Practice Exam Flashcards
(26 cards)
Physiology is the science of
The normal functioning of the body
The ____ is called the basic unit of life.
Cell
The integumentary system is made up of
The skin and the accessory organs providing external support and protection
The lymphatic system contains organs like
The spleen, thymus, lymph node and tonsils
The process in which food is broken down into nutrients that the body can use is called
Catabolism
Catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with the release of energy.
(Destructive metabolism)
On the other hand, anabolism is the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms from simpler ones together with the storage of energy.
(Constructive metabolism)
Metabolism is the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life
Using anatomical positions, the stomach would be described as
Anterior
The anatomical position that means closer to the midline of the body is
Medial
The heart is contained in which of the following body cavities
Thoracic
The pericardial cavity is located within which of the following body cavities?
Thoracic
Pericardial = heart
The _____ is the smallest unit of any living or nonliving thing
Atom
A molecule is also called a
Element
When and electrolyte is put into a solution it releases an
Ion
Substances that give ions when dissolved in water are called electrolytes.
They can be divided into acids bases and salts, because they all give ions when dissolved in water
The combination of two or more substances is called a
Mixture
A substance that releases hydrogen ions in a solution is called an
Acid
If a solution contains more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions, it is said to be acidic
The substance that excepts or binds to hydrogen ions in a solution is called a
Base
The hydroxide ions can combine with H(+) to create water
Any substance in a solution that prevents start changes in pH is called a
Buffer
The pH scale is used to measure the amount of _____ and _____ in a solution.
Acidity and alkalinity
Alkalinity refers to the capability of water to neutralize acid
The pH scale is a numerical scale ranging from zero to
14
____ is The term used to describe a cell that does not have a nucleus in which to storage its genetic material (e.g., bacteria)
Prokaryote
Prokaryote is a microscopic single-called organism.
Eukaryote is an organism with a complex cell or cells, in which the genetic material is organized into a membrane-bound nucleus. Eukaryotes comprise animals, plants, and fungi.
A structure within a cell that performs a specific function is called an
Organelle
The largest of the organelles, this cell structure contains the cells genetic material
Nucleus
The genetic “master plan” or “blueprint” for the body which contains the genetic information of the cell is called the
Deoxyribonucleic acid
=DNA
DNA -> genes -> chromosomes
These are organelles responsible for reading or decoding RNA and using information to synthesize necessary proteins
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell. (Construction guys)
Endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes, folds, modifies, and transports proteins (mail men)
-itis
Inflammatory disease
