PREBOARDS 1_NP 1 Flashcards by Justine Mae Palomata

Community
Health Nursing (CHN) is the other major field of nursing in the Philippines
aside from hospital nursing; and community health nurses have four (4)
different levels of clientele — the individual, family, population group, and
community.

According to Hunt (1997:126), from a systems perspective, this is defined as a collection of people who are integrated, interacting, and interdependent.

*
1 point
a. Individual
b. Family
c. Population group
d. Community

b. Family

Individual: an Entry point as community health nurses deal with on a daily basis; problems are intertwined with community and family members

Family: collection of people who are integrated, interacting, and interdependent

Population group: group of people who share common characteristics, developmental stage or common exposure to particular environmental factors and consequently common health problems

Community: an organism with its own stages of development and it matures through time; facilitated by some catalysts from within and outside community.

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Which among the following is the usual target or beneficiary of social services and health programs?

*
1 point
a. Individual
b. Family
c. Population group
d. Community

c. Population group

Population group: group of people who share common characteristics, developmental stage or common exposure to particular environmental factors and consequently common health problems

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It is regarded as an organism with its own stages of development and it matures through time. This refers to:

*
1 point
a. Individual
b. Family
c. Population group
d. Community

d. Community

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Which among the following is considered as an “entry point” as community health nurses deal with on a daily basis?

*
1 point
a. Individual
b. Family
c. Population group
d. Community

a. Individual

Key: “Entry point”

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This is the primary client of community health nursing.

*
1 point
a. Individual
b. Family
c. Population group
d. Community

d. Community

“Primary client”

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Situation:
During
home visit, Nurse Shaznay discusses the Denham’s Family Health Model to help
Mondragon Family build stronger bonds. This model specifies seven (7) family
routines as basic structure which provide order to family member’s lives and
serve to organize health within the household where individuals assume
interdependent relationships, roles, functions and purposes.

Nanay Daniela decides that her family avail the flu vaccine every year in the health center. Which family routine is performed?

*
1 point
a. Self-care
b. Family care
c. Illness care
d. Member caregiving

Illness care

members make decision re;ated to health care needs; choose when, where, and how to seek supportibe health services and determines way to respond to medical directives and health information

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Preschoolers Cazzie and Marga know when to stop playing with dolls and get ready for bed at 9 pm. Which family routine is performed?

*
1 point
a. Self-care
b. Family care
c. Illness care
d. Member caregiving

a. Self-care

patterned behaviors related to ADLS, experienced across life course such as nutrition, sleep, exercise, etc

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During Sundays, the Mondragon Family attends Church service. Which family routine is performed?

*
1 point
a. Self-care
b. Family care
c. Illness care
d. Member caregiving

b. Family care

Daily activities, traditional behaviours and special celebrations that give meaning to daily life and provide shared enjoyment, pleasure and happiness for multiple members

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Whenever Tatay Robert takes his maintenance medications for his high blood pressure, his two daughters love to participate — Cazzie gives the medicine and Marga is in charge of getting a glass of water. Which family routine is performed?

*
1 point
a. Self-care
b. Family care
c. Illness care
d. Member caregiving

d. Member caregiving

Ways by which family members act as interactive caregivers about health related ideas and participate in health and illness care needs and supports each members patterns

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Ate Romina, their other daughter, graduates from highschool and she requested her parents to celebrate in McJollibee to satisfy her and her siblings’ cravings. Which family routine is performed?

*
1 point
a. Self-care
b. Family care
c. Illness care
d. Member caregiving

b. Family care
Daily activities, traditional behaviours and special celebrations that give meaning to daily life and provide shared enjoyment, pleasure and happiness for multiple members

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Situation:
Nearly
all diseases that are vaccine-preventable, vector-borne, zoonotic, and food and
water-borne had higher case totals than in 2021, according to the Department of
Health’s (DOH) Epidemic-prone Disease Case Surveillance (EDCS) report for 2022.
Thus, Nurse Allia must be knowledgeable of these diseases for further
prevention and control.

Nurse Allia is suspecting of shock on a patient with Dengue as she observes a weak pulse, melena, and cold, clammy skin on Patient Dexter. She should intervene by doing all but one:

*
1 point
a. Proscribing aspirin on patient’s medications
b. Placing ice bag over the patient’s abdomen
c. Positioning the patient into dorsal recumbent
d. Providing the patient with multiple layers of cover to prevent chills

d. Providing the patient with multiple layers of cover to prevent chills

= overheating client causes vasodilation which aggravates bleeding

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. As Patient Dexter recovers, his family is asking for food sources that will help the patient regain his strength and energy. Nurse Allia is correct when she identifies which of the following to avoid?

*
1 point
a. Green leafy vegetables
b. Chocolate and energy drinks
c. Rice and milk
d. Liver

b. Chocolate and energy drinks

R: Chocolate: dark colored food = mask bleeding
Energy Drink: Dehydration and muscle break down

A- vitamin K rich foods
Rice and milk = energy dense
Liver = iron rich

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Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by typhoid bacillus that can be transmitted through the following, except:

*
1 point
a. Food and water - principal vehicles
b. Hands of carrier
c. Mosquitoes
d. Flies

c. Mosquitoes

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Patient Noah, in the other room, is experiencing muscular cramps due to Cholera. Which food is appropriate for the patient to ingest?

