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Prelim Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Definition of Public Health according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

A

Is the art and science of preventing disease, prolonging life and, promoting health through organized community efforts for the
>sanitation of the environment
>control of community infections
>education of individuals in principles of personal hygiene
>organization of medical and nursing service for early diagnosis
>prevention and treatment of diseases
>development of social machinery
which will ensure to every individual in the community a standard of living adequate for the maintenance of health.

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2
Q

Definition of Public Health according to Acheson 1988

A 
>Multidisciplinary
>Population-based
>Action- oriented
>Community Targeted
>Changing
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3
Q

The Vision and Mission of Public Health in the Philippines

A

Vision
> Healthy People in Healthy Communities
Mission
>Promote physical and mental health and prevent disease, injury, disability

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4
Q

Goals of Public Health (6)

A

1) Prevents epidemics and the spread of disease
2) Prevents injuries
3) Promotes healthy behavior
4) Protects against environmental hazards
5) Assures the quality and accessibility of health services
6) Responds to disasters and assists communities in recovery

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5
Q

Definition of Public Health according to BJ Cassens, 1992, Preventive Medicine and Public Health

A

Those activities of government agencies or community groups not normally done by the private sector what improve the health status of the community or of individuals in the community.

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6
Q

What are the dominant public health problems in practically all countries in the region?

A

Non communicable diabetes

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7
Q

What are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity?

A 
>tuberculosis
>malaria
>measles
>helminthiasis
>dengue hemorrhagic fever
and other infections
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8
Q

What are the food and waterborne illness that are considered to be leading causes of morbidity and have high economic costs?

A 
>campylobacteriosis
>salmonellosis
>cholerashigellosis
>typhoid
>paratyphoid
>trematode
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9
Q

Socio-cultural factors in public health

A

> Lifestyle have changed
Family life has changed
Communities have changed
Economic and trade environments have undergone radical change
The international economy is based on global trade law but not on global labor market.
Political systems have changed as well

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10
Q

What are the key risk factor that underlie the high prevalence rates of non-communicable disease?

A

Smoking
physical inactivity
unsafe sexual practices
unhealthy diets

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11
Q

What is the basic social unit that serves as an anchor for order and normative behavior?

A

family but now is threatened by increased mobility and migration.

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12
Q

What is the major threat to health and development?

A

contamination of water sources and supplies

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13
Q

____has resulted in the free flow of goods between developed and developing countries.

A

Trade liberalization

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14
Q

Number of people that live an absolute poverty, with an income of less than 1 US$ per day.

A

1.3 billion of people or 20%of the world’s population

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15
Q

Public Health Approaches

A

Healthy Settings

Healthy Population

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16
Q

Healthy Settings

A 
Healthy Cities
Healthy Islands
Healthy Villages
Healthy Workplaces
Healthy Market Place
Health-Promoting Hospitals
Health-Promoting Schools
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17
Q

Healthy Population

A

Healthy Population (4)
and
Healthy Lifestyles

or

Child and Adolescent health
Adolescent health and development
Reproductive Health
Ageing and Health

or

CHD - Child Health and Development
AHD - Adolescent Health and Development

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18
Q

Healthy Lifestyles under Healthy Population

A 
Nutrition
Food Safety
Family Planning
Physical Activity
Mental Health
Tobacco Free Initiative
Substance Abuse Prevention
Domestic Violence Prevention
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19
Q

Public Health System

A

is a network composed of Public entities, private entities, and voluntary entities

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20
Q

Public health practice

A

is the application of multi-professional skills and community organization for health and of medical education or environmental therapy to maintain and improve the state of well-being of the community.

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21
Q

diverse and multidisciplinary…

give examples of it

Study These Flashcards
A 
Workforce
examples:
bio statisticians
dietitians/ dieticians
environmental health specialists
behavioral health specialists
22
Q

Core components (public health

Study These Flashcards
A

> assessment-of the health of the community
policy development- in the public’s interest
Assurance-of the public’s health

23
Q

Public Health Service

Study These Flashcards
A

is any organized community program designed to conserve and promote community health

24
Q

!0 essential services

Study These Flashcards
A

1) Monitor health status to identify community health problems.
2) Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community.
3) Inform, educate and empower people about health issues.
4) Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems
5) Develop policies and plans that supports health efforts.
6) Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety
7) Link people to personnel health services and assure the provision of health care
8) Assure a competent public health and health care workforce.
9) Evaluate the effectiveness, accessibility and quality of services
10) Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.

