Practice Exam Flashcards
what effect does high sodium intake have on potassium secretion rate by kidneys?
has little effect
what would be the approximate volume of urine required to be excreted if all the excess H+ ions remained in free solution?
2700 L/day
if we weren’t able to buffer H+ ions and all had to be secreted
divide the numbers in the Q - 80/0.3 = 2700
which sensory endings in alveolar walls next to capillaries are sensitive to pulmonary edema?
J receptors
j = juxtaposition = means next to
what is the oxygen utilization coefficient at rest?
25%
what is the lowest pH that the normal kidneys can achieve ?
4.5
which factor decrease potassium uptake by cells? aldosterone metabolic acidosis insulin catecholamines
metabolic acidosis
H+ ATPase is first encountered in which part of renal tubule?
distal convoluted tubule
normally, how much H+ ions must be secreted each day in order to reabsorb 4320 mEq of filtered bicarbonate?
same number
4320 mEq of H+ ions
decreased concentrations of Ca ions in plasma would have direct effect on ?
increased release on PTH
normally, what is the transport maximum for glucose?
375 mg/min
which is a substance actively secreted into renal tubules? urea angiotensin II creatinine ADP
creatinine
which best describes capillary filtration coefficient?
- average diameters of glomerular capillaries
- mean of the capillary pressure w/in glomerulus
- product of permeability and filtering surface area of glomerular capillaries
product of permeability of filtering surface area of glomerular capillaries
which is a vasodilator that helps offset the effects of vasoconstrictors, especially on afferent arterioles? bradykinin endothelin angiotensin II norepinephrine
bradykinin
much of the oxygen consumed by the kidneys is related to ? high rate of glucose sodium potassium amino acid reabsorption
active sodium reabsorption
which is responsible for partially inhibiting micturition except when it is desired?
pudendal nerves
other answers are related to ANS
but desired urination = voluntary aka somatic innervation
w/o autoregulation a slight increase in blood pressure increases GFR up to 225 L/day, how much would this increase urine flow?
46.5 L/day
normal = 180 GFR
normal urine flow = 1.5 L/day
what is the partial pressure of oxygen in mmHg at the alveolar membrane if the percentage in O2 in the alveoli is 20%? 75 122 152 266
152
find 20% of total atm pressure in alveoli
using the flick principle for calculating cardiac output, the patient’s resting O2 consumption volume should be divided by what ?
difference between systemic arterial and systemic mixed venous blood
what is GFR if the urine conc. rate of substance is 125 mg/mL, flow rate is 2 mL/min, and plasma conc. of substance is 1 mg/mL?
250
renal clearance of inulin slide
what mechanism is responsible for moving glucose?
secondary active transport via Na/glucose cotransporter
what accounts for heart rate increase upon transitioning from lying to standing up?
decreased venous return
what is a factor resulting in hypokalemia?
excess secretion of aldosterone
an increase in what will result in a decrease in glomerular hydrostatic pressure?
arterial pressure
afferent arteriolar resistance
efferent arteriolar resistance
afferent resistance
what center acts to control the off switch point of the inspiratory ramp signal? DRG VRG Pneumotaxic center aortic body
Pneumotaxic center
