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BIO 2010 QUIZ 6 > Practice questions > Flashcards

Practice questions Flashcards

1
Q
  1. How many chambers does the heart contain? What are they?
A

4, left and right ventricle and atrium (upper and lower chambers)

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2
Q
  1. Blood returning from the lungs enters into which chamber of the heart?
A

left atrium

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3
Q
  1. Which of the following accurately shows the electrical pathway through the heart?
    a. Purkinje fibers, SA node, AV node, bundle of His
    b. Purkinje fibers, bundle of His, AV node, SA node
    c. AV node, SA node, bundle of His, purkinje fibers
    d. SA node, AV node, bundle of His, purkinje fibers
A

d. SA node, AV node, bundle of His, purkinje fibers

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4
Q
  1. Which valve in the heart separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?
A

Tricuspid valve

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5
Q
  1. Which cardiac valve prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium?
A

Mitral valve, bicuspid valve

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6
Q
  1. What are the valves between the right atrium and right ventricle, and between the left atrium and left ventricle, respectively?
A

tricuspid valve: located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

mitral valve

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7
Q
  1. Which is the only valve in the heart to have two operational flaps?
A

mitral valve

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8
Q
  1. When blood moves from the right atrium to the right ventricle, it must pass through which heart valve?
A

tricuspid valve

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9
Q
  1. The firing of which group of cells initiates contraction of the left and right ventricles?
A

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

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10
Q
  1. Which group of cells is responsible for the autoregulation of heart contraction?
A

pacemaker cells (sa node governs it)

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11
Q
  1. You encounter a patient that has an atrial-septal defect (ASD), in which a hole in the cardiac septum persists from cardiac development. Which of the chambers of the heart will not receive its normal volume of blood due to this condition?
A

The right atrium can receive more blood than it should, which can lead to increased blood volume in the right atrium. This extra blood can then be pumped into the right ventricle and, subsequently, into the lungs. The left atrium, on the other hand, may not receive its normal volume of blood because some of it is shunted into the right atrium and into the right side of the heart.

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12
Q
  1. Valves in the heart serve the chief function of preventing backflow during systole. Which of the following prevents blood from flowing from the right ventricle to the right atrium?
A

Tricuspid valve

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13
Q
  1. Systolic blood pressure measures __________.
    a. overall blood pressure in the brain
    b. the force of blood flow from the heart to the arteries
    c. force of blood flow during the “dub” heart sound
    d. amount of dissolved salts in the blood
A

the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats

B

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14
Q
  1. What is the definition of systole and diastole?
A

SYSTOLE- is the contraction of the muscle. DIASTOLE- is relaxation of the muscle

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15
Q
  1. Is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary, striated or not striated?
A

involuntary, striated

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16
Q
  1. Which of the following vessels has the highest concentration of oxygen? (pulmonary veins, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, pulmonary arteries)
A

pulmonary veins

17
Q
  1. What is the correct path through the circulatory system which describes the passage of blood originating in the left leg?
A

Vena cava → right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta

18
Q
  1. In terms of being open or closed, what is the state of the mitral and tricuspid valves (left and right atrioventricular valves, respectively) at the end of the first heart sound (Lub)?
A

The first heart sound, “Lub,” indicates that the heart has entered systole.

Systole is typically defined as ventricular contraction.

As the ventricles contract, the AV valves close to prevent regurgitation into the atria.

The first heart sound indicates the closure of the

Both are closed.

So, at the end of the first heart sound (S1), both the mitral and tricuspid valves are in the closed position, preventing the backflow of blood into the atria and allowing the ventricles to contract and pump blood out to the respective arteries.

19
Q
  1. At the instant following the second heart sound, which heart valves are open?
A

All valves are closed during the second heart sound.

20
Q
  1. What vessels carry deoxygenated blood away from the heart?
A

‘Pulmonary artery’ is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart.

21
Q
  1. Which of the following processes occurs in the kidney?
    a. The kidney uses all of the listed processes
    b. Reabsorption
    c. Filtration
    d. Secretion
A

A

22
Q
  1. The renal system does not play a direct role in regulating which of the following?
    a. Blood solute concentrations
    b. Blood temperature
    c. Blood pressure
    d. Blood pH
A

b. Blood temperature

23
Q
  1. Which anatomical portion of a nephron connects the Bowman’s capsule to the loop of Henle?
A

Proximal convoluted tube

24
Q
  1. Urine is formed in a three-step process. Give the correct order in which these steps take place in the nephron.
A

filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.

25
Q
  1. Urine is stored in what part of the kidney before it moves to the bladder?
A

ureters

26
Q
  1. What tube carres urine outside the body from the bladder?
A

Urethra

27
Q
  1. What are the functions of the respiratory system?
A

helps your body absorb oxygen from the air so your organs can work. It also cleans waste gases, such as carbon dioxide, from your blood. Common problems include allergies, diseases or infections.

28
Q
  1. What forms first when carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves in water (H2 O)?
A

carbonic acid

29
Q
  1. The functional unit of the lungs where gas exchange occurs is the
A

Alveoli

30
Q
  1. Most carbon dioxide is carried in the blood as ___________.
A

bicarbonate

31
Q
  1. List the correct pathway of air into the lungs to the site of gas exchange.
A

ir travels down your pharynx (back of your throat), passes through your larynx (voice box) and into your trachea (windpipe). Your trachea is divided into two air passages called bronchial tubes. One bronchial tube leads to your left lung, the other to your right lung

32
Q
  1. Muscular dystrophy affects the functioning of skeletal muscle. As this disease advances, it can impair the contraction of the diaphragm and the muscles of the rib cage. What effect will this have on the ability of people with this disease to carry out gas exchange?
A

Decrease ability to exchange air into and out of the lungs therefore decreasing gas exchange.

Progressive weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscles caused by genetic alterations fall into the category of muscular dystrophy.

BIO 2010 QUIZ 6 (3 decks)

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