25
Public Health Programs
...are by definition public although some of the activities maybe purchased from the private organizations, profit making impinge of the health of the public both in a positive and negative way but the administration of Public health programs involves the use of public funds on behalf of public health.
26
examples of public health programs
management of tuberculosis management of sexually-transmitted disease prenatal and early childhood care clinical work in ambulatory care programs
27
Determinants of health | Factors that affects the health
genetic, behavioral, social, environmental, and personal health care
28
Determinants of Health:
1) Income and social stakes are linked to better life. 2) Education 3) Physical Environment 4) Employment and Working condition 5) Social support networks 6) Culture, beliefs, customs and traditions 7) Genetics(inheritance) 8) Personal Behaviors (diet, lifestyle, stress and challenges) 9) Health Services (accessibility, utilization) 10) Gender 11) Religious Beliefs 12) Politics
29
Achievements of Public health
``` >Vaccination >Family Planning >Healthier Mothers and babies >Safe Workplaces >Safer and Healthier Food >Motor Vehicle Safety >Control of Infectious Diseases >Fluoridation of Drinking Water > Recognition of Tobacco use as a health hazard >Decline in Deaths from heart disease and stroke ```
30
The two approaches according to the study of man by Byrne and Thompson
The Atomistic Approach and the | Holistic Approach
31
Atomistic Approach
views man as an organism composed of organ system, each system composed of organs and each organ is made up of tissue cells
32
Holistic Approach
fundamental framework on which one can base his/her perception and/or observation of the total behavior of man in relation to society
33
Man as biological being
cell>organ system>man>family>community>society
34
Man as Psycho-social Being
man is capable of rational and logical thinking most of the time but can be irrational and illogical when provoked.
35
Man as Spiritual Being
Man needs essential freedom of human spirit. To achieve this freedom, he continuously struggles for it and the struggle is made double difficult when he is ill.
36
Human Needs | define Need
is something that is essential to the emotional and physiological health and survival of humans.
37
Maslow's Hierarchy of Human Needs
1) Physiological Needs 2) Safety and Security Needs 3) Love and Belongingness 4) Self-esteem needs 5) Self-actualization
38
Family
-is the basic social institution and the primary group n society
39
Community
- it is a social group determined y geographic boundaries and/or common values and interests. - consists of individuals and family living in the same geographical area and sharing common life, customs, traditions, language and environment.
40
definition of family according to Murdock, 1949
Family is a social group characterized by common residence, economic cooperation, and reproduction.
41
Define family according to burgess and Locke 1963
Family is a group of persons united by ties of marriage, blood or adoption, constituting a single household, interacting and communicating with each other in their respective social roles of husband and wife, mother and father, son and daughter, brother and sister and creating and maintaining a common culture.
42
Community
is also defined as the combination of social units and systems whch perform major social functions having locality development such as a) production-distribution-consumption b) Socialization c) social control d) Social participation e) mutual support
43
Classification of Communities
urban rural rurban
44
urban definition according to hawley 1972
it is used to refer to a quality of life that is typically found in cities.
45
rural
- Usually small and the occupation of the people is usually farming, fishing, and food gathering. - composed of people with simple folks, characterized by primary group relation, well-knit and having a high degree of group feeling.
46
rurban
combination of rural and urban
47
components of the community
The people and the eight subsystems of the community
48
The people
- is the basic component - represents the "core" that makes up the community - included in the community core is a study of the demographic characteristics of the population as well as the values, beliefs and history of the people
49
eight subsystems of the community
``` housing education fire and safety communication health economics recreation ```
50
Characteristics of a healthy community
- prompts its members to have a high degree awareness that "we are community" - uses its natural resources and takes steps to conserve them for the future generation - openly recognizes the existence of sub groups and welcoming their participation in community affairs - prepared to meet crises - has open channel communication that allows every information to travel to all members in all directions - seeks to make each resources available to all members of the community - has a legitimate and effective ways to settle disputes and meet needs that arise within the community - encourages maximum citizen participation in decision-making - promotes high level awareness among its members - is a problem-solving community.
51
Factors affecting community health
``` political factors socio-economic factors hereditary factors environment factors behavior factors ```

Public Health (2 decks)

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