Practice exam Flashcards
Jules strikes those around her as being very odd. She smears lipstick across her cheeks and often hops on every third step when she walks. These examples of ______indicate the possibility that Jules suffers from schizophrenia.
Derailment
In the debate on whether there can be “successful” psychopaths, one theory argues that which combination may lead to success?
boldness without disinhibition
Jessmine suffers from a personality disorder that is described by her clinician as “ego-syntonic.” What does this mean?
She is comfortable with her own (probably bad) personality traits and behaviours
disyntonic - is when behaviour is not in harmony with self perspective
What kind of treatments have been found to be as good as, if not better than, medication for dealing with a variety of anxiety disorders?
CBT
Which of the following personality traits has been found to predict important life outcomes, such as job success, health, and longevity?
conscientiousness
Adolescents’ emotions are most strongly tied to their ______.
self- esteem
The ______model describes how financial difficulties are associated with parents’ depressed moods, which can cause problems with their children’s adjustment.
Family Stress
Countries with a(n) ______ economy usually have a population with an emerging adulthood life stage.
developed
Which of the BIG 5 personality dimensions is most associated with being a cause of positive feelings?
high levels of extroversion
Which component of the Triarchic model of psychopathology focuses on dominance, emotional resiliency, and assuredness?
boldness
When Melvin calls his older brother and asks him how things are going, the response he often gets is, “Things are pretty good in my world!” This answer most relates to which type of happiness?
Life satisfaction
According to McAdams and Cox (2010), the two factors that serve as the main currency of the self as a social actor are ______ and roles.
traits
Researchers study social relationships using different methods such as objective, subjective, and ______ measures.
correlational
What is the best way to describe the relationship between the personality traits in the Five-Factor Model?
The traits are relatively independent. A high score on one trait tells little about a score on another trait.
According to Erik Erickson, the most important conflict in adolescence involves what?
identity formation
One reason why relationships relate to good health is that they help reduce ______.
stress
In order to be formally diagnosed with a major depressive episode, symptoms must be present for a minimum of ______and cause significant distress.
2 weeks
______value refers to a neuropsychological measure of an outcome’s affective importance to an organism.
intrinsic
Identify the most accurate statement about one’s intelligence quotient (IQ).
It ranks an individual’s intellectual ability against that of other people.
Lee is writing an essay on ______vulnerabilities to anxiety disorders. He will spend his time researching early experiences and how they impact one’s view of the world around them.
psychological
Shavonne is a very optimistic person. She tends to see the good in situations, and others say she is “perpetually pleasant.” This is an example of a ______happiness process.
top-down
Since Julie is the 3rd grade bully, she has few friends. She most likely has a(n) ______ attachment pattern.
avoidant
Which of the following statements is the most accurate regarding the Five-Factor Model of personality?
There are few personality traits that are outside of the model.
Most of those attending an anti-war rally left with an even stronger view on gun control due to the concept:
group polarization
The best term to describe the personality factor that would be the opposite of Agreeableness in the Five Factor Model is ______.
antagonism
When emerging adults explore different identities, they develop an understanding of who they are, what their beliefs are, and how they ______.
fit into society
What is one of the problems that McAdams—a noted authority on the psychology of the self—has raised about the prevalence of redemptive narratives in American culture?
They lead people to believe that suffering will always be redeemed.
How can emotions help with thinking?
Emotions facilitate memory of past events that match one’s current emotional state.
What is the biggest advantage of cognitive behavioral therapy for people with psychological difficulties?
The abundance of empirical support for its effectiveness.
Neshama is only 4 years old, and her grandmother says to her, “Sweetheart, tell me something about yourself!” Which of the following is Neshama likely to say at her age?
I have long brown hair
“If you can’t change the circumstance, change how you feel about the circumstance.” This short saying is a summary of the process of ______coping.
emotion-focused
The fact that people have different amounts of various personality traits rather than simply having “all” or “none” of it reflects the ______ of such traits.
continuous distribution
Some brain mechanisms that regulate sexual behavior are similar in males and females, but one distinctly female characteristic is that brain areas important for sexuality overlap extensively with those brain areas connected to ______.
nurturance
Which of the following parts of the brain normally activate when important, aka “salient,” events happen? (These areas may under-perform in those with schizophrenia.)
the ventral striatum and the anterior prefrontal cortex.
