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TRI 2 - MSK > Practical 1 Special tests > Flashcards

Practical 1 Special tests Flashcards

1
Q

Explain Neer’s Impingement

A
  • indicates external impingement, supraspinatus tendinopathy
  • could also indicate ligaments or bursa or tendon crossing joint
  • internal rotation and passive flexion while supporting scapula
  • positive is pain
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2
Q

Explain Neer’s Impingement

A
  • indicates external impingement, supraspinatus tendinopathy
  • could also indicate ligaments or bursa or tendon crossing joint
  • internal rotation and passive flexion while supporting scapula
  • positive - pain
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3
Q

Explain Hawkins kennedy test

A
  • indicates external impingement, supraspinatus tendinopathy
  • could also indicate ligaments or bursa or tendon crossing joint
  • 90 flexion shoulder and elbow, passive internal rotation
  • positive - pain
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4
Q

Explain the supraspinatus empty can shoulder test (jobe)

A
  • looking for supraspinatus tear
    2 part test
  • shoulder in abduction with thumb up, resistance
  • scapular plane with thumb down, resistance
  • positive - pain or inability to hold
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5
Q

Explain the lift off sign test

A
  • looking for subscapularis tear
    2 part test
  • place hand on lower back with palm facing out, then ask patient to lift off
  • if successful add resistance to hand and distal forearm
  • positive - pain or unable to lift off
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6
Q

Explain the drop arm or codman test

A
  • tests for supraspinatus tear
  • passive ABD 90 neutral hand
  • let go and ask the patient to slowly lower the hand, keep hand just below to catch just in case
  • positive if pain or lots of compensation
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7
Q

Explain yergason’s test

A
  • tests long head of biceps or transverse humeral ligament
  • 90 elbow flexion, pronated
  • ER and supination with resistance and palpation of bicipital groove
  • positive, pain in bicipital groove or subluxation of long head tendon
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8
Q

Explain the load and shift test

A
  • laxity in the anterior or posterior direction of the GH joint
  • if the humerus is drooped out of the GH capsule it will need to be loaded back in
  • then stabilize the AC and move the humerus anterior and posterior
  • positive - pain, clicking, apprehension, excessive movement
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9
Q

Explain the anterior apprehension test (crank)

A
  • tests for anterior laxity or instability
  • supine, passive 90 ABD then ER
  • positive is pain or apprehension or excessive ER
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10
Q

Explain the posterior apprehension test

A
  • tests for posterior laxity or instability
  • supine, passive 90 flexion and flex elbow over the body 90, then 10 ADD with pressing through the humerus then internally rotate
  • positive is pain, apprehension
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11
Q

Explain the scapular assistance test

A
  • tests for weakness in upward rotators
  • patient actively elevates the shoulder, asses pain and height
  • patient actively elevates the arm with passive scapular assistance of UR, ER and posterior tilt via the inferior angle and hand over acromion
  • look for less pain or higher ROM
  • indicates weakness in upward rotators
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12
Q

Scapular retraction test

A
  • tests for weakness in retractors
  • retract the scapula
  • positive is less pain or higher ROM
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13
Q

Explain the lateral scapular slide test

A
  • tests for weakness or injury in scapular stabilizers
  • 3 positions
  • arms at side
  • hands on hips
  • 90 ABD thumbs down
  • positive is difference bilaterally of more than 1.5 cm between inferior angle and closest spinous process, further scapula is problematic
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14
Q

Explain Watrenberg’s sign-elbow

A
  • Tests ulnar nerve entrapment
  • passive abduction of all fingers, active adduction
  • unable to adduct pinky finger
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15
Q

Explain the Pinch Grip-Elbow test

A
  • tests anterior interosseous nerve
  • ask patient to pinch fingers
  • positive it pad to pad,
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16
Q

Explain the Froment’s-Elbow test

A
  • Ulnar nerve to adductor pollicis
  • hold paper over fist with thumb
  • positive - therapist can take paper, excessive IP flexion
17
Q

Explain the valgus and varus stress test

A
  • MCL or LCL laxity
  • Valgus - stabilize humerus pull out
  • Varus - stabilize humerus, pull in
  • pain and/or laxity
18
Q

Explain the moving valgus test

A
  • MCL injury
  • 90 shoulder flexion, full elbow flexion, external rotation, push elbow in pull wrist out to create valgus stress
  • excessive mobility and or pain
19
Q

Explain Cozen’s elbow test

A
  • lateral epicondalgia
  • thumb on lateral
    epicondyle, wrist extension and radial deviation against resistance
  • positive - pain underneath thumb contact
20
Q

Explain MIlls elbow

A
  • lateral epicondalgia
  • passive test, extended elbow, forced wrist flexion
  • positive - pain under thumb on lateral epicondyle
21
Q

Explain Tinel’s elbow test

A
  • peripheral nerve injury, irritation or repair
  • tap for 30 sec to 1 min with finger
  • Ulnar nerve at cubital tunnel
  • ulnar nerve in guillans canal
  • superficial radial nerve in anatomical snuffbox
  • median nerve at carpal tunnel
  • positive - tingling or numbness distant to contact at relevant distribution
22
Q

Spurling A and B

A
  • Tests for cervical nerve root irritation
  • A sidebendign only with pressure towards affected side
  • B sidebendign rotation and extension
  • Positive - pain
23
Q

Abduction test

A
  • Radicular arm pain
  • place hand on head
  • positive - ease of symptoms
24
Q

Neck traction vs distraction

A
  • Cervical radiculopathy
  • Distraction - laying down - pull from just occiput support forehead
  • Traction - standing - cradle head pull up
  • Positive - reduction of symptoms
25
Q

Explain Finkelsteins test

A
  • tests for Quervain’s tenosynovitis
  • support patient’s hand, thumb to palm, grip thumb, ulnar deviation
  • pain over anatomical snuff box, APL, EPB
26
Q

Explain Bunnell Littler’s test

A
  • tests PIP flexion limitation
  • MCP flexion then DIP flexion, if same capsular, if more
  • assess lmiting tissue
27
Q

Explain Phalen’s test

A
  • tests compression median nerve entrapment
  • back of hands together
  • involved side presents as tingling and numbness distal to carpal tunnel to first 3.5 fingers
28
Q

Explain reverse Phalen’s test

A
  • tests traction of the median nerve
  • palms together
  • involved side presents as tingling and numbness distal to carpal tunnel to first 3.5 fingers
29
Q

Explain Allen’s test

A
  • test for vascular capacity of radial and ulnar arteries
  • occlude both arteries of the wrist and have patient make a fist 4 times
  • positive - dissimilar delayed return poor vasculature
30
Q

Explain the Supination Lift test

A
  • tests for TFCC lesion
  • have patent curl up the end of a table
  • positive - pain around TFCC area on ulnar side
31
Q

Explain the TFCC load test

A
  • tests for TFCC lesion
  • thumb in palm, load wrist, ulnar deviation, then extension and flexion or supination pronation
  • positive - pain around TFCC

TRI 2 - MSK (3 decks)

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