PPE

Question 1

when is the risk of acquiring a health care associated infections (HAI) higher (6)

Answer 1

more contact with providers
more intense and invasive care
higher comorbid burden
older age
poor immunity status
comprimised nutritional status

Question 2

what is the definition of an infection

Answer 2

invasion of susceptible host tissue by pathogens or microorganisms that result in disease

Question 3

what is a communicable disease

Answer 3

infectious process that can be readily transmitted from one person to another

Question 4

what are the three types of HAI? what are the definitons?

Answer 4

latrogenic
endogenous
exogenous

Question 5

an infection has _______

Answer 5

symptoms due to failure of bodily defense

Question 6

what is colonization

Answer 6

presence and growth of micro organisms within a host without tissue invasion or damage

Question 7

what are the modes of transmission of HAI (6)

Answer 7

droplets
blood / body fluids
feces / urine
vectors
equipement and medical devices
healthcare provider’s hands

Question 8

of the common modes, which are direct vs indirect?

Answer 8

direct = urine / feces, droplets, healthcare providers hands

indirect - equipment and medical devices

Question 9

what are the defenses against infections (6)

Answer 9

intact skin
intact mucosa of nose and mouth
limited use of broad-spectrum antibiotics
intact blinking mechanisms of eye
normal urine acidity and flow
nortmal acidity of stomach lining

Question 10

how long is the lifespan of organisms in droplets?

Answer 10

6 feet

Question 11

health care professionals are the _____________________

Answer 11

vital link in infection prevention in the chain of infection

Question 12

what is the best practice policy

Answer 12

hand hygiene

Question 13

what are the 5 moments of hand hygiene?

Answer 13

before / after patient
during visit after cleaning septic procedure
during visit after body fluid procedure
after touching patient during visit
direct contact with patient’s belongings

Question 14

what is required in isolation precautions?

Answer 14

standard, airborne, droplet, and contact precautions

Question 15

who are standard precautions applicable to? what are “standard” precautions?

Answer 15

all patients

hand hygiene before and after
gloves
gown
mask
no artificial nails

Question 16

who are the airborne precautions applicable to?

Answer 16

patients with airborne infections that are placed in an Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR)

Question 17

what are the airborne precuations?

Answer 17

respiratory mask
isolation gown
gloves

Question 18

how does one fit test a respiratory mask?

Answer 18

hood over top, concentrated vapor sprayed
if smelt, not on properly

Question 19

what size are the nuclei in droplet vs airborne precautions?

Answer 19

droplet = >5 microns
airborne = <5 microns

Question 20

what is the droplet precaution PPE?

Answer 20

mask
eyeshield
gown
gloves

Question 21

what are the feet requirements with one who has droplet precautions?

Answer 21

within 5 feet is danger zone
in room with curtain = > 3 feet
no curtain = >6 feet

Question 22

what is considered to be droplets?

Answer 22

close mucous or respiratroy droplet contact that can be spread via sneezing coughing or talking

Question 23

when would contact precautions be applicable?

Answer 23

prevention of spread via direct or indirect contact with patient, patient’s belongings or surrounding surfaces

Question 24

what are the contact precautions?

Answer 24

gloves = must
gown = commonly worn

Question 25

steps to putting on ppe

Answer 25

identify / gather ppe
perform hand hygiene
isolation gown (tie on)
mask (hold cup of mask and put on attachment strings then seal check)
face shield / goggles
hand hygeine
gloves wrapped over wrists of gown

Question 26

what is latrogenic

Answer 26

during a procedure

Question 27

what is endogenous

Answer 27

overgrowth of a patient’s flora

Question 28

what is exogeneous

Answer 28

resulting from an organism outside of the patient