PRACTICE Flashcards
Blood travels to and from the lungs through which circuit?
Pulmonary circuit
Arterial blood is ____ in systemic circuit, and ________ in pulmonary circuit
oxygenated, deoxygenated
Which of the following factors contribute to the filtration of tissues in capillaries?
Both hydrostatic and oncotic pressures
Which factors contribute to the movement of fluid between capillaries and surrounding
tissues?
Both high arterial hydrostatic pressure and low venous pressure
When there is a high concentration of CO2 in the blood, precapillary sphincters ____, and
when there is low concentration they _____
open, close
Which blood vessels are primarily innervated by the sympathetic nervous system and capable
of vasoconstriction?
Arteries only
Which artery primarily vascularizes the brain and sense organs within the head?
Internal carotid artery
Which artery is NOT part of the Circle of Willis and has the highest occurrence of ischemic
stroke?
Middle cerebral artery
Which structure contains baroreceptors sensitive to changes in arterial pressure?
Carotid sinus
Which feature of the venous system helps prevent backflow of blood?
Presence of valves
Which portal system diverts blood from the gastrointestinal organs to the liver?
Hepatic portal system
What condition is characterized by high blood pressure in the portal vein, potentially leading
to the shunting of blood away from the hepatic portal system?
Portal hypertension
What structures are included in the lymphatic system, which collects surplus tissue fluid
(lymph) and plays a role in immune activity?
Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, thymus
Which of the following are not functions of the lymphatic system?
platelet and leukocyte regulation
Through which vessels does lymph reenter the venous circulatory system?
Right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct
Which of the following are types of lymphocytes?
T-cells, B cells, NK cells
Of the following, which cell type is primarily responsible for directly attacking and killing
infected cells and cancer cells?
NK cells
Which lymphatic structure filters lymph before it reaches the venous circulation?
Lymph nodes
What is the function of the spleen in the lymphatic system?
Monitoring blood for pathogens and digesting debris
Where is the pulmonary semilunar valve located?
Pulmonary trunk and right ventricle
What structure within the atrial wall closes following birth?
Foramen ovale
What is the primary function of the myocardium?
Contraction
Function/features of the coronary arteries?
To supply the myocardium and epicardium
At 5 weeks, the________ is the only arterial exit
Truncus arterioris
