Prehistory - Stone Age Flashcards
Paleo, Meso, Neolithic and Chalco (263 cards)
1
Q
True or False
The Neolithic age was characterised by the use of copper tools
A
False
Neolithic - stone; Chalcolithic - copper
2
Q
True or False
The Palaeolithic age is divided into Lower, Upper and Middle periods
A
True
But not universally - some contradictions
3
Q
True or False
Microliths are associated with a decline in the group hunting of large animals in favour of a broader hunter-gatherer way of life
A
True
Mesolithic age
4
Q
True or False
Neolithic age saw the beginning of agriculture and settled life
A
True
5
Q
True or False
Early agricultural practices in the Neolithic age were characterised by a restricted selection of both cultivated and wild plant species
A
True
6
Q
Microliths are associated with which age
A
Mesolithic
7
Q
Which age marks the onset of agriculture and settled life
A
Neolithic
8
Q
Neolithic age is characterised by the presence of what kind of tools
A
Stone
9
Q
Which age is characterised by the presence of Copper tools
A
Chalcolithic age
10
Q
Which Chalcolithic culture was primarily situated along the tributaries of the Ganges and associated with Painted Grey Ware (PGW)?
A
Gangetic Culture
11
Q
Gangetic culture is associated with which type of pottery?
A
Painted Grey Ware (PGW)
12
Q
Where was the Jorwe culture situated?
A
Maharashtra
13
Q
True or False
Jorwe culture was associated with PGW
A
False
14
Q
Where was the Ahar-Banas Culture situated?
A
Rajasthan
15
Q
True or False
Ahar-Banas culture is associated with PGW
A
False
16
Q
True or False
Gangetic culture is associated with PGW
A
True
17
Q
Where was Malwa culture situated
A
Western Madhya Pradesh
18
Q
True or False
Malwa Culture was associated with PGW
A
False
19
Q
True or False
Hand axes and cleavers were predominantly used in the Upper Palaeolithic period
A
False
Lower Paleolithic
20
Q
True or False
The earliest phase of man’s existence can be studied through the Palaeolithic age
A
True
21
Q
True or False
Soan valley in Punjab is associated with Middle Palaeolithic age
A
True
22
Q
True or False
Paleolithic age ended with the onset of agriculture
A
False
Agriculture onset marks Neolithic, Paleo is followed by Mesolithic
23
Q
True or False
Use of iron tools and advancement in iron smelting facilitated the rise of empires by providing more durable weapons
A
True
24
Q
True or false
The use of iron tools deepened social stratification
A
True
25
Hand axes are predominantly associated with which age
Upper Paleolithic
26
Which tools are associated with the Mesolithic age?
1. Microliths
2. Harpoons
3. Burins
27
# True or False
The majority of rock paintings in Bhimbetka are associated with the Mesolithic period
True
28
Bhimbetka is known for ____
Prehistoric rock paintings
29
# True or False
Bird depictions in Bhimbetka suggests reliance on birds for survival
False
30
# True or False
Presence of human figures in Bhimbetka paintings signifies complex social structures
False
31
What change in lifestyle is represented by Microliths appearing in the Mesolithic period?
Alteration from large, unwieldy tools to smaller, more refined ones
32
Bhimbetka site contains
A. Rock Paintings
B. Traces of Agriculture
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B
A. Rock Paintings
| No agriculture traces - mesolithic site
33
What is the archaelogical site at Bagor known for?
1. Riverine setting
2. Evidence of fishing
3. Distinctive microlithic industry
4. Pastoralism
5. Hunting
34
What is the archaeological site of Mahadaha known for
Evidence of both hunting and fishing
35
# True or False
Indus Valley/ Harappan civilization is considered part of India's "prehistoric" phase
False
| Proto-historic (due to presence of writing, albeit indecipherable?)
36
Cave paintings first appeared during which age?
Upper Paleolithic
37
Stone blades and bladelets were frequently used, especially in regions closer to hills in South India during which age
Chalcolithic
38
# True or False
Iron was extensively used in Ahar culture
False
| Ahar extensively used copper
39
# True or False
Ahar culture is known for its smelting and metallurgy in the use of iron and copper
False
| Only copper
40
Ahar culture is known for extensive use of which resource?
