PR

Question 1

begins with curiosity of a certain phenomenon

Answer 1

Research

Question 2

Research involves _ and requires a _ of investigation

Answer 2

scientific process, systematic procedure

Question 3

Research requires the researchers to study the data _

Answer 3

Objectively

Question 4

_ and _ drawn from research are based on a carefully well-planned systematic inquiry

Answer 4

Principles and conclusions

Question 5

can be a systematic extension of common sense but involves a thorough and objective study of observable events.

Answer 5

Science

Question 6

is not subjected to established principles and to a systematic inquiry, it may just be an initial step to test a theory in a systematic investigation.

Answer 6

Common Sense

Question 7

Characteristics of research

Answer 7

1. Accuracy
2. Objectiveness
   3,. TIMELINESS
3. RELEVANCE
4. CLARITY
5. SYSTEMATIC

Question 8

Four different types of sources in obtaining knowledge in research

Answer 8

1. Knowledge as belief
2. Knowledge as authority
3. A prior knowledge
4. Empirical knowledge

Question 9

conclusions are not based on empirical investigation but on common sense

Answer 9

Knowledge as belief

Question 10

conclusions become acceptable since they come from a source regarded as educated judgment or on the basis of authority

Answer 10

Knowledge as authority

Question 11

resembles belief but usually based on systematic investigation

Answer 11

A prior knowledge

Question 12

comes as a result of empirical study which goes through a thorough observation and experiment

Answer 12

Empirical knowledge

Question 13

is directed towards development of scientific knowledge rather than practical application

Answer 13

Basic of pure research

Question 14

considered as an action research directed towards practical application of scientific knowledge.

Answer 14

Applied research

Question 15

is directed towards materials development gained from practical knowledge or experience

Answer 15

Practical research

Question 16

gathers facts w/o identifying the theories, focusing about describing the problems, then making or gathering a theory that describes the problem. No statistical tool is used.

Answer 16

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Question 17

uses statistics and pattern theories such as identifying of variables, building of theories before gathering of data, from which further interpretation can be inferred with.

Answer 17

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

Question 18

Qualitative and quantitative ver of: purpose of research

Answer 18

Qualitative - Describe and understand human behavior

Quantitative - test hypothesis; provide descriptive
information

Question 19

Qualitative and quantitative ver of: types of research questions

Answer 19

Qualitative - why and what
Quantitative - how many and who

Question 20

Qualitative and quantitative ver of: Assumptions about the world

Answer 20

Qualitative - subjective interpretation
Quantitative - objective reality

Question 21

Qualitative and quantitative ver of: Role of researcher

Answer 21

Qualitative - key role: reflective
Quantitative - outside of the system: neutral

Question 22

Qualitative and quantitative ver of: Selection of group

Answer 22

Qualitative - Purposeful sampling, snowball sampling; volunteers
Quantitative - Random or stratified sampling

Question 23

Qualitative and quantitative ver of: Variables

Answer 23

Qualitative - Study of the whole rather than specific variables
Quantitative - A few variables studied; some manipulated; some controlled

Question 24

Qualitative and quantitative ver of: Types of data collected

Answer 24

Qualitative - Interview; observational; visual
Quantitative - Outcome; scores

Question 25

Qualitative and quantitative ver of: Type of analysis

Answer 25

Qualitative - thematic or narrative Quantitative - statistical

Question 26

Qualitative and quantitative ver of: Presentation format

Answer 26

Qualitative - Experimental format—may include alternatives such as performance Quantitative - traditional format

Question 27

begins with an assumption, a worldview, the possible use of a theoretical lens, and the study of research problems inquiring into the meaning individuals or groups ascribe to a social or human problem.

Answer 27

Qualitative research

Question 28

qualitative researchers tend to collect data in the field at the site where participants’ experience the issue or problem under study.

Answer 28

Nature Setting

Question 29

Qualitative researchers collect data through themselves through examining documents, observing behavior, and interviewing participants.

Answer 29

Researcher as Key Instrument

Question 30

researchers typically gather multiple forms of data, such as interviews, observations, and documents, rather than rely on a single data source.

Answer 30

Multiple Sources of Data-

Question 31

researchers build their patterns, involves researchers working back and forth between the themes and the database until they establish a comprehensive set of themes.

Answer 31

Inductive Data Analysis-

Question 32

researchers keep a focus on learning the meaning that the participants hold about the problem or issue, not the meaning that the researchers bring to the research or writers from the literatures.

Answer 32

Participant's Meanings

Question 33

means that the initial plan for research cannot be tightly prescribed, and that all phases of the process may change or shift

Answer 33

Emergent Design

Question 34

researchers often use lens to view their studies, such as the concept of culture. Sometimes, the study may be organized around identifying the social, political, or historical context of the problem under study.

Answer 34

Theoretical Lens

Question 35

a form of inquiry in which researchers make an interpretation of what they see, hear, and understand.

Answer 35

Interpretive Inquiry

Question 36

this involves reporting multiple perspectives, identifying the many factors involved in a situation, and generally sketching the larger picture that emerges

Answer 36

Holistic Account

Question 37

Exploring the life of an individual

Answer 37

Biographical Narrative

Question 38

Understanding the essence of the experience

Answer 38

Phenomenology

Question 39

Developing a theory grounded in data from the field

Answer 39

Grounded Theory

Question 40

Describing and interpreting a culture-sharing group

Answer 40

Ethnography

Question 41

Developing an in-depth description and analysis of a case or multiple cases

Answer 41

Case Study -

Question 42

it is a study of “naturally occurring discourse” it can range from conversation t public events to existing documents”

Answer 42

Discourse/Conversation Analysis

Question 43

The research process

Answer 43

Problem/objectives Theoretical lens/Conceptual framework Hypotheses Research Design Data Collection Data Processing and Analysis Conclusion, Recommendation/Implication