*
1 point
a. Coconut water
b. Apple
c. White rice
d. White bread

a. Coconut water = depletion of electrolytes (K+) - rich in potassium

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Nurse Allia is aware that Bacillary Dysentery is an acute bacterial infection causing bloody, mucoid stools. It also may cause tenesmus, which is the ___.

*
1 point
a. Severe manifestation of protein-energy malnutrition
b. Constant urge to defecate
c. Severe manifestation of protein malnutrition
d. Infrequent bowel movements or difficult passage of stools

b. Constant urge to defecate

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Situation:
Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) target to end inequalities not only between nations,
but also within nations by 2030; and these SDGs cannot be achieved without
nurses, who serve as the primary healthcare professionals for all communities
in all situations.

Which were replaced with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by the United Nations in 2015?

*
1 point
a. Program Development Goals
b. Millennium Development Goals
c. Outcome Development Goals
d. Impact Development Goals

b. Millennium Development Goals

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Assuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all ages is a key component of SDG __, and nursing undoubtedly has a significant role to play in achieving this goal. Which SDG is this?

*
1 point
a. SDG 1
b. SDG 3
c. SDG 4
d. SDG 6

b. SDG 3 = Good health and wealth being

SDG 1: No poverty
SDG 4: Quality Education
SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation

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Social determinants of health (SDH), such as education and poverty, are two other SDGs that nurses have a significant impact on. Which SDG focuses on attaining no poverty?

*
1 point
a. SDG 1
b. SDG 3
c. SDG 4
d. SDG 6

a. SDG 1

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Nurses also collaborate with education providers to promote health and prevent disease, as well as screen and diagnose illnesses early. In actuality, long-term health and quality of life are strongly influenced by education level. Which SDG aims at having quality education?

*
1 point
a. SDG 1
b. SDG 3
c. SDG 4
d. SDG 6

c. SDG 4

key: Quality Education

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Delivering high-quality care and advanced health require access to clean water and good sanitary conditions and hygiene in healthcare institutions. Nurses must make sure hand hygiene is possible in every healthcare setting since it is one of the most cost-effective interventions to safeguard health. Which SDG is Clean Water and Sanitation?

*
1 point
a. SDG 1
b. SDG 3
c. SDG 4
d. SDG 6

d. SDG 6

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Situation:
In
the Western Pacific Region, the Philippines has the third-highest rate of
mental health issues, and mental, neurological, and substance use disorders are
the third-most prevalent disabilities in the country (WHO, 2020). Nurse Niks
recognizes that mental health problems have four (4) facets as a public health
burden — defined, undefined, hidden, and future burden.

Which among the following is the correct description of defined burden?

*
1 point
a. It refers to the stigma and violations of human rights.
b. It refers to the portion of the burden relating to the impact of mental health problems to persons other than the individual directly affected.
c. It refers to the burden currently affecting persons with mental disorders.
d. It refers to the burden in the future resulting from the aging of the population, increasing social problems and unrest inherited from the existing burden.

c. It refers to the burden currently affecting persons with mental disorders.

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Which among the following is the correct description of undefined burden?

b. It refers to the portion of the burden relating to the impact of mental health problems to persons other than the individual directly affected.

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Which among the following is the correct description of hidden burden?

A. It refers to the stigma and violations of human rights

A. Hidden burden : Disapproval of other people / rejection by community and it usually increases the more different behaviors from the norm

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Which among the following is the correct description of future burden?

D. It refers to the burden in the future resulting from the aging of the population, increasing social problems and unrest inherited from the existing burden.

D. Future Burden - resulting from aging population

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. In order to improve the provision of integrated mental health services and safeguard the rights of people who require such services, then-President Rodrigo Duterte signed the Mental Health Act, also known as Republic Act No. ____, on June 20, 2018. * 1 point a. 11063 b. 11603 c. 11036 d. 11360

c. 11036

Situation: You are a Community Health Nurse stationed at the health center of Barangay AAA. You are well-versed in the legislation guiding, affecting, and relating to the nursing practice in the Philippines. You also know that it is scoped therewith in health promotion the task of providing pertinent information to your clients. The following questions are in relation to Republic Act 10354. 26. Madame BBB is a 24-year-old laywoman visiting the health center with her long-time partner Mister CCC. They are both interested in starting a family together and have inquired about their rights and responsibilities in the foundation of a family. You consider the following appropriate replies, except: * 1 point a. “You can start a family with respect to your religious convictions and the demands of responsible parenthood.” b. “Your future children are definitely lucky to have you as parents, as proper care and nutrition is a privilege.” c. “Your concern for a livable wage at your workplace is valid, would you like to tell me more about it?” d. “You are practicing your right if you involve yourself in the planning and implementation of policies and programs involving families.”

b. “Your future children are definitely lucky to have you as parents, as proper care and nutrition is a privilege.” Proper care and nutrition is a right of the children and not a privilege

. Interested in the topic, the couple inquired further regarding their rights to making informed decisions. Which of the following statements best reflects this idea? * 1 point a. The respect for protection and fulfillment of reproductive health and rights which seek to promote the rights and welfare of every person is acknowledged by the State. b. The State shall respect individuals’ preferences and choice of family planning methods that are in accordance with their religious convictions and cultural beliefs. c. The right to make free and informed decisions, which is central to the exercise of any right, shall not be subjected to any form of coercion. d. The State recognizes that each family shall have the right to determine its ideal family size.

c. The right to make free and informed decisions, which is central to the exercise of any right, shall not be subjected to any form of coercion.