Copper
41
# True or False
The Middle Paleolithic Age features predominance of cleavers and hand axes
False
| Upper Paleo
42
The Levallois technique for flake production became prominent in which period?
Middle Paleolithic
43
Agricultural practices in Neolithic Age:
A. Shifting slash-and-burn agriculture
B. Terrace farming with elaborate irrigation
C. Floodplain agriculture featuring silt deposition
D. Semi-permanent agriculture based on domestication of select grains like wheat and barley
D. Semi-permanent agriculture based on domestication of select grains like wheat and barley
44
Shifting slash and burn agriculture characterised which type of prehistoric society
Pre-Neolithic
45
# True or False
The Deccan Plateau was uninhabited during prehistoric ages due to arid climate
False
46
# True or False
Presence of perennial rivers contributed to the development of the Indus Valley Civilization
True
47
# True or False
Coastal areas were unfavourable to prehistoric settlements due to the unpredictable nature of the sea
False
48
# True or False
Forested regions provided natural habitat for prehistoric societies due to flora and fauna
True
49
Bhimbetka rock paintings date back how many years?
Approx. 30,000 years
50
Who identified the first paleolithic tool in India?
Robert Foote
51
Acheulian tool culture characteristic of which age
Lower Paleolithic
| Bifacial hand axes and cleavers
52
Acheulian tool culture period
1.76 million to 200,000 years ago
53
Oldowan tool culture
Chopping implements
54
Sociopolitical organization in the Chalcolithic age
Chiefdoms
55
Mesolithic people relied on
1. Hunting
2. Fishing
3. Food gathering
4. Later, domestication of animals
56
When and where did cultivation of plants start
7000-6000 BC, in Rajasthan
| Based on study of deposits in Sambhar
57
Bhimbhetka paintings portray animals for what purpose
To assert control over them for hunting purposes
58
First historian/ Father of history
Herodotus
59
3 phases of history
1. Prehistory
2. Proto-history
3. History
60
Period for which there are no written records
Prehistory
61
Ages of Pre-history
1. Paleolithic
2. Mesolithic
3. Neolithic
4. Chalcolithic
5. Bronze Age
62
What is protohisotry
Periods where non writing cultures are acknowledged in the writings of neighbouring cultures
63
Earliest deciphered inscription from Indian History
Ashokan inscriptions
| by James Prinsep (Prakrit language, Brahmi script)
64
Earliest known punch marked coins issued by
Nanda Dynasty
65
What is Pana/ Karshapana
Basic punch marked coins
66
Father of Indian Archaeology
Alexander Cunningham
| First director general of Archaeological Survey of India, 1861
67
Jain text describing the administration of Chandragupta Maurya
Kalpasutra
68
Text describing the 16 Mahajanapadas
Bhagwatisutra
69
# True or False
Manusmriti is a non-religious source of history
True
| Deals with law, not religion
70
# True or False
Dharmashastras are a religious source of history
False
| Non-religious
71
Non religious sources of history
1. Dharmashastras
2. Manusmriti
3. Arthashastra
4. Sangam literature
72
# True or False
First foreign individual to write about India was Megasthenes
False
| Herodotus describes India-Persia relations in Historica
73
Author of *Historica*
Herodotus
74
Which foreign literary source describes trade relations between India and Italy
*Naturalis Historia* by Pliny the Elder
| 1st c. AD
75
# True or False
*The Periplus of the Erythrean Sea* was written by Ptolemy
False
| Author unknown
76
Ancient foreign text that provides valuable data on ancient geography, trade and commerce
*Geographical Treatise on India* by Ptolemy
77
Capital of Vijayanagara Empire
Hampi
78
Hampi's natural fortifications are an aspect of which geographical feature
Deccan Plateau
79
Stone age extended through what period of time
2,600,000 - 4,000 BC
80
Paleolithic sites in India
1. Bhimbetka
2. Kurnool caves
3. Hungsi
81
Neolithic sites in India
1. Mehrgarh
2. Burzahom
3. Chirand
4. Koldihwa
5. Daojali Hading
6. Hallur
7. Paiyampalli
82
Megalithic sites in India
Brahmagiri
83
Paleolithic age extended for what duration
2,600,000 - 10,000 BC
84
Mesolithic age extended for what duration ?
