PP3 Flashcards
(25 cards)
cluster headache characteristics
daily (in clusters) over weeks
eye symptoms
trigeminal neuralgia characteristics
brush teeth, shaving, sharp stabbing pain, last seconds
trigeminal neuralgia associated with
multiple sclerosis
what is ramsay hunt syndrome
reactivation of VZV in genticulate ganglion of facial nerve –> facial nerve palsy, altered taste, dry eyes, ear rash
Ischaemic Collitis, IBD, IBS, Coeliac, Gastroenteritis triad + more specific
Bloating, diarrhoea, urgency (rush to toilet) - young person Ischaemic Collitis (elderly) + IBD = bloody diarrhoea Coeliac = steatorrhoea + dermatitis herpetiformis (rash on elbows - extra GI) Gastroenteritis = acute not long symptoms
Investigations of Coeliac disease
1st line: Serology Abs = tissue transglutaminase, anti-endomysial, anti-gliadin abs
GOLD: OGD + duodenal biopsy = subtotal villous atrophy with crypt hyperlasia
what can be: Stones, Bones, Abdo groans, Thrones (polyuria, constipation), Pyschic moans due to?
Hypercalcaemia
Which may be due multiple myeloma (CRAB)
Microscopy of multiple myeloma
rouleaux formation
Microscopy of myelofibrosis
dacrocytes (tear)
Microscopy of Chronic Lymphoid Leukaemia
Smear/ smudge cells
Microscopy of myelodysplastic syndrome
granulocytes with absent granulation + hypersegmented nuclei
Feverish traveller CONDITIONS
TB, malaria, Viral hepititis, gastroenteritis
TB triad
productive cough and haemoptysis
erythema nodosum
lupus valgaris
Investigations of TB
1st line: sputum for acid fast bacillI using Ziehl-Neelsen stain
GOLD: sputum sample (take 6 wks)
CXR = upper lobe consolidation + bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
Mantoux test = cannot differ active + latent TB
Investigations of Pancreatitis
1st line = Transabdo USS
CT = staging/ MRCP if renal insufficiency coz IV contrast
ERCP = only if have gallstones
what is seen with Increase in ICP
Cushing’s reflex = high BP, bradycardia, irregular breathing
What is seen in Impaired R ventricular filling (constrictive pericarditis, restrive cardiomyopathy)
Kussmaul sign = increase in JVP with inspiration
Triad for cardiac tamponade
Beck’s triad = increase in JVP, muffled heart sounds, decrease BP
Cause of malaria
Protazoan = plasmodium (P.falciparum) –> bite of female anopheles mosquito –>infect RBC and replicate inside
symptoms of malaria
Diagnosis of malaria
cyclical shiver/ chills –> fever/sweating
microscope blood film = thin (preserve parasites - identify specific), thick (quantify)
Use of atropine
increase HR
Tx Heart block
Use of Adenosine
Stop SVT
Varicocele cause
dilation of pampniform plexus = LHS
scrotum = bag of worms, reducible infertility
What can you not get above
injuinal hernia
