PRACTICE

Question 1

Blood travels to and from the lungs through which circuit?

Answer 1

Pulmonary circuit

Question 2

Arterial blood is ____ in systemic circuit, and ________ in pulmonary circuit

Answer 2

oxygenated, deoxygenated

Question 3

Which of the following factors contribute to the filtration of tissues in capillaries?

Answer 3

Both hydrostatic and oncotic pressures

Question 4

Which factors contribute to the movement of fluid between capillaries and surrounding
tissues?

Answer 4

Both high arterial hydrostatic pressure and low venous pressure

Question 5

When there is a high concentration of CO2 in the blood, precapillary sphincters ____, and
when there is low concentration they _____

Answer 5

open, close

Question 6

Which blood vessels are primarily innervated by the sympathetic nervous system and capable
of vasoconstriction?

Answer 6

Arteries only

Question 7

Which artery primarily vascularizes the brain and sense organs within the head?

Answer 7

Internal carotid artery

Question 8

Which artery is NOT part of the Circle of Willis and has the highest occurrence of ischemic
stroke?

Answer 8

Middle cerebral artery

Question 9

Which structure contains baroreceptors sensitive to changes in arterial pressure?

Answer 9

Carotid sinus

Question 10

Which feature of the venous system helps prevent backflow of blood?

Answer 10

Presence of valves

Question 11

Which portal system diverts blood from the gastrointestinal organs to the liver?

Answer 11

Hepatic portal system

Question 12

What condition is characterized by high blood pressure in the portal vein, potentially leading
to the shunting of blood away from the hepatic portal system?

Answer 12

Portal hypertension

Question 13

What structures are included in the lymphatic system, which collects surplus tissue fluid
(lymph) and plays a role in immune activity?

Answer 13

Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, thymus

Question 14

Which of the following are not functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 14

platelet and leukocyte regulation

Question 15

Through which vessels does lymph reenter the venous circulatory system?

Answer 15

Right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct

Question 16

Which of the following are types of lymphocytes?

Answer 16

T-cells, B cells, NK cells

Question 17

Of the following, which cell type is primarily responsible for directly attacking and killing
infected cells and cancer cells?

Answer 17

NK cells

Question 18

Which lymphatic structure filters lymph before it reaches the venous circulation?

Answer 18

Lymph nodes

Question 19

What is the function of the spleen in the lymphatic system?

Answer 19

Monitoring blood for pathogens and digesting debris

Question 20

Where is the pulmonary semilunar valve located?

Answer 20

Pulmonary trunk and right ventricle

Question 21

What structure within the atrial wall closes following birth?

Answer 21

Foramen ovale

Question 22

What is the primary function of the myocardium?

Answer 22

Contraction

Question 23

Function/features of the coronary arteries?

Answer 23

To supply the myocardium and epicardium

Question 24

At 5 weeks, the________ is the only arterial exit

Answer 24

Truncus arterioris

Question 25

After how many weeks do the aorta and pulmonary trunk begin to separate

Answer 25

6 weeks

Question 26

Which segmental arteries become the central arteries of the upper and lower limbs (subclavian and common iliac)

Answer 26

7th cervical and 5th lumbar

Question 27

Which aortic arch never really develops in humans

Answer 27

5

Question 28

Which aortic arches form the small arteries in the head

Answer 28

1 and #2

Question 29

The right dorsal artery becomes the

Answer 29

subclavian artery

Question 30

Which aortic arch disappears eventually

Answer 30

Right 6th

Question 31

Which arch becomes the aorta

Answer 31

Left 4th arch

Question 32

Which aortic arch becomes the ductus arteriosus

Answer 32

Left 6th

Question 33

The truncus arteriosus splits to become the base of the

Answer 33

aorta and pulmonary trunk

Question 34

A wide patent ductus in a 6 month old is an

Answer 34

abnormal patent ductus

Question 35

A thinner patent ductus arteriosus in a 6 month old is

Answer 35

normal

Question 36

The truncus arteriosus becomes what vessels in the adult?

Answer 36

Aorta and pulmonary trunk

Question 37

The ductus arteriosus redirects blood to teh aorta from the

Answer 37

Pulmonary trunk