practice questions- werners- anti-virals

Question 1

True or False - Diagnosis of Viral disease and onset of clinical signs often correlate with viral load.

Answer 1

False - The Diagnosis or Viral disease and onset of clinical signs Does Not Correlate with Viral Load

Question 2

Zidovudine is a NRTI used in what animal?

Answer 2

Cats

Question 3

What is more potent against FIV in vitro, Zidovudine or Lamivudine? Would you give this via IV?

Answer 3

Lamivudine - more potent, better safety profile in humansThe oral bioavailability is 95% so there is no immediate need for IV…
If you decide to IV, inject slowly / carefully because side effect after IV = Hemolysis

Question 4

What is essential for NRTIs to become “Triphosphate” form…?

Answer 4

Phosphorylation by the HOST CELL Enzymes!

Question 5

What are the veterinary applications for NRTIs?

Answer 5

FeLv, FIV, Bovine Leukemia virus

Question 6

How do DPIs get converted into monophasphate form?

Answer 6

By VIRAL* Thymidine kinase (ONLY WORKS IN INFECTED CELLS)
(vs. NRTIs, which need the Host Cell - enzyme)

Question 7

What are the veterinary applications of DPIs?

Answer 7

EHV-1, FHV, CHV

Question 8

Which DPI is toxic to cats!?

Answer 8

Valacyclovir!!

Question 9

DPIs Panciclovir and Famiciclovir are used in what animal?

which is for topical admin?

Answer 9

Cats

Panciclovir

Question 10

Acyclovir has the best oral bioavailability in what animal?

Answer 10

Dogs > 80%

Question 11

Can you treat horses with Acyclovir?

Answer 11

Acyclovir has < 5% OBB, very poor… however there may be some use for it in neonatal herpesvirus infections.
In adults –> Valacyclovir has OBB of 26%

Question 12

The M2 Ion Channel inhibitor Rimanidine is safer than amantadine and useful in treating what equine virus?

Answer 12

Equine Influenza

Question 13

Ribavirin is effective against what viruses?

Answer 13

Influenza A
Influenza B
Herpesviruses

Question 14

Ribavirin is toxic in What Animal?

Answer 14

Cats!