Miss DDD is a 16-year-old student visiting the health center with concern for her delayed menstruation. You are aware of the elements of reproductive health care, for you are a Registered Nurse. Which of the following statements will be best applicable regarding the client’s scenario? * 1 point a. The client should be concerned regarding her STD status, as reproductive health care is also concerned with the prevention and treatment of reproductive tract infections. b. Adolescents and youth reproductive health guidance and counseling is not part of reproductive health care. c. Whoever man the client has performed the act of copulation with should also be responsible and involved with women’s reproductive health. d. Reproductive health care believes that it is a priority to make women of reproductive age fully aware of their respective cycles as with awareness of when fertilization is highly probable and highly improbable.

d. Reproductive health care believes that it is a priority to make women of reproductive age fully aware of their respective cycles as with awareness of when fertilization is highly probable and highly improbable.

Miss EEE is an 18-year-old college student suspected to be in her 7th week of pregnancy. In due privacy, she cried in front of you, incessantly requesting for “pampalaglag” as she worries that continuing pregnancy will ruin her education. Aware of the legislation relating to the nursing practice, you remember which concept best applies to this situation. Which will you choose? * 1 point A. Assist the client to a different room and provide a note written therewith the name of the medication she requests for. B. Remember that the client has reproductive health rights, and abortion is merely a practice of her right. C. Refer the client to a licensed obstetrician that will agree with her in performing an abortion. D. A knowledgeable registered nurse practicing in the Philippines knows that reproductive health rights do not include abortion and access to abortifacients.

D. A knowledgeable registered nurse practicing in the Philippines knows that reproductive health rights do not include abortion and access to abortifacients. ABORTION IS ILLEGAL IN PH

In the fulfilling practice of Community Health Nursing, ideas and interventions should always be geared towards legal alignment and standards of care. The following statements may come as either facts or misconceptions among clients and healthcare practitioners. Which of the following does not require further teaching? * 1 point A. Every individual has the inherent right and prerogative to the number of children they so desire regardless of health reasons, as protected by the State. B. Those coming from low socioeconomic status should be prohibited from having children, as they cannot afford to give them good standards of living. C. The State shall promote and provide information and access, without bias, to all methods of family planning, including effective natural and modern methods which have been proven medically safe. D. Only limited methods of reproductive health care should be enforced among clients and let no religious conviction interfere with the State’s desire for all citizens to be healthy.

C. The State shall promote and provide information and access, without bias, to all methods of family planning, including effective natural and modern methods which have been proven medically safe.

Situation: Nurse Ram plans to conduct a census regarding the population of Barangay Balantacan to make comparisons about the population changes over time and to also help her identify the health programs or interventions needed by the community. Before doing so, she reviews the different methods of measuring population size and distribution. 31. It is simply the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths occurring in a population in a specified period of time. Nurse Ram is correct if she describes it as: * 1 point a. Relative increase b. Absolute increase per year c. Rate of natural increase d. Natural increase

D. Natural Increase

It is the difference between the Crude Birth Rate and the Crude Death Rate occurring in a population in a specified period of time. Nurse Ram is correct if she describes it as: * 1 point a. Relative increase b. Absolute increase per year c. Rate of natural increase d. Natural increase

c. Rate of natural increase

It measures the number of people that are added to the population per year. Nurse Ram is correct if she describes it as: * 1 point a. Relative increase b. Absolute increase per year c. Rate of natural increase d. Natural increase

b. Absolute increase per year

. It is the actual difference between the two census counts expressed in percent relative to the population size made during an earlier census. Nurse Ram is correct if she describes it as: * 1 point a. Relative increase b. Absolute increase per year c. Rate of natural increase d. Natural increase

a. Relative increase

It is described by dividing the number of persons in a household with the number of rooms used by the family for sleeping. Nurse Ram is correct if she describes it as: * 1 point a. Crowding index b. Household congestion c. Person-room rate d. Population density

a. Crowding index Implications: ease of communicable disease transmission

High value of this indicator gives implication to the ease by which a communicable disease will be transmitted from one host to another susceptible host in a household. Nurse Ram is correct if she describes it as: * 1 point a. Crowding index b. Household congestion c. Person-room rate d. Population density

a. Crowding index

It determines how congested a place is. Nurse Ram is correct if she describes it as: * 1 point a. Crowding index b. Household congestion c. Person-room rate d. Population density

d. Population density

It provides implications in terms of the adequacy of basic health services present in the community. Nurse Ram is correct if she describes it as: * 1 point a. Crowding index b. Household congestion c. Person-room rate d. Population density

d. Population density

Nanay Sophie, who resides in Barangay Santo Cristo, visited her friend Nanay Lods who is residing in Barangay Balantacan, for tea time. While they were talking about their respective neighbors, Nurse Ram and the other barangay workers reached Nanay Lods’ house for a census. If Nanay Sophie was assigned in Barangay Balantacan at the time of census, this method is called: * 1 point a. De jure b. De facto c. Jus soli d. Jus sanguinis

