ppt 2

Question 1

organization, establishment,
foundation, society, or the
like devoted to the
promotion of a particular
cause or program, especially
one of a public, educational,
or charitable character

Answer 1

institution

Question 2

An organization or entity that is
created, controlled or funded by the
government. The primary purpose is
to serve the public interest.

Answer 2

state institution

Question 3

• the political administration of a country or state
• organization or institution that creates and executes laws and policies in a society.

Answer 3

government

Question 4

a way of governing which depends on the will of the
people. (“power of the people”)

Answer 4

democracy

Question 5

• a form government in which power is held by nobility

Answer 5

aristocracy

Question 6

a form of government in which one ruler has absolute
control and decision-making power

Answer 6

autocracy

Question 7

a small group of people having control of a country,
organization, or institution.

Answer 7

oligarchy

Question 8

• rule by a single person who inherits power. Power can
  be absolute or limited.

Answer 8

monarchy

Question 9

a form of society without rulers. (absence of government,
state of lawlessness)

Answer 9

anarchy

Question 10

a way of governing that values order and control
over personal freedom. (usually headed by a dictator)

Answer 10

authoritarian

Question 11

• a government where people shared work fairly and were paid equally.

Answer 11

communist

Question 12

• where a government can exercise its power.
• An organized political community acting under a government and united by common set of laws.
• It uses absolute power in the directing the path of a society.

Answer 12

state

Question 13

defined as the organized way in
which power is allocated and decisions are made within society

Answer 13

political structure or institution

Question 14

It is comprised of the President and the Vice President who are chosen by direct popular vote and fulfill a term of six years. The Constitution grants the President authority to appoint his Cabinet. These departments form a large portion of the country’s bureaucracy

Answer 14

executive branch

Question 15

Article VII, Section 1, of the 1987 Constitution vests executive power on the ___ of the Philippines. The ____ is the Head of State and Head of Government, and functions as the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. As chief executive, the ____ exercises control over all the executive department, bureaus, and offices.

Answer 15

president

Question 16

• According the constitution the ___ may concurrently assume a cabinet position should the President of the Philippines offer the former one
• Aside from the cabinet post, the ____ is mandated to assume the presidency in case of the death, disability, or resignation of the incumbent President.

Answer 16

vice president

Question 17

• act as the alter ego of the President executing, with his authority, the power of the Office of the President in their respective departments
• They possess power to issue directives relative to their department, such as department orders.
• acts as advisor to the president

Answer 17

cabinet sec

Question 18

Local government units have the power to create its own sources of revenue and to levy taxes, fees, and charges that shall accrue exclusively to them

Answer 18

local gov

Question 19

According to the 1987 Constitution, legislative power shall be vested in the Congress of the Philippines, which will consist of a Senate and a House of Representative.

Answer 19

legislative branch

Question 20

responsible for making enabling laws to make sure the spirit of the constitution is upheld in the country and, at times amend, or change the constitution itself. In order to craft laws, the legislative body comes out with two main documents; bills and resolution

Answer 20

congress

Question 21

power rests with the supreme court and lower court. its duty is to settle controversies involving rights which are legally demandable and enforceable. this branch determines whether there has been a grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack of jurisdiction on their part and instrumentality of the govt

Answer 21

judicial branch

Question 22

• the capacity of a
  person to influence others and alter their actions, beliefs, and behaviors.
• a personal trait, i.e. an acquired ability (knowledge and expertise)
• is the capacity to realize desired
  ends despite opposition from others

Answer 22

power

Question 23

• the legitimate power that a person or group is granted to practice over others within an organization.
• the formal and often legal right that a person holds to make decisions and give commands to others.

Answer 23

authority

Question 24

• comes from the personal charisma, strength, and charm of an individual’s personality.
• extraordinary personal skills that inspire devotion and obedience are used to legitimize power.
• based on virtue, tradition, or statue

Answer 24

charismatic authority

Question 25

-The legitimacy of ___ comes from traditions and customs. Weber describes this system as the “authority of the eternal yesterday”. - In this form of domination, subordinates accept the type of authority. They refrain from challenging the traditional rights of a powerful group or individual.

Answer 25

traditional authority

Question 26

Also known as bureaucratic authority or legal authority; legally created rules and regulations are used to legitimize power. With this type of authority, an individual or ruling group exerts power based on legal office.

Answer 26

rational-legal authority

Question 27

an enduring organization, practice, or relationship created by individuals to handle and cope with basic economic dilemmas

Answer 27

economic institution

Question 28

transaction between 2 socially equal parties having the same status with regards to values of good services

Answer 28

reciprocity

Question 29

a form of transaction which utilizes gestures that expresses personal relationships rather than economic transactions

Answer 29

generalized reciprocity

Question 30

the giver is expected to gain something in return although it does not have to be given instantly

Answer 30

balanced reciprocity

Question 31

this transaction is being practiced using deceiving ways to gain profit. Individuals try to gain as much as conceivable while paying the least amount possible

Answer 31

negative reprocity

Question 32

Position held by an individual in society

Answer 32

social status

Question 33

are resources considered valuable by societies. These resources may be tangible or intangible.

Answer 33

social desirables

Question 34

● how the members of the society are divided into hierarchies ● implies that one class is above or below other social strata ● Social stratification is the classification of people into socioeconomic class, based upon their occupation and income, wealth and social status

Answer 34

social stratification

Question 35

▪ It pertains to the movement of a person or group from one social status to another. ▪ It refers to changes of individuals, families, households, or other categories of people within or between social class in a society. ▪ It is a change in social status relative to one's current social location within a given society

Answer 35

social mobility

Question 36

This happen when a person changes their occupation, but their overall social standing remains unchanged. (An example is a lower middle-class woman who became a teacher but stayed in her social class)

Answer 36

horizontal mobility

Question 37

It is a change in the occupational, political, or religious status of a person that causes a change in their societal position. A person or social object moves from one social class to another. (An example is from being a farmer to a city mayor)

Answer 37

vertical mobility

Question 38

It is when a person moves from a lower position in society to a higher one. It can also include people occupying higher positions in the same societal group. However, ___, while seen as a good thing, can also come at a cost for individuals

Answer 38

upward mobility

Question 39

It takes place when a person moves from a higher position in society to a lower one. It happen when someone is caught performing a wrongful act that can result in the loss of the position they currently hold.

Answer 39

downward mobilty

Question 40

This happen when the social position changes from one generation to another. The change can be upward or downward.

Answer 40

inter-generational mobility

Question 41

Change in societal position occurs during the lifespan of a single generation. It can also refer to a change in position between siblings. One way is when a person climbs up the corporate ladder in their career.

Answer 41

intra-generational mobility