PPP

Question 1

What is another name for the Pentose phosphate Pathway (PPP)?

Answer 1

Hexose monophosphate pathway, shunt.

Question 2

What is the location of PPP?

Answer 2

Cytoplasm/cytosol

Question 3

Is ATP produced or consumed in the PPP?

Answer 3

No, none is used or produced

Question 4

What is the key regulatory enzyme for the hexose monophosphate pathway?

Answer 4

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Question 5

What are reactants for Glucose 6 Phosphate dehydrogenase

Answer 5

Glucose-6-phosphate, NADP+

Question 6

What are the products for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase?

Answer 6

NADPH, 6-phosphoglucono - Lactone

Question 7

Most potent simulator for G-6-P DH?

Answer 7

Need for NADPH

Question 8

6-PHOSPHOGLUCONATE (NADP+) ——->

Answer 8

RIBOSE-5-PHOSPHATE

Question 9

NADPH is an electron donor during what 4 things?

Answer 9

Reductive biosynthesis
Respiratory burst
Detoxification
Regeneration of antioxidants (free radical elimination)

Question 10

Anything that consumes NADPH…..

Answer 10

Stimulates the PPP

Question 11

Reductive biosynthesis- NADPH is an electron donor for what things?

Answer 11

Building fatty acids
Building cholesterol
Building steroid hormones and bile salts

(Reducing POWER)

Question 12

Detoxification is used to do what? Via?

Answer 12

Make toxins water soluble for excretion via p450 monooxgenase system

Question 13

What is the location of Cytochrome P-450

Answer 13

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

Question 14

What is added to the toxin making it more water soluble ?

Answer 14

Electrons and oxygen. The electrons are taken from NADPH

Question 15

Respiratory bursts create what?

Answer 15

“Harsh chemistry”

White blood cell takes in more oxygen. Creating a reactive molecule which is used to kill the bacteria

Question 16

In harsh chemistry what produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) ?

Answer 16

Superoxide dismutase *****

Question 17

What is the enzyme that makes hypochlorous acid (HCIO) from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) ?

Answer 17

Myeloperoxide ***

Question 18

Reactive molecules are inactivated by what? What “quenches them”

Answer 18

Antioxidants give electrons to the free radical/reactive species to quench them

Question 19

What happens to the antioxidant when free radicals are quenched?

Answer 19

It gets oxidized

Question 20

When antioxidants reducing power is restored (regenerated) they are being

Answer 20

Reduced

Question 21

What is the location of SOD (superoxide dismutase)

Answer 21

Extradcellular, cytoplasm, mitochondria.

Question 22

What are the cofactors for superoxide dismutase

Answer 22

Zinc, copper, manganese

Question 23

What is the location of catalase

Answer 23

Peroxisomes

Question 24

What is the cofactor for catalase

Answer 24

It is iron dependent

Question 25

Catalase is used to eliminate (quench) hydrogen peroxide, what has lots of catalase ?

Answer 25

Neutrophils

Question 26

Glutathione peroxidase (GXP) is dependent on what?

Answer 26

Selenium (t.q)

Question 27

Glutathione is an tripeptide of?

Answer 27

Glutamate-cystine-Glycine ***

Question 28

2GSH (reduced) --------->GSSG (oxidized) | ?

Answer 28

GXP

Question 29

Catalase is more active that glutathione peroxidase?

Answer 29

FALSE!!!!!!!

Question 30

Glutathione regeneration GSSG-----------------------2GSH ?

Answer 30

Glutathione reductase

Question 31

What are the uses for ribose?

Answer 31

``` Builds: ATP Coenzyme A FAD NADPH, NADH DNA RNA ```

Question 32

Anything that consumes ribose.........

Answer 32

Stimulates PPP

Question 33

What the the purines for DNA and RNA

Answer 33

Guanine and adenine

Question 34

What are the pyrimidines for DNA?

Answer 34

Thymine and Cytosine

Question 35

What are the pyrimidines for RNA?

Answer 35

Uracil and cytosine

Question 36

A base and a sugar =

Answer 36

Nucleoside

Question 37

A base + sugar + phosphate =

Answer 37

Nucleotide

Question 38

What enzyme is the link between Glycolysis and PPP?

Answer 38

Transketolases, Trasaldolases

Question 39

What are the reversible steps of the PPP

Answer 39

G-3-P, F-6-P

Question 40

What two steps of the PPP produces NADPH

Answer 40

``` Dehydrogenation (of G-6-P) Oxidative decarboxylation (produces ribulose-5-phosphate) ```