Practice Questions Flashcards
(125 cards)
A pt is dx with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and is treated with an oral antifungal agent. After several weeks he develops gynecomastia, decreased libido and azoospermia. The antifungal agent responsible for these SE is?
Ketoconazole
Which of the following statements of antifungal agents is incorrect?
A. Amphotercin B may cause nephrotoxicity and anemia
B. Nystatin binds to sterols in the fungal cell membrane
C. Ketoconazole may cause endocrinologic abnormalities
D. Itraconazole inhibits squalene monooxygenase
E. Griseofulvin disrupts the cells mitotic spindle
Itraconazole inhibits squalene monooxygenase
A pt being treated for disseminated cryptococcosis develops nephrotoxicity and hypochromic anemia. Which of the following antifungal agents would be the most probable cause of these SE?
Amphotercin B
A triazole antifungal agent with a long half life (35 hr) is
Itraconazole
Which of the following agents is used for treatment of superficial fungal agents disrupts the mitotic spindle structure and is deposited in keratin precursor cells?
Griseofulvin
Itraconazole produces its antifungal effects by inhibiting which enzyme?
Sterol 14-alpha-demethylase
Pharmacological actions of triazole antifungal agents include?
- Inhibition of sterol-14-alpha demethylase
- Reduced ergosterol biosynthesis
- Longer half life than imidazoles
- Binding to fungal cytochrome P450
All of the Above
Which of the following statements on antifungal agents is incorrect?
A. Amphotericin B inhibits sterol 14-alpha-demethylase
B. Nystatin binds to sterols in the fungal cell membrane
C. Ketoconazole may cause endocrinologic abnormalities
D. Terbinafine inhibits squalene monooxygenase
E. Griseofulvin disrupts the cells mitotic spindle
A. Amphotericin B inhibits sterol 14-alpha-demethylase
Which antifungal treats invasive aspergillosis and esophogeal candidiasis?
Caspofungin
Which Anti-fungal inhibits Beta 1,3-Glucansynthase?
Caspofungin
Which Anti-fungal blocks the metabolism from Squalene to ergosterol
Tolnaftate
Penicillin G is only given ________, while Penicillin V is administered _________.
Parenterally; Orally
Penicillin useful for prophylaxis of rheumatic fever by reinfection of group A strep
Penicllin G Benzathine
Treatment for Enterococcal Endocarditis?
Penicilin + Aminoglycosides
Augmentin
Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid
Timentin
Ticarcillin + Clavulanic Acid
Zosyn
Piperacillin + Tazobactam
In the US, the 6-month regimen for TB treatment consists of:
Isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide for 8 weeks, followed by isoniazid and rifampin for 16 weeks.
Which of the following statements regarding antituberculosis agents is incorrect?
A. Isoniazid may cause methemoglobinemia
B. Rifampin may cause GI disturbances and reddish urine, saliva, and tears
C. Ethambuton may cause ocular toxicity
D. Streptomycin sulfate may cause ototoxicitiy
E. Pyrazinamide may cause hyperuricemia
Isoniazid may cause methemoglobinemia
Pharmacological and toxic actions of isoniazid include:
- Interferences with mycolic acid biosynthesis
- Bactericidal effect on rapidly dividing bacteria
- Hepatitis, greater in slow acetylators
- Increases excretion of pyridoxine (Vit B6)
All of the Above
Actions of antituberculosis drugs depends upon the metabolic activity of the tubercle bacillus. Isoniazid is effective on bacilli:
A. In cavitary lesions where multiplication is active
B. In closed caseous lesions were replication is slow
C. Within macrophages were multiplication is relatively slow
All of the Above
In the US single drug therapy in tuberculosis is limited to preventive therapy. Which of the following drugs is the only approved for this use?
Isoniazid
Drug regimens for the chemotherapy of leprosy include:
Dapsone and rifampin
Which of the following statements regarding antituberculosis agents is incorrect?
A. Isoniazid may cause methoglobinemia
B. Rifampin may cause GI disturbances and reddish urine, saliva, and tears
C. Ethambutol may cause ocular toxicity
D. Streptomycin sulfate may cause ototoxicity
E. Pyrazinamide may cause hyperuricemia
A. Isoniazid may cause methoglobinemia