10,000 - 6,000 BC
85
Neolithic age extended for what duration?
6,000 - 4,000 BC
86
The term "Paleolithic Age was coined by
John Lubbock
87
Duration of Lower Paleolithic Age
600,000 - 150,000 BC
| RS Sharma
According to EduRev - 2,600,000 - 100,000 BC
88
Middle Paleolithic Age duration
150,000 - 35,000 BC
| RS Sharma
Acc. to EduRev - 100,000 - 40,000 BC
89
Upper Paleolithic Age duration
35,000 - 10,000 BC
| RS Sharma
Acc. to EduRev 40,000 - 10,000 BC
90
Between 35,000 - 1,500 BC, tools relating to the Midle and Upper Paleolithic ages have been found in ____
Deccan Plateau
91
Significance of the Bori artefacts
Suggests human presence in India around 1.4 million years ago (middle Pleistocene).
| Maharashtra
92
# True or False
Lower Paleolithic age can be associated with *Homo sapiens sapiens*
False
| Homo sapiens
93
What tools characterised the Middle Paleolithic age
Tools made of flakes -
1. Blades
2. Points
3. Borers
4. Scrapers
94
Lower Paleolithic sites in subcontinent
1. Bori, Maharashtra
2. Son valley, Punjab, Pakistan
3. Belan valley, UP
4. Didwana desert, Rajasthan
5. Chirki-Nevasa, Maharashtra
6. Nagarjunakonda, Andhra Pradesh
95
How many tools found at Chirki-Nevasa, Maharashtra, and of what age
2000 Lower Paleolithic tools
96
Middle Paleo sites
1. Along the Narmada river
2. South of the Tungabhadra
3. Belan Valley, UP
97
No of upper Paleo sites
566
98
Features of upper paleolithic age
1. Warmer, less humid climate (Post-Pleistocene)
2. New flint industries
3. Appearance of *homo sapiens sapiens*
99
Upper Paleo tools
1. Blades
2. Burins
3. Large flakes
4. Scrapers
100
Upper Paleo sites
1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Karnataka
3. Maharashtra
4. Central MP
5. South UP
6. Jharkand
7. Bhimbetka
8. Gujarat sand dunes
101
Transitional phase between Paleo and Neo
Mesolithic
102
Mesolithic occupations
1. Hunting
2. Fishing
3. Food gathering
4. Domesticated animals
103
Characteristic tool of mesolithic age
Microliths (small tools)
104
Mesolithic sites
1. Rajasthan
2. South UP
3. Central and E. India
105
Prominent meso site in Rajasthan
Bagor
106
Features of the Bagor meso site in Rajasthan
1. Distinctive microlith industry
2. Hunting
3. Pastoralism
107
Earliest evidence of domestication of animals - time period
5,000 BC
108
Where was earliest domestication of animals
Bagor, Rajasthan
Adamgarh, MP
109
When did cultivation of plants first appear
7000-6000 BC
110
What does Sambhar lake deposits in Rajasthan show
Evidence of cultivation
111
Prominent site featuring Paleo Art
Bhimbhetka, MP
112
How many rock shelters with paintings in Bhimbetka
5000+
113
Art in the paleolithic age was for the purpose of:
A. Art for the sake of art
B. Art and ritual to overcome social conflict
C. Depicting wild animals to ensure control over them
D. Pass on traditional knowledge across generations
C. Depicting wild animals to ensure control over them
114
Bhimbhetka paintings feature
1. Wild animals and birds
2. Some human male and female figures
115
First evidence of human beings in the subcontinent
Bori caves
116
Paleolithic sites
1. Soan Valley
2. Potwar Plateau
3. Siwalik hills
4. Bhimbhetka
5. Adamgarh hill, Narmada Valley
6. Kurnool caves, Andhra Pradesh
7. Atirampakkam, Chennai
117
Earliest evidence of dentistry
Mehrgarh, 5500 BC
118
Stone age bands - number of people
Up to 25
119
Stone age groups of bands (alliances) - number of people
Up to 500
120
In what time period did the band turn into the clan
Neolithic age
121
# True or False
The concept of clan that developed in the Neolithic age was endogamous
FALSE
| Exogamous
122
Earliest Neolithic site in the subcontinent
Mehrgarh, Balochistan, Pakistan (7000 BC)
123
What Neolithic settlement is found on the bank of the Bolan river, Kochi plain
Mehrgarh
124
Which area is known as the bread basket of Balochistan
Kochi plain
125
