practical endocrinology 1 Flashcards
Who is the editor of this publication?
Peter Igaz
Where is the 2nd Department of Internal Medicine located?
Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
What is the ISBN of this publication?
978-3-030-62010-3
Which organization is the publisher of this book?
Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Which organization is the publisher of this book?
Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Which organization is the publisher of this book?
Springer Nature Switzerland AG
What are the seven parts of the book?
Diseases of the Pituitary and the Hypothalamus, Diseases of the Thyroid, Diseases of the Parathyroid and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Diseases of the Adrenal, Diseases of the Gonads, Neuroendocrine Tumors and Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes, and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes.
Describe Prolactinoma.
Prolactinoma is a disease of the pituitary gland characterized by the excessive production of the hormone prolactin, leading to symptoms such as irregular menstrual periods, infertility, and milk production in non-pregnant individuals.
Describe Prolactinoma.
Prolactinoma is a disease of the pituitary gland characterized by the excessive production of the hormone prolactin, leading to symptoms such as irregular menstrual periods, infertility, and milk production in non-pregnant individuals.
Describe Prolactinoma.
Prolactinoma is a disease of the pituitary gland characterized by the excessive production of the hormone prolactin, leading to symptoms such as irregular menstrual periods, infertility, and milk production in non-pregnant individuals.
What is Acromegaly?
Acromegaly is a disorder caused by the overproduction of growth hormone in adults, resulting in the enlargement of bones and tissues, particularly in the hands, feet, and face.
Define Cushing’s Disease.
Cushing’s Disease is a condition caused by the excessive production of cortisol hormone by the adrenal glands, leading to symptoms such as weight gain, high blood pressure, and thinning of the skin.
Describe Non-functioning Pituitary Adenoma.
Non-functioning Pituitary Adenoma refers to a type of pituitary tumor that does not produce excess hormones, often causing symptoms due to its size and compression of surrounding structures.
What is Craniopharyngioma?
Craniopharyngioma is a rare type of brain tumor that develops near the pituitary gland and can cause various symptoms depending on its size and location, including vision problems and hormonal imbalances.
Describe the difference between hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, resulting in low levels of thyroid hormones. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, leading to hypothyroidism.
What is Graves’ disease and how does it relate to hyperthyroidism?
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes overactivity of the thyroid gland, resulting in hyperthyroidism. It is characterized by the production of autoantibodies that stimulate the thyroid gland to produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormones.
Define thyroid storm.
Thyroid storm is a life-threatening condition characterized by a sudden and severe exacerbation of symptoms in individuals with hyperthyroidism. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment to prevent organ failure and death.
Describe endocrine orbitopathy.
Endocrine orbitopathy, also known as Graves’ ophthalmopathy, is an autoimmune condition associated with Graves’ disease. It causes inflammation and swelling of the tissues around the eyes, leading to symptoms such as bulging eyes, double vision, and eye pain.
What are the common characteristics of differentiated thyroid cancer?
Differentiated thyroid cancer refers to a group of cancers that arise from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It is typically slow-growing and has a high cure rate. The common types include papillary and follicular thyroid cancer.
Describe hypoparathyroidism.
Hypoparathyroidism is a condition characterized by insufficient production of parathyroid hormone, leading to low levels of calcium in the blood and high levels of phosphate. Symptoms may include muscle cramps, tingling or numbness in the extremities, and seizures.
Describe hypoparathyroidism.
Hypoparathyroidism is a condition characterized by insufficient production of parathyroid hormone, leading to low levels of calcium in the blood and high levels of phosphate. Symptoms may include muscle cramps, tingling or numbness in the extremities, and seizures.
Describe hypoparathyroidism.
Hypoparathyroidism is a condition characterized by insufficient production of parathyroid hormone, leading to low levels of calcium in the blood and high levels of phosphate. Symptoms may include muscle cramps, tingling or numbness in the extremities, and seizures.
Define osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone density and quality, making the bones more fragile and prone to fractures. It is often associated with aging and hormonal changes, particularly in postmenopausal women.
What is adrenal incidentaloma?
Adrenal incidentaloma refers to the incidental discovery of a tumor in the adrenal gland during imaging tests performed for unrelated reasons. These tumors are usually non-functioning and benign, but further evaluation is necessary to rule out malignancy or hormone overproduction.