PPE 5

Question 1

sets minimum blending requirements for diesel
with biodiesel at 1% within 1 year and 2% within 2 years.

Answer 1

Biofuels Act of 2006

Question 2

Under the new guidelines outlined in DC No. 2024-05-0014, downstream oil
industry participants are required to implement a

Answer 2

3% coco methyl ester
(CME) blend in all diesel fuel sold nationwide,

Question 3

used for biodiesel production must be mixed with the catalyst
before adding the oil.

Answer 3

alcohol

Question 4

The alcohol used for biodiesel production must be

Answer 4

mixed with the catalyst
before adding the oil.

Question 5

The mixture is stirred until the catalyst is completely
dissolved in the alcohol. It must be noted that the alcohol must be water-free

Answer 5

(anhydrous) for

Question 6

are among the most widely used basic
catalysts.

Answer 6

Sodium and potassium hydroxides

Question 7

For production on an industrial scale,

Answer 7

potassium
methoxides

Question 8

process may be carried out at different
temperatures. For the same reaction time, the conversion is greater at
higher temperatures.

Answer 8

transesterification

Question 9

the temperature for transesterification at atmospheric pressure
is usually in the range between

Answer 9

50 and 60 C.

Question 10

The separation of reaction products takes place by decantation: the mixture
of

Answer 10

fatty acids methyl esters (FAME)