Neolithic structures were built with
Mud and reed
126
Neolithic structures in Mehrgarh are considered more advanced coz they were built with
Mudbrick
127
Which time period saw considerable agricultural expansion from the Kochi plain to the Indus plain
4500-3500 BC
128
When did the potter's wheel first show up
4500 BC
129
Number of Neolithic sites found in the basin of the dried up Hakra river
47
130
# True or False
The Neolithic phase in the Indian subcontinent began later than in the rest of West Asia
True
131
Aside from Mehrgarh, earliest Neolithic settlements in the Indian subcontinent dated to
5000 BC
132
The majority of the Neolithic settlements in India are located in
South and East India
133
The majority of the Neolithic settlements in India are from what time period
2500-1000 BC
134
# True or False
Cereals were produced in substantial quantities and stored in granaries in the Neolithic age
True
135
Neolithic settlements are characterised by ____ tools
Polished stone tools
Bone tools
136
Neolithic settlements can be categorized geographically based on the difference in ____
Stone axes
137
Based on differences in stone axes, neolithic settlements can be geographically categorized as:
1. North West Settlement - rectangular axes with curved edges
2. North East settlement - Polished stone axe with rectangular butt and occasional stone hoes
3. Southern settlement - axes with oval sides and pointed butts
138
Kashmiri neolithic settlement belongs to which geographic category
North West settlement
139
Features of Kashmiri neolithic settlements
1. Dwelling pits
2. Wide range of ceramics
3. Variety of stone and bone tools
4. Absence of microliths
140
Which neolithic settlement is characterisede by absence of microliths
Kashmiri neolithic settlement
141
Most important site of the Kashmiri neolithic settlement
Burzahom
142
Burzahom site belongs to what age
Neolithic age
143
Burzahom site is dated to
2700 BC
144
Features of Burzahom site
1. Hunting and fishing economy
2. Some agriculture
3. Lake site in pits
4. Coarse grey pottery
5. Dogs buried with their masters
145
Chirand was a site from which age
Neolithic age
146
Features of Chirand site
1. Considerable variety of bone tools made of deer antlers
2. Situated at the junction of 4 rivers - Ganges, Son, Gandak, Ghaghara
3. Considered Late neolithic - 2000 BC
147
Which Neolithic site is situated at the junction of 4 rivers
Chirand
148
Name the 4 rivers at whose junction Chirand is situated
1. Ganges
2. Son
3. Gandak
4. Ghaghara
149
Name the North Western neolithic sites
1. Burzahom
2. Baluchistan
3. Kashmir Valley
150
Name the North Eastern neolithic sites
1. Chirand
2. Assam hills
3. Garo hills, Meghalaya
4. Vindhyas - Mirzapur and Koldihwa and Mahagra in Allahabad
151
South Indian neolithic settlements were typically found south of which river
Godavari
152
Southern neolithic settlements were typically located on ____
Top of granite hills or plateaus near river banks
153
Features of southern neolithic settlements
1. Located on top of granite hills and plateaus near river banks
2. Stone axes and blades
3. Fire baked earthern figurines
4. Domestication of cattle, sheep and goats
5. Stone querns for grinding corn (cereals)
154
Neolithic settlements were known for domestication of what animals
1. Cows
2. Sheep
3. Goats
155
Largest group of Neolithic settlements found where, and why
South India, due to availability of stone
156
Important southern neolithic settlements
1. Karnataka:
a) Maski
b) Brahmagiri
c) Hallur
d) Kodekal
e) Sanganakallu
f) Piklihal
g) Takkalakote
2. Tamil Nadu - Paiyampalli
3. Andhra Pradesh - Utnur
157
Features of Piklihal
1. Cattle herding, and domestication of goats and sheep
2. Seasonal camps surrounded by cow pens
3. Set fire to the campsite at the end of the season to clear the way for the next camping
