Presentation 10: Influenza B and D Viruses in Pigs Flashcards
What are influenza viruses prone to?
Antigenic drift and antigenic shift
Explain the influenza virus in swine
All four genera (IAV, IBV, ICV, IDV) can infect pigs
IAV is well known in pigs and contributes to PRDC
Why are less characterized influenza focused on in swine?
IAV demonstrates how detremential influenza can be
Transmissibility, pathogenicity are unknown for IBV and IDV
There is a potential for catastrophic events towards swine and public health
What were the objectives of this study?
1) Determine transmissibility and pathogenicity of IBV and IDV in pigs
2) Uncover any potential roles of IBV and IDB in PRDC in pigs
3) Use information gathered to asses risk that IBV and IDV pose towards pigs
How was the virus prepared in this study?
Cells used: MDCK and ST cells
Grow influenza virus: IBV on MDCK and IDV on ST cells
How was the virus introduced in this study?
35 5 week old pigs, which were random distributed into three groups (IBV, IDV, negative control), and non-infected pigs were added
Pigs were selected for necroscopy and analysis
How was the virus detected in this study?
1) Necroscopy
2) Indirect immunofluorescence assay
3) Real time RT- PCR
4) Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay
What was the pathogenicity of IBV and IDV?
8/10 IBV-infected pigs developed fever
9/10 IBD- infected pigs developed fever
Fever observed in contact pigs
What was observed in terms of lung and nasal lesions?
1) Macroscopic lung lesions observed in both IBV and DV infected pigs post infection
2) Histological lung lesions observed in IBV and IDV infected and control pigs: Higher in IBV
3) Histological nasal lesions observed in IBV and IDV infected and control pigs: Higher in IDV
What was seen in the histological sections of IBV and IDV?
Squamous epithelium/metaplasia in IBV and IDV infected
Varied histological lung lesions observed in IBV and IDV infected
What were the mean titers in this study?
Mean IBV infected: 269
Mean IDV infected: 135
Mean IDB contact: 20
