalent iron
e. In the body cyanide is transformed to rodanate (SCN)

A

E. In the body cyanide is transformed to rodanate (SCN)

43
Q

Which of the following states is true for intoxication with Amanita phalloides?

a. It is characterized with severe liver- and kidney damage
b. Its therapy is atropine
c. Symptoms mat appear within 2-3 hours
d. Its lethality is not very high
e. Its first symptom is hypoxia

A

a. It is characterized with severe liver- and kidney damage

44
Q
  1. Which of the following states in NOT true?

a. Gastric lavage is contraindicated in case of base intoxication
b. Arsenic intoxication results in severe diarrhea
c. 20% methemoglobin concentration in the blood is lethal
d. Mercury poisoning has to be treated with dimercaprol
e. Methyl mercury may result in mental retardation following prenatal exposure

A

c. 20% methemoglobin concentration in the blood is lethal

45
Q
  1. Which of the following is dithiol chelator?

a. Deferoxamine
b. NaCa-EDTA
c. Succimer
d. Naloxone
e. Methylene blue

A

c. Succimer, (dimercaprol, unithiol,penicillamine)

NOTE: polydentate chelators: EDTA, deferoxamine, deferasirox, deferiprone.

46
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of DNP intoxication?

a. Fever
b. Lung edema
c. Hypertension
d. Cyanosis

A

c. Hypertension

47
Q
  1. Which of the following states is NOT true?

a. Lead poisoning can cause gout
b. Lead poisoning can cause constipation
c. Lead poisoning can result in obesity
d. Lead poisoning

A

c. Lead poisoning can result in obesity

48
Q
  1. Which of the followings can be applied in organophosphate poisoning?

a. Physostigmine
b. Atropine
c. Ethanol
d. Fomepizole
e. Naloxone

A

a. Atropine in large doses to control muscrinic excess, pralidoxime used to regenerate AchE

(note physostigmine used for reversal of severe atropine overdose I.V )

49
Q

What is the antidote of benzodiazepines?

a. Naloxone
b. Physostigmine
c. Acetylcysteine
d. Flumazenil

A

d. Flumazenil

50
Q
  1. Which of the following drugs cause similar symptoms to acid poisoning?

a. Phenol
b. Ethylene glycol
c. Benzene
d. Dinitro phenol
e. Carbon tetrachloride

A

a. Phenol

51
Q

Forbidden in acid base therapy?

A
  • Forbidden to neutralize
52
Q

Characteristic for Lead poisoning?

A
  • Microcytic anemia with basophilic stippling
    Plumbism - range of toxic syndromes de to chronic lead poisoning that may vary as a function of blood or tissue levels and patient age
53
Q

Question of toxin NOT present in snake poison

A

Here are all the toxins:

  • Neurotoxic peptides
  • Cholinesterase inhibitors
  • Cardiotoxins
  • Components enhancing blood coagulation
  • Proteins inhibiting coagulation
  • Ingredients having local analgesic/anesthetic effect

present: neurotoxins, hemotoxins, cardiotoxins, cytotoxins, and myotoxins

54
Q

Which of the following does not induce acute hypoxia?

a. Chlorates
b. Cyanide
c. Nitrites
d. CO
e. Benzene

A

c. Nitrites

55
Q

Botulism- What is wrong:

A

Neostigmine is not given

56
Q

What is a symptom for gasoline intoxication?

A

Bradycardia

57
Q

What is true

A

elementary mercury via inhalation

58
Q

Which % symptoms of CO appear? collapse? death?

A

In carbon monoxide poisoning;
o 15% may produce symptoms
o 40% lead to collapse
o 60% to death

59
Q

What is not used for cyanide intoxication

A

Thionine

60
Q

What is not a symptom of chronic lead intoxication

A

Erethism

( plumbism is for in chronic lead intoxication)

(erethism= syndrome resulting from mercury poisoning characterised by insomnia, memory loss, excitability, delerium)

61
Q

What is correct about mushroom muscarina?

A

Contains toxic alkaloids

62
Q

What is not correct about acid and base intoxication?

A

You give sodium bicarbonate for base

63
Q

Antidotes of:

a. Benzodiazepines –
b. Methanol -
c. Organophosphates - (cholinesterase inhibitor)
d. Atropine -
e. ethylene glycol

A

Antidotes of:

a. Benzodiazepines – flumazenil
b. Methanol- ethanol, fomepizole
c. Organophosphates- O2 and atropine and pralidoxime, decontaminate

d. Atropine- airway lavage and activated charcoal
physostigmine- reversal of atropine overdose I.V

e. ethylene glycol- ethanol, fomepizole (better tolerated)

64
Q

Which of the following drugs does not cause methenoglobinemia?

a. Al… (cant read)
b. Potassium perchlorate
c. Gasoline
d. Methylene blue
e. Sodium nitrate

A

a. Al… (cant read)
b. Potassium perchlorate-
c. Gasoline ( maybe)
d. Methylene blue -
e. Sodium nitrate-

65
Q

antidote for opiod overdose

A

naloxone

Toxicology Semmelweis (20 decks)

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