Pre American Revolution Part 2 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Declaratory Act
Law passed in 1776 to accompany repeal of the Strap Act that stated that Parliament had the authority to legislate for the colonies “in all cases whatsoever.”
Sugar Act
Law passed in 1764 to raise revenue in the American colonies. It lowered the duty from 6 pence to 3 pence per gallon on foreign molasses imported into the colonies and increased the restrictions on colonial commerce.
Townshend Revenue Acts
Acts of Parliament, passed in 1767, imposing duties on colonial tea, lead, paint, paper, and glass.
Boston Massacre
After months of increasing friction between townspeople and the British troops stationed in the city, on March 5, 1770, British troops fired on American civilians in Boston.
Boston Tea Party
Incident that occurred on December 16, 1773, in which Bostonians, disguised as Indians, destroyed £10,000 worth of tea belonging to the British East India Company in order to prevent payment of the duty on it.
First Continental Congress
Meeting of delegates from most of the colonies held in 1774 in response to the Coercive Acts. The Congress endorsed the Suffolk Resolves, adopted the Declaration of Rights and Grievances, and agreed to establish the Continental Association
Minutemen
Special companies of militia formed in Massachusetts and elsewhere beginning in late 1744.
Declaration of Independence
The document by which the second Continental Congress announced and justified its decision to renounce the colonies’ allegiance to the British government.
Loyalists
British colonists who opposed independence from Britain.
Tories
A derisive term applied to Loyalists in America who supported the king and Parliament just before and during the American Revolution.
Articles of Confederation
Written document setting up the loose confederation of states that comprised the first national government of the United States.
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Legislation that prohibited slavery in the northwest territories and provided the model for the incorporation of future territories into the union as co-– equal states.
Bill of Rights
A written summary of inalienable rights and liberties.
Tea Act
Act of Parliament that permitted the East India Company to sell through agents in America without paying The duty customarily collected in Britain, thus reducing the retail price.
Olive Branch Petition
The Olive Branch Petition was adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 5, 1775, in a final attempt to avoid a full-on war between the Thirteen Colonies that the Congress represented, and Great Britain. The petition affirmed American loyalty to Great Britain and entreated the king to prevent further conflict.
Virtual representation
The notion that parliamentary members represented the interests of the nation as a whole, not those of the particular district that elected them.
Annapolis Convention
Conference of State delegates at Annapolis, Maryland, that issued a call in September 1786 for a convention to meet at Philadelphia to consider fundamental changes.
Virginia Plan
Proposal calling for a national legislature in which the states would be represented according to population.
New Jersey Plan
Proposal of the New Jersey delegation for a strengthened national government in which all states would have an equal representation in a unicameral legislature.
Great Compromise
Plan proposed at the 1787 Constitutional convention for creating a national bicameral legislature in which all states would be equally represented in the Senate and proportionally represented in the House.
Federalists
Supporters of the Constitution who favored its ratification.
Anti-Federalists
Opponents of the Constitution in the debate over its ratification.
Judicial Review
A power implied in the Constitution that gives federal courts The right to review and determine the constitutionality of acts passed by Congress and state legislatures.
Treaty of Greenville
Treaty of 1795 in which native Americans in the old Northwest were forced to cede most of the present state of Ohio to the United States.