4. Ash mounds and habitation sites found
158
Crops grown by Neolithic communities
1. Ragi
2. Horse gram
3. Rice
159
Crops grown in Mehrgarh
1. Wheat
2. Barley
160
Ways in which Mehrgarh was more advanced than other Neolithic sites
1. Developed earlier - in 7000 BC
2. Cultivated wheat and barley
3. Build mud brick structures as opposed to simpler structures of mud and reed
161
Neolithic housing
Circular or rectangular houses of mud and reed
162
Why did pottery develop in the Neolithic age
With advent of agriculture, pots were needed for storing food grains, cooking, eating and drinking
163
How did the Potter's Wheel come to the subcontinent
Came to Baluchistan from West Asia and spread to the subcontinent
164
Neolithic pottery types
1. Black burnished ware
2. Grey ware
3. Matimpressed ware
165
Neolithic tools
1. Celts
2. Axes
3. Adzes
4. Chisels
166
# True or False
MP and the upper Deccan are a rich source of Neolithic settlements
FALSE
| Neolithic settlements are generally fewer in these areas
167
Limitations of the Neolithic people
They were almost entirely dependent on stone for tools and weapons, and therefore limited to hilly areas
168
When did the use of metals first begin?
Neolithic age
169
What was the first metal used
Copper
170
# True or False
Chalcolithic cultures are found only in the Pre-Harappan Phase
FALSE
| Chalc cultures found pre and concurrent with the mature Harappan phase
171
Regions where Chalcolithic cultures are found
1. SE Rajasthan
2. W. Madhya Pradesh
3. W. Maharashtra
4. S. India
5. E. India
172
What are the primary Chalcolithic sites in SE Rajasthan
Ahar and Gilund
173
Which are the primary Chalcolithic sites in W. Madhya Pradesh
Kayatha and Eran in Malwa
174
Which is the richest among Chalcolithic ceramics?
Malwaware
175
Which are the primary Chalcolithic sites in W. Maharashtra?
*Jorwe culture in Ahmednagar:*
1. Jorwe
2. Nevasa
3. Daimabad
*Jorwe culture in Pune:*
1. Chandoli
2. Songaon
3. Namgaon
*Prakash*
*Nasik*
176
On the banks of which river is Jorwe found?
Pravara
177
Jorwe culture shows elements of which ancient/ stone age cultures
1. Southern neolithic cultures
2. Malwa culture
178
Jorwe culture lasted for what duration
1400-700 BC
179
Jorwe culture spread across modern Maharashtra except?
Vidarbha and coastal Konkan
180
# True or False
Jorwe culture was purely rural in nature
FALSE
| Some of the settlements were almost urban
181
Soil prevalent at Jorwe culture sites
Brown-black soil
182
Vegetation prevalent at Jorwe culture sites
*Ber* and *babul*
183
Which chalcolithic site was found on the banks of the Narmada
Navdatoli
184
# True or False
Chirand showed only Neolithic age culture
False
| Chirand had both Neolithic and Chalcolithic culture
185
Tools of the Chalcolithic age
- Stone blades and bladelets
- Copper weapons, tools and utensils
186
Other name of Ahar
Tambavati
187
What duration did Ahar culture last for?
2100 - 1500 BC
188
# True or False
Ahar had no microliths
True
189
# True or False
Gilund had more copper objects than stone objects
False
| Gilund had mainly stone objects with a few copper objects
190
What copper objects were found at Ahar and Gilund?
1. Copper sheets
2. Flat axes
3. Bangles
191
Which chalcolithic site featured a single bronze sheet
Ahar
192
Prominent regional centre of Ahar culture
Gilund
193
Gilund primarily featured which industry
Stone blade
194
Copper chisels were found at which Chalcolithic site?
Chandoli
195
What distinctive tool is Jorwe known for
Flat, rectangular copper axes
196
Chalcolithic pottery
- Black and red ware
- Made on pottery wheel
- Occasionally painted with white, linear designs
197
Types of chalcolithic pottery
- Channel spouted pots
- Dishes on stand
- Bowls on Stand
198
# True or False
Very few painted pots were found in Eastern India
True
199
What animals did Chalcolithic people domesticate?