B. De Facto B. De Facto - kung saan sila nakita or Currently

On the other hand, Nanay Lods is assigned in Barangay Balantacan, her usual residence. This method of census is: * 1 point a. De jure b. De facto c. Jus soli d. Jus sanguinis

a. De jure - people are assigned to place where they usually live regardless where they are at that time “usual residence”

Situation: You are an experienced Community Health Nurse performing your rounds of home visits in Barangay AAA. Nurse BBB is a beginning nurse in the CHN practice under your respectful preceptorship. The following questions tackle herbal medicines. 41. Manong CCC is a 56-year-old male laborer that self-professes to have habitually collected wild shrubs growing among vacant lots and waste land. On days that he reports of difficulty of breathing, experience of tussive reflex, and hyperthermia, he states that “boiling them chopped and drinking the strained water” is effective to addressing his situation. Which herbal plant is in question? * 1 point a. Blumea balsamifera (SAMBONG) b. Carmona retusa (TSAANG GUBAT) c. Chinese honeysuckle (NIYUG NIYOGAN) d. Vitex negundo

d. Vitex negundo = LAGUNDI

He knows well, often, that wild shrubs can either be hit or miss. He reports that his knowledge of traditional medicinal plants have been passed down from generation to generation. No further teaching is required when he uses Alibungog for which reported symptom? * 1 point a. Cough b. Diarrhea c. Fever d. Toothache

Alibungog is Tsaang Gubat B. Diarrhea R: Indicated for Stomachches

You proceed with the home visits. You encourage the beginning nurse to perform health teaching among the residents of Barangay AAA. In performing her health education, you will correct her before uttering which incorrect information? * 1 point a. “Interestingly, Ulasimang-Bato may also be eaten as salad.” b. “Remember that Bawang should only be taken on an empty stomach so that its antihypertensive effects are potent.” c. “The traditional practice of applying Bayabas for cases of newly circumcised teenagers is due to its antiseptic effects.” d. “Yerba Buena is internationally known as Peppermint. You can use cooled, strained, boiled, chopped leaves for symptoms of rheumatism.”

(-) B. “Remember that Bawang should only be taken on an empty stomach so that its antihypertensive effects are potent.” R: Bawang is taken on Full Stomach not empty as it prevent stomach ulcer

Legislation is an effective means for health promotion. RA 8423, also known as the “Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act (TAMA) of 1997” declares several guiding principles in its essence. Which of the following statements will not be reflective of its beliefs? * 1 point a. It is the policy of the State to improve the quality and delivery of healthcare services to the Filipino people through the development of traditional and alternative healthcare. b. By means of the legislature, indigenous societies would own their knowledge of traditional medicine. c. Indigenous societies, whilst owning their knowledge of traditional medicine, are not subjected to any financial return as traditional medicine is a part of nature we are all responsible for the care of. d. It is a policy for traditional healthcare to be integrated into the national healthcare delivery system.

c. Indigenous societies, whilst owning their knowledge of traditional medicine, are not subjected to any financial return as traditional medicine is a part of nature we are all responsible for the care of. R: THE CAN REQUIRE PERMITTED USERS TO ACKNOWLEDGE SOURCE, AND DEMAND SHARE OF FINANCIAL RETURNS

After the health education session as administered by the beginning nurse, you further expected that she proceeds with evaluation. The following would indicate a successful result for evaluation of educational measures, except? * 1 point a. “It is a good thing I have my clay pot ready for times like these.” b. “Children and adult doses differ and I should only follow what is suggested for my case.” c. “I will consult a doctor if my symptoms have not been relieved after a week.” d. “Only one kind of herbal plant should be of use for each type of symptom or sickness.”

c. “I will consult a doctor if my symptoms have not been relieved after a week.” R: It should be not relieved after 2 to 3 uses

Situation: Inadequate healthcare resources may lead to rationing of care and this can have a negative impact on patient safety and the quality of care. 46. Barangay Papasa has a population of 30,000. How many public health nurses should the barangay have? * 1 point a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 7

b. 3 1 PHN: 10,000 1 Dentist: 50,000 1 Midwife: 5,000 1 Physician: 20,000

. Barangay Magtatop has a population of 4,993. How many rural health midwives should the barangay have? * 1 point a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 7

a. 1

Barangay Alphaphi has a population of 100,000. How many rural health unit physicians should the barangay have? * 1 point a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 7

c. 5

There are currently 2,597 Rural Health Units (RHUs) and Urban Health Centers (UHCs) across the country, which is many numbers away from the Department of Health’s (DOH) target of 5,250. This makes the current RHU/UHC to population ratio at 1:40,881, exceeding the DOH’s target of _____: * 1 point a. 1:5,000 b. 1:10,000 c. 1:20,000 d. 1:40,000

c. 1:20,000

The Philippine Health Facility Development Plan 2017-2022 of the DOH has also set a target for hospital bed to population ratio. This ratio is: * 1 point a. 1:200 b. 1:400 c. 1:600 d. 1:800

d. 1:800 An act providing for a comprehensive population to hospital bed ratio 46-49: Human resources for health 2030 Program

