Practice Exam Flashcards

(26 cards)

1
Q

Physiology is the science of

A

The normal functioning of the body

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2
Q

The ____ is called the basic unit of life.

A

Cell

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3
Q

The integumentary system is made up of

A

The skin and the accessory organs providing external support and protection

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4
Q

The lymphatic system contains organs like

A

The spleen, thymus, lymph node and tonsils

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5
Q

The process in which food is broken down into nutrients that the body can use is called

A

Catabolism

Catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with the release of energy.
(Destructive metabolism)

On the other hand, anabolism is the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms from simpler ones together with the storage of energy.
(Constructive metabolism)

Metabolism is the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life

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6
Q

Using anatomical positions, the stomach would be described as

A

Anterior

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7
Q

The anatomical position that means closer to the midline of the body is

A

Medial

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8
Q

The heart is contained in which of the following body cavities

A

Thoracic

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9
Q

The pericardial cavity is located within which of the following body cavities?

A

Thoracic

Pericardial = heart

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10
Q

The _____ is the smallest unit of any living or nonliving thing

A

Atom

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11
Q

A molecule is also called a

A

Element

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12
Q

When and electrolyte is put into a solution it releases an

A

Ion

Substances that give ions when dissolved in water are called electrolytes.
They can be divided into acids bases and salts, because they all give ions when dissolved in water

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13
Q

The combination of two or more substances is called a

A

Mixture

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14
Q

A substance that releases hydrogen ions in a solution is called an

A

Acid

If a solution contains more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions, it is said to be acidic

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15
Q

The substance that excepts or binds to hydrogen ions in a solution is called a

A

Base

The hydroxide ions can combine with H(+) to create water

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16
Q

Any substance in a solution that prevents start changes in pH is called a

17
Q

The pH scale is used to measure the amount of _____ and _____ in a solution.

A

Acidity and alkalinity

Alkalinity refers to the capability of water to neutralize acid

18
Q

The pH scale is a numerical scale ranging from zero to

19
Q

____ is The term used to describe a cell that does not have a nucleus in which to storage its genetic material (e.g., bacteria)

A

Prokaryote

Prokaryote is a microscopic single-called organism.

Eukaryote is an organism with a complex cell or cells, in which the genetic material is organized into a membrane-bound nucleus. Eukaryotes comprise animals, plants, and fungi.

20
Q

A structure within a cell that performs a specific function is called an

21
Q

The largest of the organelles, this cell structure contains the cells genetic material

22
Q

The genetic “master plan” or “blueprint” for the body which contains the genetic information of the cell is called the

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

=DNA

DNA -> genes -> chromosomes

23
Q

These are organelles responsible for reading or decoding RNA and using information to synthesize necessary proteins

A

Ribosomes

Ribosomes are the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell. (Construction guys)

Endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes, folds, modifies, and transports proteins (mail men)

24
Q

-itis

A

Inflammatory disease

25
-osis
Disorder or abnormal state
26
-oma
Tumor, cancer