1. Cows
2. Sheep
3. Goat
4. Pigs
5. Buffalloes
200
What did Chalcolithic people hunt?
Primarily deer
201
# True or False
Chalcolithic people were acquainted with the horse
False
202
What crops were grown in the Chalcolithic age
1. Wheat
2. Rice
3. Bajra
4. Masur
5. Blackgram
6. Green gram
7. Gram peas
8. *Ber*
9. Linseed
10. Cotton
203
# True or False
Cotton was grown in the Chalcolithic age
True
| Cotton first grown in Neolithic and Harappan times too
204
Traces of which crops were found at Navdatoli
1. Wheat
2. Rice
3. Bajra
4. Masur
5. Blackgram
6. Green gram
7. Gram peas
8. *Ber*
9. Linseed
205
Which crops were grown primarily in the lower Deccan
1. Rai
2. Bajra
3. Several other millets
206
In which area were fish hooks and rice predominantly found belonging to the Chalcolithic age?
W. Bengal
207
Where was Ahar culture located
Banas Valley, Rajasthan
208
How much area did Ahar and Gilund cover
4 hectares
209
# True or False
Burnt brick was common in construction during the Chalcolithic period
False
| It's only found rarely in Gilund (1500 BC)
210
Primary materials of construction during the Chalcolithic age
Wattle and daub with thatched huts
211
Largest Jorwe culture site
Daimabad, 20 hectares
212
What are did Daimabad cover, and what population could it have housed
20 hectares, 4000 people
213
Types of buildings found in Inamgaon during the early Chalcolithic period
Large mud houses with ovens, and circular pit houses
214
# True or False
Inamgaon shows traces only of the early Chalcolithic period
False
| Both early and late Chalcolithic periods
215
What did the Chief's houses look like in Inamgaon, later Chalcolithic period
House with 5 rooms, of which 4 were rectangular and 1 circular - chief's house
216
What buildings were found in Inamgaon belonging to the early Chalcolithic period
Chief's house (5 rooms, 4 rectangular, 1 circular)
Granary close to chief's house (possibly for storing tribute in kind)
100+ houses
Numerous grave sites
Fortifications and moat surrounding the settlement
217
# True or False
Spinning and weaving were not known until after the chalcolithic age
False
| Cotton flax and silk threads at Chalc sites imply spinning and weaving
218
What types of craftsmen existed in the Chalcolithic settlements
1. Stoneworkers
2. Coppersmiths
3. Potters
4. Ivory carvers
5. Teracotta artisans
6. Lime makers (?)
219
# True or False
Regional and social differences first began to appear in Neolithic society
False
| Chalcolithic
220
# True or False
Chalcolithic settlements appeared in Maharashtra and E. India before they did in Malwa and Central India
False
| Malwa & C. India earlier
221
What primarily regional differences were seen in Chalcolithic settlements between East and West India
- East India primarily cultivated rice, west India primarily cultivated wheat and barley
- East India primarily subsisted on fish, west India featured more animal diet
- East India typically saw fractional burial whereas West India showed complete extended burial
222
# True or False
Chalcolithic cultures in Maharashtra buried their dead in the East to West direction
False
| North to South; E-W seen in S. Indian Chalc cultures
223
What direction did South Indian chalcolithic cultures bury their dead
East to West
224
Burial practices of Chalcolithic cultures in Maharashtra
- Buried in North to South direction
- In urns beneath the floor - no separate gravesite / cemeteries
- Pots and copper objects for the next life buried with them
225
# True or False
Chalcolithic cultures probably worshipped the mother goddess
True
| Based on nude terracotta figures of women
226
What was possibly worshipped in Malwa and Rajasthan Chalcolithic cultures
Religious cult of the bull - based on stylised terracotta figures of bull found there
227
What signs of social inequalities were found in Chalcolithic cultures
**Jorwe**
- Settlements featured 2 types of houses - rectangular and circular, i.e. the houses of chief and his kinsmen, and everyone else