Situation: Nurse Laiza is a nurse-manager in Jose Songco Lapid District Hospital. She trains Akemi, the newly-licensed nurse. 51. On her first day of work, Nurse Laiza oriented Nurse Akemi about the history, mission, and philosophy of the organization. She was also toured around the facility as well as introduced to her fellow employees. What management function is being referred to? * 1 point a. Recruitment b. Selection c. Placement d. Indoctrination

d. Indoctrination = PLANNED, GUIDED ADJUSTMENT OF AN EMPLOYEE TO THE ORGANIZATION AND WORK ENVIRONMENR

Nurse Akemi was told that her work schedule for the first month is weekdays. She is tasked to assume 24-hour responsibility for planning the care of one or more patients from admission to discharge. This mode of patient care is: * 1 point a. Functional nursing b. Relationship-based nursing c. Total patient care nursing d. Case management nursing

b. Relationship-based nursing

Just after two months of work, Nurse Laiza already asked Nurse Akemi to schedule her and the other units’ working days for the next month. Saul Gellerman (1968), a humanistic motivational theorist, defined this as: * 1 point a. Stretching b. Workplace violence c. Workplace abuse d. Challenging

a. Stretching : ASSIGNING TASKS THAT ARE MORE DIFFICULT THAN WHAT THE PERSON IS USED TO DOING

Nurse Noemi, a friend of Nurse Akemi who is working in another hospital, told her friend that the latter must apply where the former works because Nurse Akemi is seemed to perform the duties of the manager in her current employer. Nurse Akemi then talked to the human resource to demand for change or yet she will resign. The strategy that Nurse Noemi holds is: * 1 point a. Rational-empirical strategy b. Normative-reeducative strategy c. Power-coercive strategy d. Peer-advice strategy

b. Normative-reeducative strategy

In cases that Nurse Akemi commits an error during patient care while on preceptorship, Nurse Laiza and Jose Songco Lapid District Hospital will be held accountable. This concept is: * 1 point a. Joint liability b. Vicarious liability c. Administrative liability d. Civil liability

b. Vicarious liability: EMPLOYER SHOULD BE HELD LEGALLY LIABLE FOR THE CONDUCT OF EMPLOYEES WHOSE ACTIONS HE OR SHE AS A RIGHT TO DIRECT OR CONTROL

Situation: Research is essential for the advancement of any profession, thus, nurses should be cognizant with Research concepts and processes. 56. Nurse Pauen had written a journal of her own challenges in reviewing for the November 2023 PNLE before conducting a descriptive phenomenological study among the May 2024 takers. This is to avoid bias and this process is: * 1 point A. Bracketing B. Intuiting C. Corroboration D. Saturation

A. Bracketing: PRECONCEIVED BELIEFS AND OPINIONS CONCERNING THE PHENOMENON RESEARCH. NURSE BRACKETS OWN EXPERIENCES IN ORDER TO ISOLATE THE MAY 2024 EXPERIENCE

During data collection, Nurse Pauen remained open to the meanings attributed to the phenomenon by those who currently have experienced it. This is: * 1 point a. Bracketing b. Intuiting c. Corroboration d. Saturation

B. Intuiting - done after bracketing, immersion in the study and phenomenon being studied

Nurse Pauen also asked the informants regarding their scores in Recalls and Pre-board Examinations as they said that one of the challenges they encounter are the practice tests. * 1 point a. Bracketing b. Intuiting c. Corroboration d. Saturation

C. Corroboration - uses evidence

Nurse Alfonso, the other co-worker of Nurse Pauen, decided to conduct research in nursing. An example of “research in nursing” is: * 1 point a. Leadership and Management Styles of Nurse Leaders in selected Pampanga Hospitals b. Health Structure of selected Families of Institutionalized Mothers c. Causative Factors affecting Otitis Media among Children in Angeles City d. Determinants of Cerebro-vascular Accidents among Patients in Hospitals in Porac

a. Leadership and Management Styles of Nurse Leaders in selected Pampanga Hospitals Nursing research: clinical problems Nursing in research: broader study in profession

. An example of “nursing research” is: * 1 point a. Nurses' Perception of Workplace Safety and Job Satisfaction as Predictors to Turnover Intention amidst COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Pampanga b. Coping with Discrimination vis-a-vis Nurses’ Professional Quality of Life during COVID c. Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Disease Severity in Patients with COVID-19 in a Children’s Hospital in Angeles City, Pampanga d. Tolerance and Exposure to Workplace Violence, Adversity, Quotient Level, and Coping Style of Nurses in COVID Times: A Descriptive Study

Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Disease Severity in Patients with COVID-19 in a Children’s Hospital in Angeles City, Pampanga R; talks about clinical problems

