Prenatal care - Diagnosis of pregnancy Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Prenatal care - Diagnosis of pregnancy Deck (18)
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1
Q

Preferred method to diagnose normal pregnancy

A

Urine hCG

  • Keyword:*
  • Normal
2
Q

Naegele’s rule assumes two things

A
  1. A normal gestation is 280 days
  2. All patients have a 28-day menstrual cycle
3
Q

Margin of error for Naegele’s rule

A

± 2 weeks

4
Q

Presumptive symptoms

A
  1. Morning sickness
  2. Frequency in urination
  3. Quickening
5
Q

Presumptive signs

A
  1. Amenorrhea
  2. Beading cervical mucus
  3. Chadwick sign
  4. Breast engorgement
  5. Skin changes
  6. Increased temperature
  • Note:*
  • Of the discolorations in the reproductive tract, only Chadwick is presumptive
6
Q

Fetal movement

  • AOG in primigravida
  • AOG in multigravida
A
  • AOG in primigravida
    • 18-20 weeks
  • AOG in multigravida
    • 16-18 weeks
7
Q

Amenorrhea is not a reliale sign until ____ days or more after missed menses

A

10

8
Q

Cervical mucus in pregnancy

  • Pattern
  • Hormone responsible
A
  • Pattern
    • Beading
  • Hormone responsible
    • Progesterone

Memory aid:

  • Beading Buntis
  • Progesterone Pregnant
9
Q

Probable signs of pregnancy

A
  1. Enlargement of abdomen
  2. Hegar sign
  3. Goodell sogn
  4. Braxton Hicks contractions
  5. Ballottement
  6. Detection of β-hCG
10
Q

The fundic height in cm correlates with AOG when?

A

20 to 34 weeks

11
Q

When is ballottement evident?

A

In the 2nd trimester

12
Q

Positive signs of pregnancy

A
  • Fetal heart tone
  • Perception of fetal movement by examiner
  • Sonographic recognition
13
Q

Fetal heart tone

  • Auscultation
  • Doppler
  • TV-UTZ
A
  • Auscultation
    • As early as 16 weeks
    • 80% at 20 weeks
    • 100% at 22 weeks
  • Doppler
    • 10 weeks (as early as 8 weeks)
  • TV-UTZ
    • 5 weeks
14
Q

When are the structures seen in TVS

  • Gestational sac
  • Yolk sac
A
  • Gestational sac
    • 4-5 weeks
  • Yolk sac
    • 5 weeks
15
Q

A transvaginal ultrasound should be able to show at least a gestational sac once the hCG levels have reached ____

A

Between 1,000 – 2,000 mIU/mL

16
Q

Most accurate aging tool

A

EUTZ done before 12 weeks AOG

17
Q

Amniocentesis

  • When done
  • Indication
  • Complication
A
  • When done
    • 15 - 20 weeks
  • Indication
    • Karyotyping
    • FISH
    • Relieve hydramnios
  • Complication
    • Fetal loss
    • Amniotic leak

Memory aid:

  • Amniocentesis is 13 weeks
    • 15 to 20 weeks
18
Q

Chorionic villous sampling (CVS)

A
  • When done
    • 10 to 13 weeks
  • Indication
    • Karyotyping
  • Complication
    • Fetal loss
    • Limb reduction defects
    • Oromandibular limb dysplasia