- Similarly, craftsmen's dwellings were on the western fringe whereas chief's dwelling was in the centre
**Chandoli & Nevasa**
Some children were buried with copper based necklaces, others only with pots
**Kayatha**
One home contained 29 copper bangles, 2 unique axes and necklaces of steatite and carnelian
228
During what time period was Ganeshwar settled
2800 - 2200 BC
229
Ganeshwar likely supplied copper to ____
Harappa
230
What important Chalcolithic site lies close to Sikar-Jhunjhunu, near the Khetri copper belt
Ganeshwar
231
What copper items have been found in Ganeshwar
1. Arrowheads
2. Spearheads
3. Fish hooks
4. Colts
5. Bangles
6. Chisels
232
Pottery associated with Chalcolithic age
Ochre Coloured Pottery (OCP)
233
Features of OCP
- red slipped ware
- painted black
- vase forms
234
Which of the following best describes Ganeshwar:
A. Urban culture
B. OCP/ Copper hoard culture
C. Pre-Harappan Chalcolithic culture
D. Bronze Age Pre-Harappan culture
C. Pre-Harappan Chalcolithic culture
235
Pre Harappan Chalcolithic culture can be seen at which sites associated with IVC
1. Kot Diji
2. Kalibangan
3. Banawali
4. Ganeshwar
5. Amri
236
Duration in which Kayatha was settled
2000 - 1800 BC
237
Chalcolithic cultures that were unrelated to Harappan civlization
1. Malwa Culture (Navdatoli, Eran, Nagde (?)
2. Jorwe culture
3. Southern and East Indian cultures
238
How many Chalcolithic sites were found in the mid-Gangetic basin
138
239
The Chalcolithic cultures of the mid-Gangetic basin can be dated to what time period
1500 - 700 BC
240
How many Neolithic culture sites were found in the mid-Gangetic basin
854
241
Chalcolithic cultures of the mid-Gangetic basin were predominantly located where
- River junctions
- Upland areas near hills
242
Prominent Chalcolithic settlements in W. Bengal
1. Pandu Rajar Dhibi
2. Mahishdar
243
Only Chalcolithic culture in C. and W. India to last till 700 BC
Jorwe
244
Black and red ware has been found until what time period
2 BC
245
# True or False
Chalcolithic cultures blend seamlessly into Iron age cultures in Southern India
False
| Neolithic blended into Chalc in S - Neo-Chalc
Chalc turned to Mega in S
246
A gap of ____ years is seen between the decline of Chalcolithic cultures and the rise of the early historic cultures in C. and W. India
400-600
247
Reasons for decline of Chalcolithic cultures in Western India and W. MP
Reduction in rainfall to the area from 1200 BC onwards
248
Why did civilizations take longer to rise in Western and Central India
The black cotton soil of the Deccan was difficult to cultivate through the use of a digging stick alone
249
# True or False
Red soil areas didn't see a gap between Chalcolithic and Iron age cultures
True
| Agriculture was easier in red soil than black
250
# True or False
Chalcolithic cultures were found all over India
False
| Not found on alluvial plains and thickly forested areas
251
The first cultures to use painted pottery
Chalcolithic
252
# True or False
Neolithic cultures blended seamlessly into Chalcolithic cultures in the South
True
| Called Neo-Chalcolithic
253
Most Chalcolithic structures have been found in
1. W. Maharashtra
2. W. MP
3. SE Rajasthan
254
Which Chalcolithic settlements showed fortifications
1. Kayatha
2. Eran
3. Inamgaon
255
# True or False
Post holes and round houses were found in Chirand and Inamgaon
False
| Chirand and Pandu Rajar Dhibi
256
What factors kept Chalcolithic cultures from urbanizing
1. Copper wasn't a strong enough metal and they didn't know how to create bronze
2. High Infant Mortality Rate
3. No writing
257
How many copper hoards have been found in the subcontinent
80+
258
The copper hoards contain what items
- Bangles
- Celts
- Hatchets
- Harpoons
- Swords
- Spearheads
- Human like figures
- Rings
259
Largest copper hoard
Gungeria, MP
260
Period covered by OCP
2000-1500 BC
261
Duration of Malwa culture
1700-1200 BC
262
Eclipse of Chalcolithic culture
1200 BC
263
What type of cultivation did Neolithic and Chalcolithic cultures practice
Shifting cultivation / Slash and burn / *jhum*