Situation: Nurse Jonas is a nurse-researcher in the cancer clinical trial conducted by Sula Medical Hospital. They are studying the effectiveness of Zynyz (retifanlimab-dlwr) among patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. 61. Patient Mae had undergone regional lymph node dissection a week ago to remove the cancer cells. She is also a participant of the trial and has agreed to receive Zynyz for 24 months. Before administering the medication to Patient Mae, the researchers are aware that she must undergo which period first to avoid carrying over the effects of previous intervention? * 1 point a. Breaktime period b. Washout period c. Washdown period d. Recess period

b. Washout period: must not receive any treatment before receiving medication

The period referred to in the question above is required in which clinical trial/research design? * 1 point a. Placebo-controlled b. Factorial c. Noninferiority d. Crossover

d. Crossover

. The period referred to in Question #61 is usually done for how long? * 1 point a. At least 2 times the half-life of the treatment b. At least 3 times the half-life of the treatment c. At least 4 times the half-life of the treatment d. At least 5 times the half-life of the treatment

d. At least 5 times the half-life of the treatment

. Patient Mae belongs to the experimental group as she will receive the medication. The other patients are in the control group. In a clinical trial, a group or subgroup of participants is termed as: * 1 point a. Head b. Arm c. Hand d. Foot

B. Arm - group of subgroup of particpants in clinical trial who receives specific interventions or no interventions. Decided before. A trial begins

Patient Marie, on the other hand, belongs to the control group and will receive a placebo. Similar to placebo, _____ is a procedure or device that is made to be indistinguishable from the actual procedure or device being studied but does not contain active processes or components. This is: * 1 point a. Sham b. Blinding c. Masking d. Sensitization

a. Sham - fake procedure designesd to resemnle a real procedure that is being tested for efficacy Placebo: same with sham but pharmacological studies

Situation: According to statistics, Philippines is ranked fourth worldwide with regards to the incidence of tuberculosis. As a public health nurse, Nurse Daenerys Mondragon intends to update her knowledge about the aforementioned disease. 66. Nurse Daenerys is accurate if she states that which of the following tuberculin test results constitutes a positive reaction? * 1 point a. Patient A, a 5 y/o child who does not have any risk factors, with a 14 mm induration b. Patient B, a recent contact of a person with TB disease, with a 4mm induration c. Patient C, a recent injection drug user, with a 11mm induration d. Patient D, a 2 y/o child, with 9 mm induration

c. Patient C, a recent injection drug user, with a 11mm induration TB Skin Test Reaction (positive) >15mm - for pt without any risk factors >5 mm - immunocompromised >10mm - clid less than 4 y/o

Upon percussion over involved parenchymal areas of an active TB patient with an advanced disease, Nurse Daenerys expects the finding to be characterized as ________. * 1 point a. Hyperresonance b. Dullness c. Resonance d. Tympany

b. Dullness - due to fluid filled lungs

Vitamin B6 is always given in combination with what anti-TB drug in order to prevent neural damage (neuropathies)? * 1 point a. Pyrazinamide b. Ethambutol c. Rifampicin d. Isoniazid

d. Isoniazid: Peripheral Neuritis (Vit. B Complex) Ethambutol: Optic Neuritis (Opthalmic Clearance) Rifampicin: Red Orange Urine (Take with Empty Stomach) Pyrazinamide: Increased Uric Acid (Allopurinol + Febuxostat)

Which of the following pertains to one of the roles of the nurse as a case manager and coordinator in the NTP and DOTS strategy? * 1 point a. Manage the procedures for case-finding activities with other NTP staff workers (Administrator) b. Participate in policy development within the health care system c. Conduct networking and linkaging with the LGUs, and NGOs (Community Organizer) d. Prepare and submit the Quarterly Reports to PHO/CHO (Administrator)

b. Participate in policy development within the health care system = Case managers are involved in policy development

Under the Manuals for Procedures for NTP (tuberculosis program), Nurse Daenerys knows that the term _____ pertains to the systematic screening in health facilities among all consults. * 1 point a. Operational case-finding b. Active case-finding c. Enhanced case-finding d. Intensified case-finding

Systematic Screening among all Consults D. Intensified Case Finding

Situation: As a supervisor of rural health unit, Nurse Geng Geng is responsible in reinforcing the need for information about communicable diseases due to their extensive impact on the affected individuals, families, and communities, affecting them economically, psychologically, and causing disruptions. 71. Nurse Geng Geng is correct if he states that smallpox differs from chickenpox in terms of cropping with the characteristic of the former being: * 1 point a. Generalized but appearing one at a time b. Pocks in one area appearing all at once c. Pocks in one area appearing one at a time d. Generalized and appearing all at once

b. Pocks in one area appearing all at once

Nurse Geng Geng recalls that the common resident microorganism situated on mouth, intestine, and vagina pertains to _________. * 1 point a. Bacteroides b. Corynebacterium xerosis c. Pityrosporum ovale (yeast) d. Enterobacter

a. Bacteroides

What is the most common complication of epidemic parotitis in the male adult? * 1 point a. Prostatitis b. Epididymitis c. Seminal vesiculitis d. Orchitis

d. Orchitis - virus travels to lymphatic system Epidemic parotitis (Mumps)

. The following are interventions intended during the care of a child with mumps, except: * 1 point a. Ensure that all health care personnel in contact with the child wear a surgical mask. b. Apply hot compresses to the neck. c. Apply local support with snug-fitting underpants. d. Allow consumption of ice cream, yoghurt, and scrambled eggs.

