pre operative phase nursing/intraoperative

Question 1

when does the preoperative phase start?

Answer 1

The preoperative phase begins when the client decides to have surgery and ends when the client is transferred to the surgical suite

Question 2

Postoperative delirium may last until?

Answer 2

come and go weeks after surgery

Question 3

POCD is?

Answer 3

older adults/pts with preexisiting neurocogntitve disorder

Question 4

what can cause permanent long-term memory loss?

Answer 4

POCD (Postoperative cognitive dysfunction)

Question 5

what are some manifestations for PE (pulmonary embolism)

Answer 5

chest pain, especially while taking a deep breath; difficulty breathing; tachycardia; and hypoxia.

Question 6

what is hypovolemia?

Answer 6

Low blood volume (less H2O and electrolytes)

Question 7

what can cause hypovolemia preopratively?

Answer 7

lack of fluid intake in NPO status

Question 8

what are some signs and symptoms of hypovlemia?

Answer 8

Tachycardia
Hypotension
Confusion
Oliguria
Decreased central venous pressure (CVP)
Decreased capillary refill

Question 9

what is 🔹 Oliguria

Answer 9

= Low urine output

Question 10

what are the signs and symptoms of hypervolemia?

Answer 10

Tachycardia
Increased CVP
Hypertension
Crackles in the lungs
Peripheral edema
Decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit

Question 11

SSIs are usually caused by?

Answer 11

staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Pseudomonas bacteria.

Question 12

examples of corticosteroids>

Answer 12

prednisone and dexmetason

Question 13

PACU nurse responsibilities?

Answer 13

monitoring pt vital signs, LOC, pain control

Question 14

what is Ileus?

Answer 14

post operative complication (short)
-A temporary stop in the movement of the intestines

Question 15

signs and sypmtoms of ileus?

Answer 15

n/v, mild discomfort in abd

Question 16

what is the treatment for ileus?

Answer 16

NG tube and IV fluids (pt will be NPO)

Question 17

risk factors for oliguria is?

Answer 17

A temporary stop in the movement of the intestines

Question 18

signs of local anesthetic toxicity?

Answer 18

metallic taste, tinnitus, and perioral numbness.

Question 19

is the circulating nurse part of the sterile team?

Answer 19

no, they are not sterile.

Question 20

when should a “time out” be done?

Answer 20

-Immediately before the procedure begins

-After anesthesia is administered, but before the incision

Question 21

why do we use time-outs?

Answer 21

confirm: Correct client identity

Correct procedure

Correct surgical site

Question 22

local anesthesia is?

Answer 22

numbs specific area preventing conduction of pain (ex. breats)
-pt is awake and oriented

Question 23

regional anesthesia is?

Answer 23

blocks sensation to localized region (needled is injected near cluster of nerves)
-ex: epidural, spinal for LOWER abd surgeries or limb

Question 24

general anesthesia is?

Answer 24

pt goes unconscious (depresses CNS)

Question 25

what is moderate sedation?

Answer 25

sedates pt (awake but sleepy) -ex: used for colonscopy, dental extractions

Question 26

examples on when to use local anesthetics?

Answer 26

broken bone, breast biopsy, suturing deep cut

Question 27

what are signs and symptoms of local anesthetics?

Answer 27

-tachypnea and tachycardia -others: tinnitus, numbness around mouth, metallic taste

Question 28

examples of regional anesthesia?

Answer 28

areas for sugeries on legs, abdomen, extremities, epidural blocks

Question 29

what must you monitor with general anesthesia and moderate sedation?

Answer 29

heat function and respiration

Question 30

examples of moderate sedation meds?

Answer 30

diazepam, lorazepam, and midazolam

Question 31

when does intraoperative start/ends

Answer 31

from surgical place to pacu

Question 32

for moderate sedation drugs

Answer 32

fentyl and versaid

Question 33

scrub nurse role

Answer 33

prep of sterile field