Practice Problem Info Flashcards

1
Q

Transposition of the great vessels is associated with what

A

Diabetes

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2
Q

ToF is associated with what

A

DiGeorge Syndrome

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3
Q

Aortic coarctation is associated with what

A

Turner syndrome

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4
Q

Define polyhydramnios and what is it associated with

A

Increased amniotic fluid associated with TEF

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5
Q

An ASD near the SVC is caused by a problem where

A

The sinus venosus

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6
Q

A patent PDA will cause what

A

Enlarged pulmonary arteries snd RV hypertophy

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7
Q

What fails with a diaphragmatic hernia

A

PLEUROPERITONEAL FOLD

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8
Q

Site of auscultation of AV, PV, TV, MV

A

AV - R 2 ICS near sternum
PV - L 2 ICS near sternum
TV - 5 ICS near sternum
MV - 5 ICS mid axillary line

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9
Q

What levels does the trachea span

A

C6 - T4

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10
Q

What is the route of lymph from the lungs to the trachea

A

PLN - BPLN - TBLN - Trachea

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11
Q

Where is the pulmonary LN located

A

Bifrication of larger bronchi

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12
Q

Where are the BPLN located

A

Hilum

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13
Q

Where are TBLN located

A

Bifricated trachea

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14
Q

Where are the tracheal LN located

A

Lateral surfaces of the trachea

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15
Q

Where is the apex of the heart located

A

5 ICS

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16
Q

What contains the nerve cell bodies for general somatic afferent and general visceral N.’s

A

Dorsal root ganglion

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17
Q

What T level corresponds to upper limbs and thoracic organs

18
Q

The ventral rami carry nerve fibers for what

A

Anterior skin

19
Q

An injury to the ant. Thorax will injur what first

20
Q

Which chamber usually compresses first with cardiac tamponade

21
Q

what does CO2 bind with in the Hb

A

The amine group

22
Q

Define the haldane shift

A

The presence of O2 on the heme reduces the affinity of the Hb chain for the CO2

23
Q

What three forces move water into the capillary

A

Hydrostatic pressure of capillary
Hydrostatic pressure of tissue
Oncotic pressure of tissue

24
Q

At what level is the accessory hemiazygos and hemiazygos

A

Hemi - T9 descending

Accessory - T8 ascending

25
The DRG receives sensory info from what
Glossopharyngeal and vagus N.
26
What are the progenitor cells of the heart
Endothelial cells
27
A Tet of FALLOT IS CHARACTERIZED BY WHAT
VSD, overiding Ao, and RVH
28
What is the equation to calculate Alv. O2
PAO2 = [(760 - 47) x 0.21] - O2 Consumed The O2 consumed is determined by RQ and Co2 Produced in the equation : RQ = (CO2 Produced [PaCO2]/(O2 Consumed) - rearrange to find O2 consumed
29
What is the A - a gradient and the equation
The amount of Oxygen lost from alv. To pul. arteries A high number is very bad - lots of O2 stored in alv. And not reaching lungs Equation: PAO2 - PaO2
30
What is the expansion of the lactiferous duct called
Lactiferous sinus
31
Both Vagus N’s pass where
Posterior to the root of the lung in the posterior mediastinum
32
AV stenosis is associated with what condition
LVH
33
Bronchial cartilage is from what
Splanchnic Mesoderm
34
Bronchial epithelium is from what
Endoderm
35
The parietal pleura is innervated by what N.
Intercostal N.
36
What important structures occur at the sternal angle
Bifurcation of trachea Beg and end of AoA Beg. Of descending Ao.
37
A blockage of the circumflex A. Will lead to what
Mitral valve insufficiency
38
The apex of the heart has what type of PaO2 compared to the base
Increased
39
Decreased blood flow to Alv means what will happen to PAO2
It will equalize to inspired air
40
What is the most important control for normal quiet respiration
pH in central chemoreceptors