(-) Ensure that all health care personnel in contact with the child wear a surgical mask. (Use N95 Mask) B. Provide comfort C. Complication of MUMPs D. Soft Diet alleiate discomforts

Which of the following describes the structure of measles virus? * 1 point a. Single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus with 1 serotype b. Double-stranded RNA virus with many serotypes (ROTA) c. Single-stranded, non-enveloped RNA virus with 3 serotypes (Polio) d. Double-stranded RNA virus with 1 serotype

Single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus with 1 serotype

Situation: Nurse Georginito is caring for patients with HIV. He is able to utilize not only respiratory precautions, but also his up-to-date learnings he acquired in seminars about the disease condition. 76. Which common respiratory opportunistic infection occurs typically in an HIV-diagnosed patient whose CD4+ count is less than 50 cells/mm3? * 1 point a. Pneumocystis pneumonia b. Tuberculosis c. Mycobacterium avium complex d. Kaposi sarcoma

c. Mycobacterium avium complex D- oncologic opportunistic infection and not respiratory

Which intervention is incorrect in decreasing the risk of sexual transmission of HIV infection? * 1 point a. Voluntary male circumcision b. Sexual abstinence c. Consistent and correct use of natural male condoms d. Use of polyurethane female condom

c. Consistent and correct use of natural male condoms R: Natural is wrong, it should be latex condoms

At what stage of HIV infection does multiplication of HIV in the body occurs but at very low levels? * 1 point a. Stage 1 b. Stage 2 c. Stage 3 d. Stage 4

b. Stage 2 - chronic stage 1: acute; rapid proliferation 3: AIDS; body can’t fight opportunistic infections

Ritonavir, one of the prescribed medications to patient, blocks which enzyme in order to prevent HIV from replicating? * 1 point a. Integrase b. Reverse Transcriptase c. DNA polymerase d. Protease

d. Protease

What laboratory study will Nurse Georginito anticipate to be ordered for the purpose of determining the progression of HIV? * 1 point a. Viral culture b. p24 antigen assay c. Viral load testing d. CD4+ T-cell count

D. CD4+ T-Cells Cunt - determines the progression of HIV (this decrease as the disease progress as rresultant in decrease in Immunity) Viral Load - presence of HIV viral genetic material (RNA) or another viral protein in clients Blood

Situation: Multiple LGUs in Palawan have decided to push for a campaign against malaria. Nurse Covidubidapdap, a public health nurse, is tasked to provide supplemental health education for residents. 81. Nurse Covidubidapdap is accurate in stating that the correct interventions to prevent malaria transmission are the following, except: * 1 point a. Wearing of long-sleeved garments and long trousers between dusk and dawn b. Taking of chloroquine tablets c. Use of borax-treated bed nets d. Sleeping in fully air-conditioned or screened accommodation

c. Use of borax-treated bed nets Borax only affects ants cockroaches

During the discussion, a patient states a misconception regarding malaria. Nurse Covidubidapdap will correct the patient as he/she states that: * 1 point a. I can take anti-malarial drugs while breastfeeding. b. Malaria is typically found in places w. ‘ith arid climate. c. I won’t be able to donate blood 3 years after my treatment. d. I do not need to wait a specific period of time after my use of anti-malarial drug before becoming pregnant.

b. Malaria is typically found in places with arid climate. - it should be tropical countries ARID = DESERT PLACES

The following options are classified as antimalarial drugs, except: * 1 point a. Diiodohydroxyquin b. Atovaquone c. Proguanil d. Tafenoquine

(-) A. Diiodohydroxyquine R:: this is indicated for Amoebiasis

According to the case categories by the WHO, this pertains to the type of malaria acquired by mosquito transmission from an imported case in an area where malaria is not a regular occurrence. * 1 point a. Imported b. Induced c. Cryptic d. Introduced

D. introduced - acquired by mosquito transmission from imported case A. acquired by outsde specific area B. Aquired tghrough arteficial means C. Isolated case of malaria

Which of the following statements best describes the course of untreated malarial pathogen? * 1 point a. Untreated parasite stays in the bloodstream, which may lead to sepsis. b. If left untreated, the parasite becomes dormant in the liver, which then reactivates. c. Without proper treatment, spleen serves as the host organ for parasite, thereby reducing the number of RBCs. d. Pathogens reside in the pancreas, leading to infected pancreatic necrosis.

b. If left untreated, the parasite becomes dormant in the liver, which then reactivates. = HYPNOIZOITES = RELAPSING MALARIA They don’t stay in bloodstream, they travel

