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PSIO201 > Practical 4 > Flashcards

Practical 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Location and function of Meissners Coruscles

A

Dermal papillae of hairless skin

Touch and pressure

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2
Q

Location and function of the hair root plexus

A

Surrounds hair follicles

Touching hair

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3
Q

Location and function of pacinian corpuscles

A

Subcutaneous tissue, joints, tendons, muscles

Touch and pressure

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4
Q

Location and function of merkels discs

A

Merkel cells in stratum basale layer of epidermis

Touch and pressure

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5
Q

Location and function of Ruffinins corpuscles

A

Dermis, ligaments, and tendons

Stretching digits and limbs

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6
Q

Location and function of muscles spindles

A

Skeletal muscles

Changes in muscle lengths

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7
Q

Location and function of tendon organs

A

Junction of tendons and muscles

Responds to changes in joint position

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8
Q

Location and function of warm receptors

A

Dermis

Thermoreceptor between 32 and 48 c

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9
Q

Cold receptors

A

Stratum basale of epidermis

Thermoreceptor

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10
Q

Location and function of nociceptors

A

Every body tissue

Pain receptor

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11
Q

What is the CT that surrounds the whole nerve?

A

Epineurium

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12
Q

What is the CT that surrounds each fascicle?

A

Perineurium

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13
Q

What CT covers myelinated and unmyelinated axons?

A

Endoneurium

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14
Q

Plexus

A

Spinal nerves form a braided network of nerves

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15
Q

What muscles does the axillary nerve innervate?

A

Deltoid

Teres minor

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16
Q

What muscles does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

A

Brachialis

Biceps brachii

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17
Q

What muscles do the radial nerve innervate?

A

Triceps brachii

Brachioradialis

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18
Q

What muscles do the median nerve innervate?

A

Palmaris longus

Pronator teres

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19
Q

What muscles does the ulnar nerve innervate?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus

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20
Q

What nerves originate from the brachial plexus

A 
Axillary
Musculocutaneous
Radial
Median
Ulnar
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21
Q

What nerves originate from the lumbar plexus

A

Femoral

Obturator

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22
Q

What muscles does the femoral nerve innervate?

A

Vastus lateralis

Vastus medialis

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23
Q

What muscles does the obturator nerve innervate?

A

Adductor longus

Adductor brevis

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24
Q

What nerves originate from the sacral plexus?

A

Sciatic
Tibial
Common fibular

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25
What muscles does the sciatic nerve innervate?
Biceps femoris | Semimembranosus
26
What muscles does the tibial nerve innervate?
Gastrocnemius | Soleus
27
What muscles do the common fibular nerve innervate?
Fibularis longus | Tibialis anterior
28
Reflex
rapid, involuntary motor response from an environmental stimuli
29
If we are unaware of a reflex it is most likely...
autonomic
30
Cranial reflex
reflex is integrated at the level of the brain via the cranial nerves
31
spinal reflex
reflex is integrated at the level of the spinal cord via the spinal nerves
32
Monosynaptic reflec
Direct communication between the sensory and motor neuron
33
polysynaptic reflex
Interneuron facilitates sensory-motor communication
34
What cell maintains an environment around neurons, keeps neurons in place, and forms the blood-brain barrier?
astrocytes
35
Which cells forms a myelin sheath around axons in the CNS with its many processes.
Oligodendrocytes
36
Which cell engulfs invading microbes, debris, and necrotic tissue?
microglia
37
What cell forms and circulates CSF
ependymal
38
What cell lines the 4 ventricles of the brain and the central canal
ependymal
39
Which cell supports PNS neurons and regulates their chemical environments?
satellite
40
What cells cover sensory neuron cell bodies?
satellite
41
Which cell forms a myelin sheath on axons in the PNS
schwann
42
Which cell creates ONE section of myelin sheath by wrapping around itself?
Schwann
43
What changes with the myelination of an axon?
The speed of transmission
44
White matter consists of primarily...
myelinated axons
45
Gray matter primarily consists of nervous tissue with ...
little of no myelination
46
Medulla oblongata
Respiratory and cardiovascular control | Reflexes involving coughing , vomiting, and sneezing
47
Pons
Relays information to diencephalon. | Respiratory centers aid the medulla oblongata
48
Midbrain
``` Vision Hearing Motor control Sleep Arousal Temperature ```
49
Superior colliculi
Reflex centers involved in visual stimuli (sensory tract)
50
Inferior colliculi
Reflex centers involved in auditory stimuli resulting in head and trunk movements (motor tract)
51
The pair of superior and inferior colliculi together are referred to as...
the corpora quadrigemina
52
The two cerebellar hemispheres are joined together by an area called the...
vermis
53
The cerebellar cortex consists of gray matter in folds called...
folia
54
Tracts of white matter in the cerebellum
arbor vitae
55
Functions of the thalamus
Relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex Motor functions Maintenance of consciousness, emotion, learning, and memory
56
Functions of the hypothalamus
57
what cranial nerve is related to smell?
I olfactory
58
what cranial nerve is connected to sight
II optic
59
what cranial nerve moves the eye and pupil?
III oculomotor
60
What two cranial nerves move the eye
IV trochlear | VI abducens
61
what cranial nerve is related to face sensation?
V trigeminal
62
What cranial nerve moves the face and salivates?
VII facial
63
What cranial nerve is related to hearing and balance?
VIII vestibulocochlear
64
Which cranial nerve is related to taste and swallow?
IX glossopharyngeal
65
Which cranial nerve is related to heart rate and digestion?
X vagus
66
What cranial nerve moves the head?
XI accessory
67
what cranial nerve moves the tongue?
XII hypoglossal
68
What is a test that can be done on visual acuity?
Snellen eye chart
69
Refractive errors
vision problems where the eye cannot focus light on the retina properly causing blurry vision
70
Myopia
nearsightedness | eyeball is too long
71
hyperopia
farsightedness | eyeball is too short
72
Astigmatism
irregular shape of cornea
73
what is a type of refractive error
astigmatism
74
Conduction deafness
decreased ability to conduct energy of sound waves through the ear
75
sensorineural deafness
damage to hearing receptors, cochlear branch of vestibulocochlear nerve, or neural pathways to the auditory cortex
76
two causes of conduction deafness
infection | earwax build up
77
two causes of sensorineural deafness
auditory nerve damage | aging
78
The weber test determines...
unilateral deafness
79
The rinne test determines
conduction deafness

PSIO201 (6 decks)

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