Situation: The primary function of Nurse Chocowacko revolves around providing health teaching on preventive measures and rendering supportive care during management of afflicted cases of different communicable diseases. 86. Nurse Chocowacko provided correct supplemental teaching to one of his patients when he states that ________ is established as a cornerstone therapy for tetanus manifestations. * 1 point a. Intravenous magnesium b. Human tetanus immunoglobulin (HTIG) c. Benzodiazepines d. Intravenous opioids

c. Benzodiazepines

Nurse Chocowacko is also precise in emphasizing that in diagnosis of typhoid fever, which test is the primary mechanism for confirmation of the disease? * 1 point a. Widal test b. Blood culture c. Stool and urine culture d. PCR assay

b. Blood culture: Most commonly performed. Inexpensive or technically difficult. Widal test: Serological Test but not commonly used PCR assay: Low sensitivities

Salmonella is said to be spread by ‘four Fs’, which among the options is an exception? * 1 point a. Filth b. Fingers c. Flies d. Feces

a. Filth = it should be FOMITES B - lack of hygiene C - food poisoning bacteria D - fecal-oral route

If presence of antibodies to HbeAg is detected, it is implied that ________. * 1 point a. There is an indication of recovery and development of immunity b. There is a possible chronic infection state c. There is a possible continuing HBV in the liver d. There is an ongoing replication of HBV

b. There is a possible chronic infection state = Hbsag C- hbcag Hbxag

Schistosoma haematobium, an etiologic agent of schistosomiasis, is a recognized carcinogen which predisposes affected people to what type of cancer? * 1 point a. Liver cancer b. Colorectal cancer c. Hematologic cancer d. Bladder cancer

d. Bladder cancer

Nurse Hamish wants to know about the qualifications of Nursing board members in the country. Which of the following qualification(s) is/are included? * 1 point a. Have at least five (5) years of continuous practice of the profession prior to appointment. b. Not have been charged with any offense involving moral turpitude. c. Be a holder of a master’s degree in nursing conferred by university and recognized by Government. d. All of the above.

c. Be a holder of a master’s degree in nursing conferred by university and recognized by Government. A. Is wrong it should be 10 years of continuous practice and 5 years of which in Philippines

Nurse Vanessa has been practicing her profession for three years already since she passed the NLE. She needs to renew her license, because this is mandated under: * 1 point a. RA 6715 b. RA 9173 c. LOI 567 d. LOI 7600

c. LOI 567 RA 6715: Act ammending the labor code RA 7600: Rooming in

The implementing rules and regulations of RA 9173 were passed through which resolution number? * 1 point a. BON Resolution No. 458 b. BON Resolution No. 459 c. BON Resolution No. 460 d. BON Resolution No. 461

B. BON resolution No 459

Patient Kiel, 45 years old, male, is in the Medical Ward of Hospital XYZ, awaiting elective surgery. Based on the level of care categories, how many nursing care hours per day is the patient expected to receive? * 1 point a. 1.5 NCH/day b. 3 NCH/day - intermediate care or moderate c. 4.5 NCH/day - total or maximum d. 6 NCH/day - intensive

a. 1.5 NCH/day

Greta, 26 years old, female, is admitted to the Neurointensive Care Unit after suffering from a severe hemorrhagic stroke. Today is her third postoperative day after craniotomy. Her vitals are slightly out of normal range, yet she is still on post-op bleeding precautions. Based on the level of care Greta requires, she is in what category? * 1 point a. Category I b. Category II c. Category III d. Category IV

d. Category IV

Nurse Kate has had 5 years of experience in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) of a tertiary hospital. She is able to decide based on priorities, and is able to perceive situations as whole rather than parts. Based on Benner’s Theory of Novice to Expert, in what stage is Nurse Kate in? * 1 point a. Stage 3: Competent b. Stage 4: Proficient c. Stage 5: Expert d. Stage 6: Specialist

b. Stage 4: Proficient

Situation: You work as a researcher in the Nursing Research Department of Hospital ABC. You are looking into the causes of postoperative infection rates of Ward X. Your population consists of patients with indwelling urinary catheters. 97. You know that your null hypothesis states that, “Non-adherence to sterile techniques while cleaning indwelling urinary catheters does not contribute to post-op infection rates”. If you reject your null hypothesis and later find out that it is actually true in your population, you have committed what type of statistical error? * 1 point a. Type I b. Type II c. True rejection d. False rejection

a. Type I or False Positive Type II: False Negative

As part of your routine assessment, you examine your population’s temperature levels. Temperature is what type of measurement? * 1 point a. Nominal b. Ordinal c. Interval d. Ratio

Interval

Prior to conduct of any research or invasive procedure involving human participants, informed consent must be obtained. The elements of informed consent include the following except: * 1 point a. Voluntariness b. Full disclosure c. Competence of the patient d. Signature of the primary care provider

(-) D. Signature of pt and 2 witness

You conclude that the primary contributor to post-op infection for patients with indwelling catheters in Ward X is the length of catheterization, which potentiates exposure to invasive bacteria. You propose measures that decrease lengths of catheterization in your patient population. The extent to which the results of the study can be solely attributed to the action of the independent variable and nothing else is called? * 1 point a. Reliability b. Sensitivity c. Internal validity d. External validity

c. Internal validity: how much we can correlate variable A to variable B D: generalizability to target population A: How consistent measures concept of interest B: Able to detect small variations of fine differences

PREBOARDS 1_NP 1 Flashcards

(100 cards)